Given the present source
of ethanol in the U.S., it is a bad environmental bet.
When EPA green - lighted E15 use, it knew E15 vehicle testing was ongoing but decided not to wait for the results — most likely to raise the permissible concentration level
of ethanol in fuels so that greater volumes could be used, as required by the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS).
Interest in reviving and expanding the usage
of ethanol in cars today has grown, in part, because of its perceived climate benefit.
Argonne Nat» l Labs did an analysis and found the use of 6.5 billion gallons
of ethanol in the US in 2007 reduced greenhouse gas emissions by nearly 10 million tons and that E85 alone contributes to a 20 % reduction in ozone forming pollution and a 30 % reduction in greenhouse gas emissions.
Per your argument, you would have replaced 10 % of your pool - 1 gallon
of ethanol in 10 gallons of product.
Brazil is attractive to Amyris because it is the second - largest producer
of ethanol in the world; while the company will make hydrocarbons, not ethanol, it will use the country's existing infrastructure for growing and processing sugarcane.
But what does declining gasoline consumption imply about the percentage
of ethanol in the blend pool?
As a result, we exported 1.2 billion gallons
of ethanol in 2011.
On the other hand, 75 percent expressed concern about government requirements that would increase the amount
of ethanol in gasoline, while 72 percent oppose higher taxes that could decrease investment in energy production and reduce energy development.
Replacing MTBE by ethanol requires only a percent
of ethanol in gasoline.
The history of the RFS is that EPA's enthusiasm for the program has seen the agency mandate ever - increasing volumes
of ethanol in the fuel supply, potentially putting consumers at risk by pushing fuels into the marketplace that could damage the engines of vehicles, motorcycles, boats and small power equipment.
A new national API poll shows that American voters have serious concerns about the Renewable Fuel Standard and its mandates for ever - increasing levels
of ethanol in the nation's fuel supply.
Key findings from the survey of 1,000 registered voters include 74 percent agreeing that federal regulations could contribute to increased costs for gasoline to consumers and 68 percent who're concerned about government regulations that would increase the amount
of ethanol in gasoline.
«We're at the point where refiners are being pressured to put unsafe levels
of ethanol in gasoline, which could damage vehicles, harm consumers and wreak havoc on our economy.»
Mandates in recent energy legislation have ordered increasing amounts
of ethanol in the nation's fuel mix.
The corn crop in the US will help to supply the required 18 billion gallons
of ethanol in 2016, which will add to the strain of devoting more environmental resources to produce corn.
We've been talking about flaws in the RFS for some time, and the chorus of voices has grown because requiring increasing volumes
of ethanol in the nation's fuel supply could affect vehicle owners, consumers paying for fuel and food, the environment and the global food supply.
Currently the cost and performance
of ethanol in terms of CO2 emissions avoided is unfavourable, except for production from sugarcane in low - wage countries (Figure TS.16)(medium agreement, medium evidence)[5.3.1].
The US has now crossed the point where more corn is being used for ethanol production than for feeding people producing 206.5 million barrels
of ethanol in 2010.
However, if the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) requirements continue to be implemented, our nation could exceed this level
of ethanol in the fuel mix.
They dropped their own blend
of ethanol in gasoline from 25 % to 20 %.
... ``....3 minutes ago «The Rise of Wind Power in Texas — Scientific American http://www.scientificamerican.com/…... Apr 14, 2017... Wind generation accounted for nearly 23 percent of power generation for the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) in the first quarter of...»... 6 minutes ago «Iowa — State Energy Profile Overview — U.S. Energy Information... http://www.eia.gov/state/?sid=IA Mar 16, 2017... Iowa, the largest producer
of ethanol in the United States, had 25.9 % of... Wind provided 36.6 % of Iowa's total electricity generation in 2016,...»... ``....
The American Lung Association believes that air quality and public health may be harmed by the increased use of mid-range blends
of ethanol in vehicles and engines that are not designed to use such fuels.
A decade ago Congress passed legislation creating the federal Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS)-- requiring escalating volumes
of ethanol in the U.S. fuel supply — that was intended in part to help reduce crude oil imports while capitalizing the supposed environmental advantages of ethanol.
The RFS calls for more than 30 billion gallons
of ethanol in 10 years, half of that coming from cellulose.
