The many benefits of ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) include: small seasonal and daily variations in availability, benign environmental performance and by - products in a family
of deep ocean water applications, for example food (aquaculture and agriculture) and potable water, and improving economics as a result of higher oil prices.
The federal government is about to open up to wind energy development vast swaths
of deep ocean waters, and states and wind park developers are vying to be the first to seize the new frontier.
There is a long «tail» of the response (> 1000 years) due to the slow mixing
of deep ocean waters which makes it dificult to give just one number.
Remote vehicles can measure the temperature
of deep ocean waters, and periodically surface to transfer the information to satellites.
It may have its origin with the 800 year overturning
of deep ocean waters from the polar sink places to the equatortial upwelling places.
Not exact matches
Blessed with warm sunny weather all year round (roughly 300 days
of sunshine a year), ringed by the Atlantic
Ocean on one side and protected on the other by the calm,
deep - blue
waters of the Tagus River (the longest river in the Iberian Peninsula), this traditionally sophisticated city seems to have it all.
«Son
of man, bathe yourself in the
ocean of matter; plunge into it where it is
deepest and most violent; struggle in its currents and drink
of its
waters.
Our fish meal is from
deep ocean water small fish, and our crab meal comes from the cold
waters of the Pacific Northwest or Nova Scotia.
Kona
Deep Water Purified Ocean Water from the waters of Hawaii, containing naturally occurring deep ocean electrol
Deep Water Purified
Ocean Water from the waters of Hawaii, containing naturally occurring deep ocean electro
Ocean Water from the
waters of Hawaii, containing naturally occurring
deep ocean electrol
deep ocean electro
ocean electrolytes
The hotel's arrival will launch the transformation
of the former shrimp boatyard and fishing village into a chic and contemporary destination, offering the largest
deep water marina in the Florida Keys, direct
ocean access, and an emerging retail and restaurant district.
A new map
of the surrounding seafloor helps explain why: Many
of the fastest - melting glaciers sit atop
deep fjords that allow Atlantic
Ocean water to melt them from below.
Depth may not be as much
of an issue for you if you tend to fish in shallow
waters, but if you fish in the
ocean or
deep lakes and rivers, having a maximum depth
of 100 meters or more can be crucial to finding your next big catch.
A new study in Marine Biology Research tackles this issue by comparing the physical characteristics
of two similar octopus species that live on the
ocean floor, as
deep as 9,500 feet (almost 2,900 m) below the
water's surface.
The shrimp represent centimeter - sized swimmers, including krill and shrimplike copepods, found throughout the world's
oceans that may together be capable
of mixing
ocean layers — and delivering nutrient - rich
deep waters to phytoplankton, or microscopic marine plants, near the surface, the researchers suggest.
They found glacial fjords hundreds
of meters
deeper than previously estimated; the full extent
of the marine - based portions
of the glaciers;
deep troughs enabling Atlantic
Ocean water to reach the glacier fronts and melt them from below; and few shallow sills that limit contact with this warmer
water.
This heating ought to be weak, but some unknown process seems to be amplifying it, possibly enough to melt a
deep ocean of liquid
water on Enceladus, or maybe only enough to form smaller pools
of water within the moon's icy shell.
They identified wind patterns that mixed the warmer surface and colder
deep waters to cool the
ocean's surface and reduce the intensity
of the storm.
«The undersides
of glaciers in
deeper valleys are exposed to warm, salty Atlantic
water, while the others are perched on sills, protected from direct exposure to warmer
ocean water,» said Romain Millan, lead author
of the study, available online in the American Geophysical Union journal Geophysical Research Letters.
Researchers can measure annual changes in how the melt rate occurs, for example, or the effects
of a single pulse
of warm
deep -
ocean water.
Ryskin proposes that huge deposits
of methane and other gases, which are naturally produced in
deep - sea
waters, became trapped under the pressure
of a then - stagnant global
ocean.
The fourth - largest moon
of Jupiter may have a global
ocean roughly 50 miles
deep, but all that
water lies below an intimidating ice shell up to 12 miles thick.
This
water is warming an average
of 0.03 degrees Celsius per year, with temperatures at the
deepest ocean sensors sometimes exceeding 0.3 degrees Celsius or 33 degrees Fahrenheit, Muenchow said.
Driven by stronger winds resulting from climate change,
ocean waters in the Southern Ocean are mixing more powerfully, so that relatively warm deep water rises to the surface and eats away at the underside of the
ocean waters in the Southern
Ocean are mixing more powerfully, so that relatively warm deep water rises to the surface and eats away at the underside of the
Ocean are mixing more powerfully, so that relatively warm
deep water rises to the surface and eats away at the underside
of the ice.
The rising temperatures cause layers
of ocean water to stratify so the more oxygen - rich surface
waters are less able to mix with oxygen - poor
waters from the
deeper ocean.
