As a graduate student at Princeton University, Moshe Pritsker tried in vain to grow a culture
of embryonic stem cells from instructions laid out in the methods section of a journal article.
Not exact matches
James Thomson
of the University
of Wisconsin and Shinya Yamanaka
of Kyoto, Japan, discovered a way to produce
embryonic stem cells directly
from adult
cells.
Not surprisingly, President Obama received high marks
from the journal, largely because his response to the question
of whether he would lift Bush's ban on the federal funding
of new
embryonic stem -
cell lines is in line with the view
of most in the scientific community.
The National Institutes
of Health (NIH) has allowed a contract for the dissemination
of embryonic stem cell lines approved for US government funding to lapse, shuttering a key
stem cell bank, and doubling the price researchers pay for samples
of some human
embryonic stem cell (hESC) line...
from $ 500 per vial
of frozen
cells to $ 1,000.
Well it seems like Ivan can relax, Michael Peroski has just solved all
of our problems: Proceeding
from ideology - driven inquiry entails starting
from an answer: «Research on human
embryonic stem cell should be forbidden because embryos are equivalent to human lives» and working....
A very significant step away
from embryonic stem -
cell research was taken recently when a previously forthright advocate
of such research softened his stance on other ethical alternatives.
On his website he writes: «
Embryonic stem (ES)
cells are pluripotent
stem cells derived
from inner
cell mass
of mammalian blastocysts.
In 2005, before a Congressional hearing in the U.S., Prof. George Q. Daley
of Harvard spoke forcefully and influentially about the necessity for
embryonic stem -
cell research to go ahead, and dismissed suggestions that one could work instead with «induced pluripotent
stem cells» («iPS», i.e.
stem cells reprogrammed
from some
cells of a living adult).
Less incredible, and perhaps only to be expected, is the news that Peter Jackson and Fran Walsh, the dynamic duo who brought The Lord
of the Rings to the silver screen, have donated $ 310,000
from the movie's profits to fund human
embryonic stem -
cell research.
(In many ways it is worse than when John Edwards said in 2004 that if people voted for John Kerry, people like Christopher Reeve would get out
of their wheelchairs and walk
from embryonic stem cell therapies.)
While scientists have previously had success in 3D printing a range
of human
stem cell cultures developed
from bone marrow or skin
cells, a team
from Scotland's Heriot - Watt University claims to be the first to print the more delicate, yet more flexible, human
embryonic stem cells (hESCs).
From the
embryonic stem cells, the researchers produced a type
of tissue called retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).
The researchers detected this SMN long noncoding RNA, or lnc - RNA (pronounced «link RNA») for short, in human
embryonic kidney
cells, brain
cell samples and neurons derived
from the
stem cells of healthy people and those with spinal muscular atrophy type I and II.
Da Cruz and his team grew replacement RPE
cells from human
embryonic stem cells on a thin plastic scaffold, before transplanting the tissue into the back
of each volunteer's eye.
Trials
of cells made
from human
embryonic stem cells are also poised to begin in people with type 1 diabetes and heart failure, the first time
embryonic stem cells have been used in the treatment
of major lethal diseases.
Some scientists had claimed that the lymphatic system was derived
from specialized
stem cells called angioblasts, whereas others had argued that it originated by the differentiation
of pre-existing
embryonic veins.
Faced with an often - hostile Congress, Obama enacted many
of his signature policies by executive order —
from reversing restrictions on research with human
embryonic stem cells to helping communities prepare for climate change.
For example, a consortium
of research groups called the London Project to Cure Blindness aims to test RPE transplants
from embryonic stem cells in patients with macular degeneration this year.
Oliver Brüstle, director
of the Institute
of Reconstructive Neurobiology at the University
of Bonn, Germany, who had a patent on a method for generating neurons
from human
embryonic stem cells rejected by the court, called the ruling «the worst possible outcome», and «a disaster for Europe».
Using a mathematical model known as the Ising model, invented to describe phase transitions in statistical physics, such as how a substance changes
from liquid to gas, the Johns Hopkins researchers calculated the probability distribution
of methylation along the genome in several different human
cell types, including normal and cancerous colon, lung and liver
cells, as well as brain, skin, blood and
embryonic stem cells.
But the factor that may make the discovery very significant is that umbilical cord blood can be saved, stored and multiplied without any
of the ethical dilemmas facing
embryonic stem cell use, which are derived
from human fetuses.
For example, animal studies have shown that neurons derived in the lab
from human
embryonic stem cells improve Parkinson's symptoms; however, any residual
stem cells associated with those neurons could form masses
of unwanted
cells.
* Note
from Next Wave's German editor: Current German law prohibits the production
of embryonic stem cells, but has a loophole that allows their import.
Research involving the derivation and use
of embryonic stem (ES)
cells is permissible only where there is strong scientific merit in, and potential medical benefit
from, such research.
In addition, where
cells derived
from embryonic stem cells are great at proliferating — a potentially critical feature if one wants to grow sufficient numbers
of cells for clinical use — ones
from the iPS lines were much feebler.