A federal appeals court rejected challenges to prevent the increase
of ethanol in gasoline.
Also, if cold start enrichment is required for ethanol engines, then it does definitely emit VOCs, as
all of the ethanol in a rich mixture can not burn.
These vehicles have an extra sensor that in layman's terms shines a light through the fuel into an eye that can determine the amount the light «flexes» as it passes through the fuel and can adjust the fuel / air ratio of the engine according to the amount
of ethanol in the fuel.
When the Tasmanian flies basked in 26 - degree climes, their alcohol tolerance — the percentage
of ethanol in solution needed to kill half of them within 48 hours — dropped from 13.2 % ethanol to 8.8 % ethanol.
A proposal to reduce the amount
of ethanol in gas could mean big changes for gas prices and grocery bills.
Not exact matches
When former U.S. vice-president Al Gore said last fall that his earlier enthusiasm for corn - based
ethanol production
in the United States was a mistake, he was conceding something that had long been obvious: the practice
of diverting food crops to biofuels has contributed to food shortages and driven up prices for staples across the globe.
Because labeling laws on homeopathy are so different from regulations on real medicine with proven ingredients, the only actual drug
in a bottle
of homeopathic medicine —
ethanol, the same active ingredient
in vodka — doesn't have to be listed as a drug.
An
ethanol and biodiesel refinery to be built
in Innisfail promised to be the largest
of its kind
in North America.
With the help
of government subsidies, companies are investing
in converting wood fibre (known as biomass) into
ethanol and diesel.
There are an estimated 65,000
of the older cars, known as DOT - 111s, currently hauling oil or
ethanol in a largely integrated North American fleet — up to a third
of which are being used
in Canada at any given time.
«I'm sure if you asked industry, they're going to say it's ambitious
in terms
of the amount
of goods that are being moved
in crude or
in ethanol currently.»
Much
of the ETBE used
in Japan is already made
in the United States using Brazilian sugarcane
ethanol, so the new rules should make it easy for producers to switch quickly to U.S. corn - based sources.
There are
ethanol plants where the source
of funding was the local community: A few thousand families all put
in, say, $ 10,000 each.
«
In the mid-80s, some
of them mortgaged their family farms to buy bankrupt
ethanol plants.
(Most gasoline contains 10 %
ethanol, but regulators have approached E-15 (15 %
ethanol) for use
in vehicles manufactured from 2001 on, and all new car warranties approve the use
of E-15.)
We're hoping to make E-15 the standard, and
in the meantime we're working with innovative retailers to offer a new choice
of fuel that has a 15 % blend
of ethanol.»
Clayton explains that small - to - medium size farmers «want the EPA off their backs, regulatory-wise» and at the same time don't want to see changes
in terms
of ethanol.
But that volatility, as Ghosh likes to note, is the upside
of the integrated nature
of the company, which gives it a continued hedge against the differential
in world oil prices through its downstream and midstream assets — on the midstream side, Husky operates a 2,000 - kilometre crude - oil pipeline system, and its downstream operations include upgrading and refining crude oil, and marketing gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, asphalt and
ethanol in Canada and the United States.
His chief patron is Bruce Rastetter, CEO
of the sprawling Summit Agriculture Group, a major Iowa pork and
ethanol producer with interests
in Brazil.
The nation's energy policy calls for so much
ethanol that it consumes 40 %
of the corn produced
in the United States.
An assessment paid for by DuPont said that the
ethanol it will produce there could be more than 100 per cent better than gasoline
in terms
of greenhouse gas emissions.
Subsidies could also impact your grocery bill
in the near future: the diversion
of soybeans, corn and other edibles to
ethanol production leaves less farmland to feed an every - growing world population.
«The study says it will be very hard to make a biofuel that has a better greenhouse gas impact than gasoline using corn residue,» which puts it
in the same boat as corn - based
ethanol, said David Tilman, a professor at the University
of Minnesota who has done research on biofuels» emissions from the farm to the tailpipe.
Later this year the company is scheduled to finish a $ 200 million - plus facility
in Nevada, Iowa, that will produce 30 million gallons
of cellulosic
ethanol using corn residue from nearby farms.
In response, the Asian giant proposed fresh duties on as much as $ 3 billion
of U.S. products, including wine, fruits, nuts,
ethanol and steel pipes.