As the days
of desegregation by decree draw to a close, many schools and communities again find themselves asking how to preserve the perceived gains made under court - ordered plans — or to undo the perceived harm they inflicted.
Evidence on the achievement effects
of desegregation by income is limited by both an absence of detailed information on family income (including indicators for severe poverty or high income) and the difficulty in separating the effects of students» own circumstances from the influences of peers.
The third in a series of reports spanning nearly three decades shows a continuing advance in the support
of desegregation by U.S. whites.
Not exact matches
In fact, social conservatives in the USA, led
by Christian conservatives, have fought or disagreed with religious diversity, religious equality, abolition
of slavery, Suffrage,
desegregation, integrating the armed forces, Brown v Board
of Education, mixed race marriages, respect and equality for Jews (not in MY country club!)
A psychiatrist who studied the effects
of the school
desegregation conflict on children in the Deep South reports: «I have been struck
by how clearly young Negro children foresee the bleak future
of their lives.
By virtue
of the team's watershed triumph, Texas Western and its coach, Don Haskins, were credited with setting in motion the
desegregation of college basketball teams in the South.
If you want to improve the schools, I mean, this is something we know since Brown v. Board
of Education — where you have
desegregation by race and class.
His father, who had studied chemistry but switched to law after World War II, helped draft guidelines for school
desegregation in the 1960s that were adopted
by the federal government in its enforcement
of the Civil Rights Act
of 1964.
The study, «Resegregation and Equity in Oklahoma City,» authored
by Jennifer Jellison
of the Harvard Project on School
Desegregation, examined the assumptions underlying the Supreme Court's 1991 Oklahoma City - based Dowell decision, a landmark decision that for the first time sanctioned a return to segregated schooling by stating that districts may be released from a desegregation order if they had met certai
Desegregation, examined the assumptions underlying the Supreme Court's 1991 Oklahoma City - based Dowell decision, a landmark decision that for the first time sanctioned a return to segregated schooling
by stating that districts may be released from a
desegregation order if they had met certai
desegregation order if they had met certain conditions.
These «findings»
by the lower court about the purported benefits
of neighborhood schools were based entirely on the claims
of Oklahoma City School District officials, claims which are currently echoed across the country
by school districts seeking to be released from their
desegregation orders.
After greatly increasing
desegregation of public schools a generation ago, the United States public education system is now steadily consolidating a trend toward racial resegregation that began in the late 1980s, according to a new study
by The Civil Rights Project and researchers at the Harvard Graduate School
of Education.
The study, «Resegregation and Equity in Oklahoma City,» authored
by Jennifer Jellison
of the Harvard Project on School
Desegregation, examined the assumptions underlying the Supreme Court's 1991 Oklahoma City - based Dowell decision, a landmark decision that for the first time...
In an article about Frankenberg's study that was published in The Birmingham News in December, U.W. Clemon, a retired U.S. district court judge who was involved in
desegregation cases in the 1960s, said that as a result
of fragmentation, the schools in Jefferson County are «resegregated» today, and not
by accident.
The scholarship is part
of a $ 2 million effort to compensate Ms. Moseley, 57, and other African - Americans who were denied portions
of their K - 12 education when some Virginia schools resisted
desegregation orders in the 1950s and 1960s
by closing their doors.
Initially a tool for
desegregation efforts in the 1970s (i.e.,
by encouraging white parents to stay in urban districts), magnets have evolved to serve a wide variety
of purposes and settings.
Earlier this month, state attorneys asked Judge DiBuono to force the city's school board to choose one
of three
desegregation plans that had been approved
by Saul Cooperman,...
Contrary to allegations
by the U.S. Department
of Justice, the scholarship program improves racial integration in public schools in 34 districts under
desegregation orders
A Union County, N.J., judge has ruled that the Hillside Board
of Education must turn over to the state data on its racially imbalanced elementary schools so that a
desegregation plan can be implemented
by the beginning
of next school year.
Between 1968 and 1980, segregation
by district increased, reflecting the effects
of both white flight from
desegregation and longer - term trends, including suburbanization.
• «
Desegregation Since the Coleman Report,»
by Steve Rivkin, which examines the evidence on the racial composition
of schools and student learning.
A federal appeals court in Boston has narrowly upheld a voluntary
desegregation plan in the Lynn, Mass., school district in a case that is being closely followed
by supporters and critics
of race - conscious policies in K - 12 schooling.
In reviewing the available research on the effects
of segregation on educational opportunities for black students, Rivkin concludes the effects
of desegregation are most likely uneven and vary
by program and context.
In 1954, the Supreme Court in Brown v. Board
of Education found legally segregated schools to be unconstitutional, but it was not until the legislative and executive branches put the full strength
of the federal government behind
desegregation efforts,
by passing the Civil Rights Act
of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act
of 1965, that serious progress was made in the South.
