This breed descended from the St. Huberts Hound
of eighth century Belgium.
The prophet Amos performed his mission about the time of the great earthquake in the middle
of the eighth century.
They included the Donation of Constantine, composed about the middle
of the eighth century and purporting to have Constantine as its author.
As so often happened in Western Europe, later medieval rulers continued to build in and around such ancient religious shrines, so that Sergiopolis became the palace
of the eighth century Caliph Hisham.
At that juncture the Arabs, inspired and united by Islam, moved out of their native peninsula and by the middle
of the eighth century overran Syria, Palestine, Egypt, most of the Iberian Peninsula, Sicily, Sardinia, Corsica, and Crete, erased the Persian Empire, and established their capital at Baghdad.
We can imagine what his town and area suffered from every invading or even passing army in the last four decades
of the eighth century; and we can better understand the intensity of his prophetic wrath especially when the high fortress - city of Jerusalem is his target.
The new aspects of external history and the related internal prophetic mind were initially produced in the middle
of the eighth century simply by the aggressive ambition of Assyria backed, for the first time in several centuries, with the leadership and power to implement ambition.
Here is an incomparably intimate, partisan interpretation of the life of a little Near Eastern state in the second quarter
of the eighth century, the words of Amos, who was among the shepherds of Tekoa, which he saw concerning Israel in the days of Uzziah king of Judah and in the days of Jeroboam the son of Joash, king of Israel... (1:1)
(Adolph Lods: Israel From its Beginning to the Middle
of the Eighth Century, translated by S. H. Hooke, p. 287) The wonder is not that this practise obtained but that it is so seldom evident in the Hebrew records that it existed, however, is plain from an indubitable instance when Samuel, angry at the reservation of the Amalekite king from the general massacre, «hewed Agag in pieces before Yahweh in Gilgal.»
In the Middle Ages (at least by the time
of the eighth century), those who were about to die were laid on the ground on top of sackcloth sprinkled with ashes.
The middle
of the eighth century BC.
This is a study of Isaiah of Jerusalem whose prophetic ministry was performed in the latter half
of the eighth century B.C. during the reigns of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz and Hezekiah, kings of Judah (Isa.
We would know further that Israel was destroyed by the Assyrians toward the end
of the eighth century BC and that Judah survived longer, but eventually was destroyed by the Babylonians early in the sixth century BC.
Again there was delay; it seemed that Assyria might be swept out of existence by the mountain folk of what we now call Armenia; but from the third quarter
of the eighth century until the destruction of Nineveh in 612 B.C., the Assyrian empire was the supreme political fact of the Near East.
We have noted that the Old Testament prophet on whom Jesus seems most to have patterned his life work was the one whom he knew as Isaiah, though we may now speak of him as Second Isaiah, since he wrote during the exile and about one hundred and fifty years after the Isaiah
of the eighth century.
The great prophets
of the eighth century BC.E.
As early as the time of the first Isaiah toward the end
of the eighth century we find him saying:
Until the middle
of the eighth century Israel's future, while uncertain and often highly insecure, could be seen as in continuum with the present, as holding in prospect essentially more of the same.
It was Adam who brought the church of the T'ang dynasty to its classical period of literary production in the second half
of the eighth century.
When those fundamental values are translated into concrete moral choice, the resulting norm may in fact differ from one historical situation to another — from the premonarchic agricultural setting in Israel to the affluence
of the eighth century to the period of Hellenistic or Roman domination to today's secularized society.
The northern segment of the severed monarchy suffers political execution at the hands of Assyria in the last quarter
of the eighth century B.C., and Judah at the hands of resurgent Babylon in the first quarter of the sixth century B.C..
Amos in the middle
of the eighth century reflects the common definition of «prophet» as denoting professional association, down to this time deemed necessarily neither bad nor good.
In the middle
of the eighth century BC.
Such was the burden of the prophecies of Amos in the middle
of the eighth century BC History takes place within a moral order.
Halphen's argument runs like this: (1) by the end
of the eighth century, Charlemagne had emerged as master of the West; (2) under these conditions, it was to be expected that a more general title should be added to his collection, to reflect his full power, when local conditions permitted; (3) local conditions in Rome in December, 800, demanded the intervention of an Emperor; and (4) Byzantine imperial power was at that time temporarily disrupted and incapable of intervening in Rome.
In his discussion
of the eighth century, Lambert relies too heavily on the writings of the astonishing Bede, substantially excluding other figures who left significant paper trails of different kinds, such as St. Aldhelm, and causing him to downplay the continuing Irish influence on British Christian writing, including the shift to rhyme and accentual prosody in hymns.
