Sentences with phrase «of emission abatement»

In fact, even though they consistently exaggerate the economic costs of emission abatement, all of the economic models show that the economic impact of ratifying the Kyoto Protocol would be disappearingly small.

It should not, therefore, be surprising that formal efforts to weigh the near - term costs of emissions abatement against the long - term benefits from avoided global warming show few net benefits, even in theory.

The economic benefits are well known: By letting markets work, a tax achieves a given amount of emissions abatement at the lowest cost.

Not exact matches

The objectives of the report were to understand the technology options Australia has at its disposal to meet its emissions abatement commitments under the 2015 Paris Agreement as well as provide new economic opportunities for Australian industry.

We partnered with the Department of Environment & Energy to develop a comprehensive analysis of the technology options available to help Australia meet its emissions abatement targets and create new opportunities for Australian industry.

«The Commission is concerned that over-reliance on international offsets — given the practical difficulty of assuring that emissions reductions claimed in other countries are real, permanent, additional, and verifiable — could undermine program goals and political support, especially if substantial U.S. funds are leaving the country to support abatement efforts abroad rather than at home,» it states.

The countries are aiming to set up a so - called Methane Abatement Facility with pledges of $ 100 million under the auspices of the World Bank to buy and cancel carbon credits, initially from projects that cut emissions at landfill waste sites.

They scrutinized adaptation plans which incorporate urban planning and development actions that lead to the abatement or reduction of vulnerability to climate change, and mitigation plans that include actions such as improved energy efficiency and renewable energy generation to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

We present the first global analysis of the costs of abating the estimated 76 million tonnes of methane emitted worldwide each year in oil and gas operations, which suggest that 40 - 50 % of these emissions can be mitigated at no net cost, because the value of the captured methane could cover the abatement measures.

First, this framing draws unfounded distinctions between GHG emissions abatement and carbon removal approaches, and risks painting carbon removal as an alternative to GHG emission abatement instead of the complement that it is.

Carbon dioxide data from Pieter Tans, «Trends in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide — Mauna Loa,» NOAA / ESRL, at www.cmdl.noaa.gov, viewed 16 October 2007, with historical estimate in data from Seth Dunn, «Carbon Emissions Dip,» in Worldwatch Institute, Vital Signs 1999 (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1999), pp. 60 — 61; fossil fuel emissions calculated from International Energy Agency, World Energy Outlook 2006 (Paris: 2006), p. 493; deforestation emissions from Vattenfall, Global Mapping of Greenhouse Gas Abatement Opportunities up to 2030: Forestry Sector Deep - Dive (Stockholm: June 2007Emissions Dip,» in Worldwatch Institute, Vital Signs 1999 (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1999), pp. 60 — 61; fossil fuel emissions calculated from International Energy Agency, World Energy Outlook 2006 (Paris: 2006), p. 493; deforestation emissions from Vattenfall, Global Mapping of Greenhouse Gas Abatement Opportunities up to 2030: Forestry Sector Deep - Dive (Stockholm: June 2007emissions calculated from International Energy Agency, World Energy Outlook 2006 (Paris: 2006), p. 493; deforestation emissions from Vattenfall, Global Mapping of Greenhouse Gas Abatement Opportunities up to 2030: Forestry Sector Deep - Dive (Stockholm: June 2007emissions from Vattenfall, Global Mapping of Greenhouse Gas Abatement Opportunities up to 2030: Forestry Sector Deep - Dive (Stockholm: June 2007), p. 27.

Accounting for emissions from indirect land - use change pushes up abatement costs for agricultural biofuels to between # 215 and # 5,540 ($ 330 - 8,500) per tonne of CO2e depending on the feedstock used, says the report.

On this page... Boiling water CO2 abatement calculation CO2 calculated from distance travelled CO2 calculated from electricity used CO2 calculated from fuel used CO2 per person for a range of cars Greenhouse emissions by transport type Technical data Top Useful links

The SkyShares model enables users to relate a target limit for temperature change to a global emissions ceiling; to allocate this emissions budget across countries using different policy rules; and then uses estimated marginal abatement costs to calculate the costs faced by each country of decarbonising to meet its emissions budget, with the costs for each country depending in part on whether and how much carbon trading is allowed.

