Research has shown many cross-cultural differences in proportional ratios
of different attachment styles among children and adults (Sprecher et al., 1994).
Overall, the distributions
of the different attachment styles in children living in institutions have been shown to have lower rates of secure and higher rates of disorganised attachment than those observed in children living with their biological parents in the general population (Bakermans - Kranenburg et al. 2011; Katsurada 2007; Muadi et al. 2012; Zeanah et al. 2005).
If you want to read in - depth about Ainsworth's «Strange Situation Experiment» and her discovery
of the different attachment styles infants may display.
Researchers have also expanded upon Bowlby's original work and have suggested that a number
of different attachment styles exist.
Attachment theory, for example, began with the work of John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth and has expanded and grown to include new descriptions
of different attachment styles.
They have identified a number
of different attachment styles to describe the affectional bond children have with their parents or caregivers.
Not exact matches
I recently read a book called Attached about the three
different styles of attachment that people express in relationships.
More recent
attachment theory is based on research into
different styles of attachment in both children and adult romantic relationships.
On the flipside
of secure
attachment, there are three
different styles which fall on the insecure
attachment spectrum.
I wrote a book called Create New Love: How Men and Women can Prepare for a Lasting Relationship, and a main focus
of several chapters was how helpful it can be to assess your
attachment style, and that
of your dates so that you don't try to make a relationship work with someone very
different from you.
Author Andrew G. Marshall says that the two main culprits that destroy what he calls «Loving
Attachment» are neglecting physical intimacy and not accepting each other's differences — such as
different parenting
styles or ways
of resolving conflicts.
It is the response to these tendencies and the
attachment style of the pair that defines
different mother - daughter relationship
styles.
A number
of studies have found evidence that yes, insecure
attachment styles are associated with physiological stress responses and lifestyle behaviors that put people at risk for health problems.2, 3,4 The idea is that
attachment promotes
different ways
of perceiving and regulating stress.
In the 25th installment
of SAGE's Relationship Matters podcast, hosted by Dr. Bjarne Holmes
of Champlain College, Dr. Maryhope Howland (a former PhD student at the University
of Minnesota; now at Kent State University) talks about her research on how people with
different attachment styles use humor in relationships.
Once an internal working model establishes an
attachment style, regardless
of environmental variations (
different relationships), we keep re-affirming our
attachment style.
Bowlby described three
different attachment styles based on the level
of security in the
attachment bond: Secure, anxious / ambivalent, and avoidant.
To account for potential confounders associated with diabetes self - care, we conducted a logistic regression to determine whether the percentage
of patients with HbA1c levels ≥ 8 % were
different between
attachment style categories after adjusting for covariates that were specifically
different between
attachment groups, such as demographics, medical comorbidity, diabetes complications, diabetes knowledge, and depression.
Let's start with an example
of how the
different attachment styles might respond to this common scenario in dating.
Development
of Attachment in Romantic Relationship
of Young Adults with
Different Love
Styles
The final factor included in our model was
attachment style which was measured on the anxious and avoidant dimensions, both
of which were independent predictors
of different love
styles.
This study explored whether cultural orientation, gender,
attachment style, and relationship could be combined to predict each
of the
different love
styles, and the results revealed that they did.
Participants
of this workshop will learn, discuss and experientially process through
different attachment styles and how they directly impact the
attachment process between the caregiver and child in the playroom.
Children's development
of the cognitive and social skills needed for later success in school may be best supported by a parenting
style known as responsive parenting.1 Responsiveness is an aspect
of supportive parenting described across
different theories and research frameworks (e.g.
attachment, socio - cultural) as playing an important role in providing a strong foundation for children to develop optimally.2 - 4 Parenting that provides positive affection and high levels
of warmth and is responsive in ways that are contingently linked to a young child's signals («contingent responsiveness») are the affective - emotional aspects
of a responsive
style.5 These aspects, in combination with behaviours that are cognitively responsive to the child's needs, including the provision
of rich verbal input and maintaining and expanding on the child's interests, provide the range
of support necessary for multiple aspects
of a child's learning.6
Furthermore, an analysis
of variance was computed to compare the
attachment style within
different groups.
Third, in the light
of the strong connection between
attachment styles and emotion regulation strategies, we are interested in linking the perception
of different caregiving
styles to a measure
of emotion arousal.
Through the construction
of self - report questionnaires, they found that the three
different styles of attachment, as proposed by Ainsworth et al. [3], help explain personality differences in experiences
of romantic relationships.
The link between adult
attachment style and the perception
of different ways
of caregiving can contribute to a better understanding
of the mechanisms underlying the transmission
of attachment.
In particular, we investigated if current adult
attachment styles make individuals discriminate
different ways
of caregiving, and if they are associated with a preference for a specific caregiving modality.
Attachment style would be confirmed as crucial in the psychophysiological process
of discerning between
different caregiving behaviors and the prominence
of low - level information processes in forming these attitudes.
In order to explore the association between
attachment styles and the perception
of different caregiving modalities, we designed a study to elicit a specific caregiving representation in the participants and, then, we assessed the attitude to the semantic category «mother.»
There will be differences between countries and between
different types
of institutions and foster care programs, regarding rates
of attachment styles.
The four - category model
of attachment predicts that a secure and insecure
attachment style has a
different relationship with the perception
of both stress and social support in interpersonal relationships toward people.
Wired for Love illustrates
different ways
of relating (via
attachment styles) and how our experience in romantic and intimate partnerships is directly influenced by our personal relationship
styles, beliefs, and defensive strategies.
Numerous researchers have noted a range
of attachment styles beyond the dichotomony
of avoidant /
attachment dimensions [40]; for example, a larger sample would have allowed more nuanced examination
of participants with
different permutations
of attachment style (e.g. high anxious and high avoidant tendencies).
The above
attachment styles could express the importance
of emotions for Malaysian young adults in
different social settings and various types
of relationships.
Each study used a
different scale to classify
attachment style, although Donarelli et al. (2012) used an Italian language version
of the Revised Experiences in Close Relationships (ECR - R) scale (Picardi et al., 2000), the English language version
of which was used by Van den Broek et al. (2010).
All the studies reported results in terms
of rates, percentage or number
of children classified in the
different Attachment Styles (as this was considered an inclusion criteria).
As Malaysian culture is part
of Asian traditions, which in turn encompasses multiple subcultures, it is expected to demonstrate a few
different and unique
attachment styles due to the differences in child rearing, education, socialization and aspirations towards ideal models
of social relationships.
The kind
of attachment children develop to their parents has been related to
different parenting
styles, described by dimensions like autonomy support (Skinner et al., 2005), parental sensitivity (Belsky et al., 1991) and parental control (Barber and Harmon, 2002; Kuppens et al., 2013).