Not exact matches
Frank Hartley paused with his small tour group in the Mayan wing
of the Metropolitan Museum
of Art to admire the images on an ornately carved
eighth -
century cup and read the translation aloud: «Burn your head, smell your?»
Despite news reports to the contrary, the Orthodox Church has had numerous such councils since either the
eighth or eleventh
century — depending on whether the Seventh Ecumenical Council (787) or the Great Schism (1054, roughly) is the supposed occasion
of the last meeting.
You will observe that not one
of the books
of the Old Testament (in its finished form) is
of earlier date than the
eighth century BC Before that time there existed traditions handed down by word
of mouth, and various documentary records and compositions, which were used by later writers.
These prophets all appear within the span
of about two
centuries, between, roughly, the middle
of the
eighth and the middle
of the sixth
centuries.
The Carolingian monarchy, in the
eighth and ninth
centuries the strongest political force in Western Europe, and a champion
of Catholic Christianity, was partly responsible for the halting
of the Moslem Arab advance from the South and the conversion
of some
of the peoples on its northern and eastern marches.
Even more serious was the Arab invasion
of the seventh and
eighth centuries.
The Avars were converted, largely in the latter part
of the
eighth and in the ninth
century.
The rigorism
of the Donatists, named after their second bishop, was not accepted by the majority, but the Donatist church survived into the
eighth century, by which time North Africa had come under Muslim rule.
One -
eighth of the region's 481 million people belong to fundamentalist or evangelical churches, and in some countries, such as Guatemala, it is estimated that half the population will have switched into those churches by the end
of the
century.
Thus, where historical criticism, reading the Book
of Isaiah, tries to distinguish which materials come from the
eighth -
century prophet, the sixth -
century prophet and the fifth -
century prophet, literary and canonical critics focus on how the final form
of the book has created the context within which all
of its materials are now to be read, as a movement from judgment to salvation.
Today, as in the
eighth century before Christ, we find greed, exploitation, callous indifference to human need, and vast amounts
of conflict and strife between nations and social groups.
With the Protestants it was, in most countries, Luther or Calvin, but England became Protestant by the action
of Henry the
Eighth, and who in the 19th
Century knew or cared about his theological view?
The rapid rise and spread
of Communism must be accepted by Christians as the most seriously challenging deviant form
of the Judeo - Christian heritage, just as, in the
eighth century, the rise
of Islam came about because
of the tendency for Christian Trinitarian doctrine to revert to polytheism, adding weight to Mohammed's call for a pure monotheism.
The prophets
of the
eighth to the sixth
centuries are all predominantly oriented in catastrophe — either the fall
of the Northern Kingdom in 721 or the end
of the surviving Southern state in 587 — whether they stand before or after the envisaged tragedy.
The concept obviously underlying the use
of the Word in the Elijah narratives makes clear that certainly by the
eighth century the prophetic understanding
of the Word was matured and substantially established.
Prophetism is the total achievement
of that unique movement spectacularly witnessed in concentrated power in the
eighth, seventh, and sixth
centuries, but developing from the time
of Israel's birth as a people out
of Egypt and continuing to find essential expression in the final six or seven
centuries of biblical time.
A.C. Moule points out that a large number
of manuscripts were discovered in north west China which speak
of Christianity in China in the seventh and
eighth centuries.
The understanding
of historical judgment as positive in divine purpose may well be already implicit in Amos (see 4:6 - 11 and the discussion above) But still in the
eighth century, it is most warmly expounded in Hosea (see especially 2:14 - 23; 5:15; 11:11) It is a pervasive if often only implicit element in the utterances
of Jeremiah and makes possible that stunning declaration
of a new covenant with Israel «after those days»
of judgment:
Not only the third negative member, but the fourth positive element
of the scheme is the work
of prophetism in the
eighth century.
He calls attention to (1) the degeneration in syncretism
of the old Yahweh faith prior to the appearance
of the
eighth -
century prophets; (2) a kind
of «emancipation» from Yahweh in increasing dependence upon the maturing structure
of the political state; and (3) the dissolution
of the old tribal social order with the shift
of economic power to the cities, the increasing inability
of the farmer, because
of the burdens
of heavy taxation, to maintain himself as a free man, and the growing concentration
of land in the hands
of a few wealthy urbanites (cf. Isa.
When Dr. Morrison's thirty years
of editorial service through The Christian
Century began, I was in the
eighth grade.
The Europe
of the high Middle Ages is arguably a commonwealth that emerged from the ruins
of the Carolingian Empire
of the
eighth and ninth
centuries.
When the question is raised with respect to Israel in these terms, the claim
of the prophetic movement
of the
eighth and seventh
centuries to be the bearer
of the axial revolution stands vindicated.
Until the end
of the second
century (
eighth century AD.)