The sweeping anti-busing legislation — approved
by the Senate as part
of a bill providing funds for the Justice Department this year — not only forbids the Justice Department from bringing
desegregation suits that could result in busing and limits the power
of federal courts to order busing for such purposes, but allows Justice Department officials to support the removal
of court - ordered busing plans already in operation.
In the 1990s, a new set
of decisions
by a more conservative Supreme Court required that many large (and successful)
desegregation plans be dismantled across the country.
Under the terms
of a court settlement reached with the aid
of a nationally known
desegregation researcher, the San Francisco Unified School District will open a currently unused facility to house the entire student body
of a magnet middle school affected
by the district's asbestos - cleanup program.
active support
by private foundations and community groups
of efforts to continue local
desegregation plans and programs, through research, advocacy and litigation;
Howe, later a senior lecturer at the Ed School from 1982 to 1994, and his colleague, David Sealey, faced the daunting task
of verifying that schools receiving federal aid were indeed abiding
by desegregation laws.
As the potential for
desegregation efforts is determined
by the distribution
of students among districts, I report the index for districts as well as for schools.
To judge
by the quality
of the educational evaluation work I know best — on school
desegregation, Comer's School Development Program, and bilingual education — the average quasi-experiment in these fields inspires little confidence in its conclusions about effectiveness.
September 20: «Learning from Boston's Busing /
Desegregation Project» screens the documentary Can We Talk: Learning from Boston's Busing
Desegregation Crisis, followed
by a panel discussion with HGSE associate professor John Diamond, HGSE lecturer Karen Mapp, and Boston Busing Truth Project and Union
of Minority Neighborhoods coordinator Donna Bivens.
By controlling for a wide variety
of other characteristics, including the students» own prior performance, our analysis is able to estimate the likely effect
of desegregation within the school.
Jonathan Guryan in 2002 used the
desegregation plan data assembled
by Welch and Light to study the change in high - school dropout rates between 1970 and 1980, and found that the implementation
of desegregation during the 1970s reduced the high - school dropout rate during that period.
A federal judge overseeing a 26 - year - old school
desegregation case in Chicago has indicated that as long as some details are added, he is inclined to approve a proposed final settlement between the school system and the U.S. Department
of Justice that could end court supervision
of the district
by July
of next year.
Yet Coleman also noted that the composition
of a student's peer group was more important for learning than any other school - related factor, a finding used
by the Johnson and Nixon administrations to reinforce their strenuous
desegregation efforts in southern states.
Desegregation since the Coleman Report Racial composition
of schools and student learning
by Steven Rivkin
The voluntary exchange program is one part
of a
desegregation order handed down
by U.S. District Judge H. Barefoot Sanders in February 1982.
Instead
of focusing on remedying the harm done to those black schoolchildren injured
by segregation, the District Court here sought to convert the Kansas City, Mo., School District into a «magnet district» that would reverse the «white flight» caused
by desegregation.
The case studies
of economic
desegregation in the book's last chapter are dominated
by a city in my state, La Crosse, Wisconsin.
Though they differ in their interpretation
of the «success» (or not)
of desegregation, they agree on the fundamentals: Integration helps to raise minority student achievement, but it's not nearly a strong enough intervention
by itself to close achievement gaps.
Washington — School districts that were once racially segregated
by law should remain bound
by court
desegregation orders until every wrong caused
by the separation
of races is cured, a lawyer for black schoolchildren in Oklahoma City told the U.S. Supreme Court last week.
Professor Gary Orfield is Professor
of Education and Social Policy and founding Co-Director
of the Civil Rights Project at Harvard University is the author
of many books and articles on school
desegregation and other civil rights issues and his work was cited
by the Supreme Court in its recent decision on affirmative action.
Ruling in the Oklahoma City school
desegregation case, a divided U.S. Supreme Court holds that districts that were once racially segregated
by law may be freed from court - ordered
desegregation plans if they have done their best to eradicate the vestiges
of their discriminatory systems and have met court orders.
But, thanks to an apparently unprecedented
desegregation policy adopted
by the Palm Beach County school board, at least one developer here recently has been going out
of its way to reach the African - American market.
Once past the long, agonizing upheaval
of school
desegregation, the states and their education departments
by and large have bent to the federal will.
A national school -
desegregation study
by the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights is «so flawed that it can not be carried out in a way that will either be seen as professionally respectable or fair,» an advisor to the commission wrote last week in a letter
of resignation.
These chosen district schools largely comprise the country's 2,722 «magnet» schools (according to 2011 data), most
of which offer themed programs and were originally designed to encourage
desegregation by attracting a multi-racial clientele.
There, in 2012 a public school — choice policy prescribed
by No Child Left Behind (NCLB) fell afoul
of the inherited judicial law
of desegregation.
Again, when we break out our results
by race, we find that nearly 90 percent
of African American transfers improve
desegregation in their sending schools.
Our analysis
of the Louisiana Scholarship Program reveals that the vouchers used
by the subset
of recipients for whom information is available have supported public - school
desegregation efforts.