Sentences with phrase «of derived alleles»

To give rise to the data observed in the present, the lineages of the derived alleles must coalesce among each other before they coalesce to any non-derived lineage.

We did not find significant differences or deviations in a consistent direction in the frequency of derived alleles in islands of divergence within O. c. cuniculus or in either subspecies when defining differentiation based on the proportion of fixed differences versus shared polymorphisms (Figure 3); however, intervals of high FST in O. c. algirus did show a significant skew towards high frequency derived alleles.

For each polymorphic site observed in a given horse sample, we defined the ancestral state using the donkey sequence data and computed a measure of genetic load as the product of the GERP score at each site and the number of derived alleles carried by this individual at this site, averaged across sites for each individual.

We disregarded CGG10023, due to insufficient genome coverage and high error rate, and Twilight, which represents the Thoroughbred horse used for generating the EquCab2.0 assembly and is therefore expected to show a strong deficit of derived alleles.

Arrow indicates the first appearance of the derived allele at position 10,218, distinguishing clusters 2 and 3.

Not exact matches

Every gene in (almost) every cell of the body is present in two variants — so called alleles: one is deriving from the mother, the other one from the father.

So, if a gene lies within a gene - dense, low - recombination region, then this means that a much larger number of progeny from crosses must be examined to find those that derive from rare recombinational events that separate the desired new allele from undesirable forms of neighboring genes.

As expected, European dogs share more derived alleles with the ancient dogs than Indian village dogs, with ratios of 1.186 — 1.217 for HXH and 1.195 — 1.231 for NGD (Supplementary Table 17).

The RNAi - mediated silencing of both HTT alleles in neural stem cells derived from hESCs disrupted spindle orientation and led to the mislocalization of dynein, the p150Glued subunit of dynactin and the large nuclear mitotic apparatus (NuMA) protein.

«The most surprising and interesting part is that the authors detected derived alleles in pathogen resistance genes,» commented Albert Zink, director of the Institute for Mummies and the Iceman in Bolzano, Italy.

Finally, allele - specific expression indicates that expression of one of the three NCAM genes has a two-fold reduction in expression when linked to the derived «sand» allele at the CNE.

It follows from the last point above that the vast majority of common human genetic variation, i.e. SNPs with derived allele frequencies of at least 5 %, is neutral or nearly neutral with respect to fitness.

This locus contains a conserved non-coding element (CNE) upstream of three neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) genes, where the derived «sand» allele appears to disrupt a neuronal transcription factor binding motif.

«One important insight stems from the observation that modern non-Africans and archaic populations share more derived alleles than they should if there was no admixture between them,» Bohlender said, citing that sequencing of complete Neanderthal and Denisovan genomes offers insights into human history.

Indeed, several admixture scenarios [44], [45] and selection at linked sites are expected to generate an excess of high frequency derived alleles, but the observation that most islands of differentiation are not enriched for high frequency derived alleles suggests that selection at linked sites is likely to have a relatively small contribution overall to the occurrence of areas of high differentiation.

Quantitative PCR analysis was carried out to monitor levels of mRNA derived from both targeted and untargeted alleles of Hex (1f, 2r) or targeted allele only (Bf, 1r).

By analyzing imputed data for a large number of human traits, we empirically derive a model that more accurately describes how heritability varies with minor allele frequency (MAF), linkage disequilibrium (LD) and genotype certainty.

The gain - of - function sup - 10 (n983) allele [51] confers a rubberband phenotype with focus of action in body wall muscles [52]; the focus of action of daf - 6 is in the amphid and phasmid sheath cells that derive from ABp [53], and daf - 6 animals are defective in the dye - filling (Dyf phenotype) of sensory neurons associated with these structures.

Although the newest edition of the authoritative textbook, Vitamin D, claims that in humans calcidiol binds with equal affinity to the DBP whether it is derived from vitamin D2 or vitamin D3, 37 the citation for this statement is the author's own PhD thesis, in which he reported results obtained from testing the DBP of a mere two people.48 Since the gene for the DBP is one of the most polymorphic known (meaning it exists in many forms), existing in three common alleles and 124 known rarer alleles (alleles are specific forms of the same gene), each allele itself having many polymorphisms, 37 a sample size of two is rather unconvincing.

The Role of the Met66 Brain - Derived Neurotrophic Factor Allele in the Recovery of Executive Functioning after Combat - Related Traumatic Brain Injury

Association of the paternally transmitted copy of common valine allele of the Val66Met polymorphism of the brain - derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene with susceptibility to ADHD

No evidence for preferential transmission of common valine allele of the Val66Met polymorphism of the brain - derived neurotrophic factor gene (BDNF) in ADHD