A mass
of water called the North Atlantic Deep Water enters the Southern Ocean off the southeast coast of South America (star in map below l
water called the North Atlantic
Deep Water enters the Southern Ocean off the southeast coast of South America (star in map below l
Water enters the Southern
Ocean off the southeast coast
of South America (star in map below left).
In a recent paper published in Nature Geoscience, his team identified two
deep underwater cavities beneath the glacier that they note could be pathways for relatively warm
ocean water to reach the underside
of the glacier, enhancing its melting.
The fog is a gift
of the Pacific
Ocean's California Current where winds create upwellings that bring cold,
deep, nutrient - rich
waters to the surface.
A plague
of oxygen - deprived
waters from the
deep ocean is creeping up over the continental shelves off the Pacific Northwest and forcing marine species there to relocate or die.
At high velocities
deep in the
ocean, that dual pressure heaves
water with forces powerful enough to generate a tsunami, as a similarly massive chunk
of seafloor did in the 2011 event in Japan.
Unexplored
deep waters in the Atlantic
Ocean could offer a preview
of life — if it exists — on other moons and planets.
Once a year, they migrate from the
deep ocean to shallow
water along the Pacific Coast
of North America.
And C. finmarchicus is far from being the only animal in the
ocean which spends part
of its life cycle in
deep water.
Today, cold
water sinks near the Arctic and flows
deep below the surface
of the Atlantic toward the southern
oceans, where it rises up.
But the balance between DVMs and the limited
deep -
water oxygen supply could be easily upset, Bianchi said — particularly by climate change, which is predicted to further decrease levels
of oxygen in the
ocean.
Research begun at Princeton University found that the numerous small sea animals that migrate from the surface to
deeper water every day consume vast amounts
of what little oxygen is available in the
ocean's aptly named «oxygen minimum zone» daily.
Beatty believes that when 570 degree Fahrenheit
water from thermal vents hits cold,
deep ocean currents, several light - producing processes may occur: sonoluminescence from imploding gas bubbles; chemiluminescence from chemical reactions (analogous to fireflies lighting up); crystalloluminescence from the formation
of crystal bonds; and triboluminescence from the breaking
of those bonds.
«Nobody had done rapid - response drilling in the
ocean, nobody had drilled anything substantial under 7 kilometers
of water, nobody had placed an observatory in a fault that
deep, and nobody had retrieved a string
of instruments from that
deep,» she said.
The oxygen content
of the
ocean may be subject to frequent ups and downs in a very literal sense — that is, in the form
of the numerous sea creatures that dine near the surface at night then submerge into the safety
of deeper, darker
waters at daybreak.
«We need to do more studies to be able to determine if this new species, which we are yet to name, only lives in the shallow
waters of the western Mediterranean or if it is also found in other
deep water basins in the eastern Mediterranean or Atlantic
Ocean, for example,» highlights Conxita Àvila.
«These results show that the effect
of ocean acidification on deep - water corals may not be as severe as predicted,» said David Garrison, a program director in the National Science Foundation's Division of Ocean Sciences, which funded the rese
ocean acidification on
deep -
water corals may not be as severe as predicted,» said David Garrison, a program director in the National Science Foundation's Division
of Ocean Sciences, which funded the rese
Ocean Sciences, which funded the research.
A fleet
of robotic submarines, based at the National Oceanography Centre (NOC), head - quartered in in Southampton, have been used to map vulnerable cold -
water coral reefs in the
deep ocean off southwest England.
Real - world data back the claim: Accumulations
of calcium carbonate in
deep - sea Pacific sediments show that the Pliocene
ocean experienced huge shifts at the time, with
waters churning all the way from the surface down to about three kilometers
deep, as would be expected from a conveyor belt — type circulation.
This enabled the research team to reconstruct, for the first time, a detailed picture
of the environmental conditions at the
ocean's surface, as well as in
deeper water layers, over the last 30,000 years.
The region is getting stormier, which threatens settlements, aids
ocean mixing that funnels nutrients to
deeper waters, and could speed the breakup
of sea ice.
They compared isotope measurements on the silica skeletons
of diatoms, which store environmental signals from the
ocean's surface, with isotope signals from radiolarians, which live in
deeper water layers.
At the edge
of the Pacific continental shelf,
deeper, nutrient - rich
waters rise to the
ocean's surface.
El Nino's mass
of warm
water puts a lid on the normal currents
of cold,
deep water that typically rise to the surface along the equator and off the coast
of Chile and Peru, said Stephanie Uz,
ocean scientist at Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland.
When that edge moves off the continental shelf into
deep open
ocean waters, the productivity drops off and the marine organisms that feed larger wildlife are out
of reach, scientists say.
Even as the surface warms, the
deeps remain cool, and this cold
water will continue to periodically push the
ocean out
of the El Niño state.
The researchers found that during glacial periods when the atmosphere was colder and sea ice was far more extensive,
deep ocean waters came to the surface much further north
of the Antarctic continent than they do today.