An emissions price path with this property precludes all opportunities for arbitrage because the discounted marginal cost of abatement is constant across time.

Differences in carbon prices can be attributed to differences in reference scenario emissions, and thus the level of abatement required, along with differences in the cost of abatement technologies.

Advocates of CCS argue that bringing down the costs of the new technologies will enable CCS to exploit its full emission abatement potential and contribute to sustainable, secure and competitive energy.

Prior to joining the Paulson Institute, Kevin was the director of the China Buildings Program with the Energy Foundation for over five years, managing a grant portfolio of building energy efficiency, green buildings, appliance energy efficiency, and non-CO2 emissions abatement.

In the 1980s, tradable - permit systems were used to accomplish the phasedown of lead in gasoline -(at a savings of about $ 250 million per year), and to facilitate the phaseout of ozone - depleting chloroflourocarbons (CFCs); and in the 1990's, tradable permits were used to implement stricter air pollution controls in the Los Angeles metropolitan region, and — most important of all — a cap - and - trade system was adopted to reduce sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions and consequent acid rain by 50 percent under the Clean Air Act amendments of 1990 (saving about $ 1 billion per year in abatement costs).

To reconcile a century of 3 percent growth with the more ambitious goal of reducing resource consumption and pollutant emissions, the abatement of resource and emissions intensity would have to be even more drastic.

When denominated by such indicators, all responsible projections indicate that we expect to be made worse off by coercive policies to force immediate, aggressive abatement of carbon dioxide emissions.

A considered panel of the world's most eminent pure market economists concluded that of 15 different systems for cutting emissions, the three worst, the three least effective, the three most costly per tonne of abatement were variations of the carbon tax or ETS.

This approach seeks reduction efforts that are fair for all industrialized countries, by equally sharing the marginal abatement costs of greenhouse gas emission reductions, aiming at a 25 percent reduction from 1990 for these countries.

We need new policies, regulatory frameworks, and institutions focused on four areas: creating market - based incentives to innovate and raise carbon productivity; addressing market failures that prevent abatement opportunities from being captured profitably; resolving issues of allocation and fairness, in particular between the developed and developing worlds and between industry sectors; and accelerating progress to avoid missing critical emissions targets.

Chichilnisky, Graciela (1993): The abatement of carbon emissions in industrial and developing countries.

The majority of CDM projects favour cheap emissions abatement to the detriment of the sustainable development requirement.

The KliK Foundation funds abatement measures at Swiss landfills through the purchase of certified emission reductions.

I also found it interesting to see the less than strident call for abatement of carbon dioxide emissions at the time those papers were published.

The Investment Summary Report notes the fraction of funding that reduce carbon emissions (overall 80 %) for energy efficiency (57 %), clean & renewable energy (15 %), and GHG abatement (8 %) programs.

Costs and benefits of the proposed mitigation policy compared with no mitigation policy Item; Units; Optimal Carbon Price; Low - cost backstop; Table Benefits (Reduced damages); 2006 US $ trillion; 5.23; 17.63; 5 - 3 Abatement Cost; 2007 US $ trillion; 2.16; 0.44; 5 - 3 Net Benefit of policy; 2005 US $ trillion; 3.37; 17.19; 5 - 1 Implied CO2 Tax; 2005 US $ / ton C; 202.4; 4.1; 5 - 1 CO2 emissions in 2100; Gt C / a; 11; 0; 5 - 6 CO2 concentration in 2100; ppm CO2; 586; 340; 5 - 7 Global temperature change in 2100; °C from 1900; 2.61; 0.9; 5 - 1

Item Optimal Carbon Price Low - cost backstop Benefits (Reduced damages) 5.23 17.63 Abatement Cost 2.16 0.44 Net Benefit of policy 3.37 17.19 Implied CO2 Tax 202.4 4.1 CO2 emissions in 2100 (Gt C / a) 11 0 CO2 concentration in 2100 (ppm CO2) 586 340 Global temperature change in 2100 (°C from 1900) 2.61 0.9

Climate policy through the abatement of greenhouse gas emissions is important, given the likelihood that continued warming of the planet could lead to other (sometimes irreversible) impacts in second half of the 21st century.