Stem cells from breast milk can grow into many other kinds of human tissue, raising hopes of an ethical source of embryonic - like stem c
Stem cells from breast milk can grow into many other kinds
of human tissue, raising hopes
of an ethical source
of embryonic - like
stem c
stem cells
Freed expects transplants
of neurons derived
from embryonic stem cells to enter the clinical arena soon as well.
The act
of reprogramming
cells to make them as capable as ones
from embryos apparently can result in aberrant
cells that age and die abnormally, suggesting there is a long way to go to prove such
cells are really like
embryonic stem cells and can find use in therapies.
Eighteen adults with severe eye disease who were among the first people to receive transplants created
from human
embryonic stem cells (hESCs) continue to have no apparent complications with the introduced
cells after an average
of nearly 2 years, according to the latest status report on their health.
In people with severe eye disease, transplants made
from embryonic stem cells (in region
of black dotted circle) appear safe, and became larger and more pigmented over time (right).
ERRORS have occurred in a type
of stem cell that could be used instead
of embryonic stem cells — and in tissues made
from them.
The patch is made
of eye
cells made
from human
embryonic stem cells, and it has been designed for treating the «dry» form
of macular degeneration, which accounts for 90 per cent
of all cases, and affects 1.7 million people in the US.
That breakthrough was one
of a six - year chain
of discoveries that included his 2007 work demonstrating the nuclear transfer method to create
embryonic stem cells from a nonhuman primate.
The
stem cells, derived
from human umbilical cord - blood and coaxed into an
embryonic - like state, were grown without the conventional use
of viruses, which can mutate genes and initiate cancers, according to the scientists.
Next, the research team will examine specifically whether these liver
cells obtained
from human
embryonic stem cells in a dish help repair injured livers in preclinical animal models
of liver disease.
Twelve people with Stargardt's macular dystrophy will be treated with retinal
cells made
from human
embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in the hope
of improving, or at least halting loss
of sight.
In May 2013, Mitalipov was the first scientist in the world to demonstrate the successful use
of somatic
cell nuclear transfer, or SCNT, to produce human
embryonic stem cells from an individual's skin
cell.
During
embryonic development
of mice, however, the situation is different: To build up the system, all mature blood and immune
cells develop much more rapidly and almost completely
from stem cells.
«We can work with any
embryonic stem cell line
from any source and are not restricted to working with the very small number
of federally approved lines as is the case for researchers in the United States,» says Minger.
Researchers already envision transplanting ready - made
embryonic stem cells back into people, providing cures for a huge range
of diseases,
from diabetes to paralysis to Alzheimer's.
To see whether cancer
stem cell renewal involves a chain
of events similar to that used by
embryonic stem cells, and whether the process was affected by oxygen levels, Semenza and graduate student Chuanzhao Zhang focused their studies on two human breast cancer
cell lines that responded to low oxygen by ramping up production
of the protein ALKBH5, which removes methyl groups
from mRNAs.
The research team used mass spectrometry to compare phosphorylation
of proteins
from mouse
embryonic stem cells with fully functioning GSK - 3 to
cells in which the gene encoding GSK - 3 had been deleted.
Further investigation, says Resar, showed that these unusual properties arise
from the ability
of HMGA1 to turn on several genes involved in the Wnt pathway, a network
of proteins necessary for
embryonic development and
stem cell activity.
Of course, such
embryonic stem cells are not available in adult patients, so being able to create them
from regular
cells is an important step.
The paper doesn't include any genetic analysis
of the final eggs that confirms they are healthy, notes Mitinori Saitou, a
stem cell biologist at Kyoto University in Japan whose team developed methods to create mouse egg
cells from embryonic or reprogrammed
stem cells.
The success is thanks to neurons cultivated
from embryonic stem cells and the right «cocktail»
of ingredients to guide
cell development.
For the purpose
of additional experiments, the researchers generated myocardial
cells from embryonic stem cells and human skin
cells, in collaboration with the lab headed by Prof Dr Jürgen Hescheler at the University
of Cologne.
Newcastle University and the NorthEast England
Stem Cell Institute are aware that the research paper «Derivation
of Human Sperm
from Embryonic Stem Cells» by a group led by Professor Karim Nayernia has been withdrawn
from the academic journal
Stem Cells and Development.
At the University
of Washington, Hannele Ruohola - Baker, professor
of biochemistry and associate director
of the Institute for
Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Julie Mathieu, acting instructor and Henrik Sperber, graduate student, withdraw embryonic stem cell lines from liquid nitrogen stor
Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Julie Mathieu, acting instructor and Henrik Sperber, graduate student, withdraw embryonic stem cell lines from liquid nitrogen stor
Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Julie Mathieu, acting instructor and Henrik Sperber, graduate student, withdraw
embryonic stem cell lines from liquid nitrogen stor
stem cell lines from liquid nitrogen stor
cell lines
from liquid nitrogen storage.
On the other hand, the problem is, you know, with
embryonic stem cells, they haven't been able to get
stem cell lines
from livestock animals that can proliferate in that way, without just sort
of veering up in their own direction and turning into, instead
of muscle, turning into brain tissue or bone tissue or something else.