Sentences with phrase «of electrons paired»

In the neutrinos» case, Cohen and Glashow calculate that the wake would mostly consist of electrons paired with their antimatter twins, positrons.

How far it goes in depends on the nature of the electron pairing, and changes as the material is cooled down further and further.

UNSW researchers show that it involves the splitting of electron pairs.

P - wave superconductivity has not been unambiguously seen yet since the anatomy of the electron pairs is difficult to establish.

But in the new technique, the energy of the electron pairs decreases as the excitation hops from molecule to molecule, so Forrest and colleagues end up with lower energy red light.

This boosts the energy level of electron pairs on the island, causing them to break their superconducting bond to one another and hop to a nearby probe, which then channels them to a detector.

A team of scientists has found evidence for a new type of electron pairing that may broaden the search for new high - temperature superconductors.

Exciton Science researchers show that it involves the splitting of electron pairs.

Not exact matches

At lower energies, however, cosmic rays contain a larger variety of particles like protons, electrons, and their antimatter counterparts: antiprotons and positrons, and it's these matter - antimatter pairs that AMS scientists study.

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Dark matter particles annihilating one another could theoretically produce pairs of electrons and positrons, but so can other sources, such as pulsars.

An ionized hydrogen atom, consisting of a proton shorn of its associated electron, can not undergo the 21 - centimeter transition discussed above, since that transition depends on the relative spins of the electron - proton pair.

In an ordinary superconductor, electrons, which carry a spin of 1/2, pair up and flow uninhibited with the help of vibrations in the atomic structure.

The effect appeared in a variety of transparent materials, says Jorio, and it was observed at room temperature, unlike electron pairing in superconductors.

Quarks are always paired up with other quarks, such that their total charge is an integer multiple of the electron's charge.

Depending on its nature, dark matter annihilation could sometimes yield detectable particles and antiparticles, such as electrons and positrons, or pairs of photons.

Still others spit out pairs of electrons and their antimatter counterparts, positrons.

Most significant was the September unveiling by Japanese researchers of a powerful linkage between two silicon atoms that share three pairs of electrons — a so - called triple bond.

The ridges cut into a new device's crystal (seen here in a scanning electron microscope image) collectively act as a pair of mirrors.

Chemists have long believed that elements heavier than neon could share only one pair of electrons.

They found that the two factors qualifying a material as a good catalyst are its hydrogen adsorption energy and the Lewis pair's hardness — a measurement of the difference between its ionization potential and electron affinity.

They found they could capture the essential features of these complicated materials, containing vast numbers of interacting electrons, with just a single rule: Electrons can move randomly from one atom to another within a given sample, but they can only move electrons, with just a single rule: Electrons can move randomly from one atom to another within a given sample, but they can only move Electrons can move randomly from one atom to another within a given sample, but they can only move in pairs.

This field generated electron - hole pairs in the adjacent dots; these pairs recombine, producing photons, the team reports in the 10 June issue of Nature.

The zirconium sapped the loyalty of the electrons bonding the nitrogen pairs, weakening the link between the two atoms and letting hydrogen weasel in and latch onto the nitrogen.

A quick flash of laser light aimed at the well generates pairs of electrons and positively charged «holes» in the middle layer.

Elementary chemistry distinguishes two kinds of strong bonds between atoms in molecules: the covalent bond, where bonding arises from valence electron pairs shared between neighboring atoms, and the ionic bond, where transfer of electrons from one atom to another leads to Coulombic attraction between the resulting ions.

So figuring out what is keeping electron pairs together at nearly 40 K in MgB2 has become the latest contest in the most competitive area of materials physics.

But in rare cases molecules with an even number of electrons can behave like radicals, because the arrangement of their atoms prevents all the electrons from finding partners with which to pair up.

In the first step, incoming photons — packets of light — are converted to pairs of negatively - charged electrons and corresponding positively - charged «holes» that then separate from each other.

Superconductivity is characterised by the way the electrons interact: within a superconductor electrons form pairs, and the spin alignment between the electrons of a pair may be different depending on the type — or «symmetry» — of superconductivity involved.

Physics and chemistry professor Ahmed Zewail and his colleagues at the California Institute of Technology married two previously independent lines of research: femtochemistry, in which pairs of brief laser pulses initiate and monitor a chemical reaction, and electron diffraction, in which a molecule's structure is determined from the scatter of electrons fired at a crystal containing billions of copies of that molecule.

The phenomenon of broken symmetry can only be explained if the electrons in this material form special Cooper pairs, namely spin - triplet pairs, instead of the usual spin - singlet pairs.

This cascading process occurs in many pairs of excited atoms, resulting in the emission of a large number of low - energy electrons.

Solid state physicists have previously described the microscopic theory of superconductivity — by relating superconductivity to the macroscopic occurrence of pairs of electrons bound into so - called Cooper pairs.

You and Bob also share a pair of electrons — you have one, Bob has the other — and they're in an entangled state such that if yours is spinning up, his is spinning down, and conversely.

Researchers have long recognized the promise of functional organic polymers, but until now have not been successful in developing an efficient electron - transport conducting polymer to pair with the established hole - transporting polymers.

Electrons zipping through a thin layer of strontium titanate interact and form pairs at higher temperatures than expected, researchers report in the May 14 Nature.

At the annual meeting of the American Physical Society and in the 12 March issue of Physical Review Letters, Kociak and his colleagues at the French national research agency CNRS and the Russian Academy of Sciences in Chernogolovka showed that empty nanotubes can also carry electron pairs between nonsuperconducting electrodes (in this case, metal pads made from a sandwich of aluminum oxide, platinum, and gold).

But whereas those materials were made up of covalent bonds — in which pairs of atoms share electrons — these 2 - D metals are composed of metallic bonds, where electrons flow more freely among atoms.

The magnetism is associated with the localization of electrons, whereas superconductivity is a state in which electrons are paired and can flow without resistance.

The gamma rays can also be stopped in their tracks if they collide with other photons to produce pairs of electrons and their antiparticles.

Now, a pair of scientists from the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory and Ludwig Maximilian University in Munich have proposed the first solution to such subatomic stoppage: a novel way to create a more robust electron wave by binding together the electron's direction of movement and its spin.

Yellow circles represent a pair of superconducting electrons (Cooper pair).

A few years ago, researchers from the University of Cambridge showed that it was possible to create electron pairs in which the spins are aligned: up - up or down - down.

In a conventional superconductor electrons with opposite spins are paired together so that a flow of electrons carries zero spin.

Now, the same researchers have found a set of materials which encourage the pairing of spin - aligned electrons, so that a spin current flows more effectively in the superconducting state than in the non-superconducting (normal) state.

To do that Alice and Bob can share an additional pair of electrons connected by a special quantum link called entanglement.

When a high - energy electron (a beta particle) is created during a double - beta decay, that electron will scatter off other electrons and create electron - hole pairs that move inside the germanium and create a pulse of charge inside the detector.

That measurement breaks the entanglement between the pair of electrons that she and Bob share.