This example brings us all the way back to the start of my essay, and the central problem for advocates of aggressive emissions abatement advocates: despite the rhetoric, the projected damages from global warming just don't appear to justify the costs of the proposed remedy.

Allen seems to either imply that all the other cheaper and / or competitive abatement solutions are «a waste of money», OR he is advocating to set the eventual price signal higher than most economists think it needs be to get large reductions in emissions.

The emissions price must also rise at roughly the rate of interest (about five percent) over time (to equate the discounted marginal abatement costs at different points in time).

Of all the low - emission energy sources, cracking the Holy Grail of carbon abatement from coal could turn out to be the most lucrative business opportunity in the entire low - emission energy fielOf all the low - emission energy sources, cracking the Holy Grail of carbon abatement from coal could turn out to be the most lucrative business opportunity in the entire low - emission energy fielof carbon abatement from coal could turn out to be the most lucrative business opportunity in the entire low - emission energy field.

In 2000 the population was 281million and CO2 generation was 5,620 million tons, for a per capita CO2 generation of 20.0 tons (so per capita CO2 emission has decreased quite a bit without any specific CO2 abatement measures).

Addition of a new oil and gas methane model to estimate emissions levels and abatement opportunities and costs for methane emissions from oil and gas operations globally.

The Department of Commerce, in consultation with the Washington State University (WSU) Extension Energy Program, will analyze carbon reduction opportunities which may include a marginal abatement cost curve providing guidance on the cost to reduce emissions in various sectors with various technologies.

Total emissions abatement of 150 Mt CO2 — e are contracted for as a result of the three ERF auctions thus far.

A «baseline - and - credit guy» who wants to replicate Bob Carr's Greenhouse Gas Abatement Scheme, the director of consulting firm Frontier Economics doesn't like emissions trading.

This is based on a cumulative abatement target for a reduction of 5 % of emissions by 2020.

The Global Methane Initiative (GMI) is a voluntary, multilateral partnership that aims to reduce global methane emissions and to advance the abatement, recovery, and use of methane as a valuable clean energy source.

While the introduction of a tax - based mitigation system would take the world significantly forward, the Review has come to the view that only an international agreement that explicitly distributes the abatement burden across countries by allocating internationally tradable emissions entitlements has any chance of achieving the depth, speed and breadth of action that is now required in all major emitters, including developing countries.

A moderate mitigation policy targeting emissions from both the agricultural and land - use change sectors with a carbon price of US$ 10 per tCO2e could lead to an abatement of 3,223 MtCO2e ⋅ y − 1.

IEA publications — including their regular and widely read World Energy Outlook and Energy Technologies Perspective — have long emphasized the leading role that energy efficiency can play in reducing global carbon emissions, contributing «about 40 % of the CO2 abatement needed by 2050» according to the new report.

See this link: http://scienceblogs.com/illconsidered/2006/04/hansen-has-been-wrong-before.php Notice that while it may look close to Scenario C, that was actually the scenario of «concerted, worldwide emissions abatement».

«The Kyoto Protocol and the Emergence of «Contraction and Convergence» as a Framework for an International Political Solution to Greenhouse Gas Emissions Abatement,» in O. Hohmeyer and K. Rennings, (eds.)

«The uncertainty concerning the demand for allowances is especially large at the beginning of any program,» the MIT study found, «because it reflects not only the usual unpredictable variables of economic activity, weather, and energy prices, but also, and perhaps most importantly, the amount of abatement that will take place in response to the new price on emissions.

He suggests that since the Copenhagen failure in 2009, the prospects for substantial emission - abatement policies in the foreseeable future are so low that the availability of a substitute could not drive them any lower.