On the other hand, 75 percent expressed concern about government requirements that would increase the amount
of ethanol in gasoline, while 72 percent oppose higher taxes that could decrease investment in energy production and reduce energy development.
Replacing MTBE by ethanol requires only a percent
of ethanol in gasoline.
Key findings from the survey of 1,000 registered voters include 74 percent agreeing that federal regulations could contribute to increased costs for gasoline to consumers and 68 percent who're concerned about government regulations that would increase the amount
of ethanol in gasoline.
«We're at the point where refiners are being pressured to put unsafe levels
of ethanol in gasoline, which could damage vehicles, harm consumers and wreak havoc on our economy.»
They dropped their own blend
of ethanol in gasoline from 25 % to 20 %.
A federal appeals court rejected challenges to prevent the increase
of ethanol in gasoline.
Not exact matches
(Most
gasoline contains 10 %
ethanol, but regulators have approached E-15 (15 %
ethanol) for use
in vehicles manufactured from 2001 on, and all new car warranties approve the use
of E-15.)
But that volatility, as Ghosh likes to note, is the upside
of the integrated nature
of the company, which gives it a continued hedge against the differential
in world oil prices through its downstream and midstream assets — on the midstream side, Husky operates a 2,000 - kilometre crude - oil pipeline system, and its downstream operations include upgrading and refining crude oil, and marketing
gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, asphalt and
ethanol in Canada and the United States.
An assessment paid for by DuPont said that the
ethanol it will produce there could be more than 100 per cent better than
gasoline in terms
of greenhouse gas emissions.
«The study says it will be very hard to make a biofuel that has a better greenhouse gas impact than
gasoline using corn residue,» which puts it
in the same boat as corn - based
ethanol, said David Tilman, a professor at the University
of Minnesota who has done research on biofuels» emissions from the farm to the tailpipe.
WASHINGTON, DC — Today the Grocery Manufacturers Association (GMA), as part
of a coalition
of food, farm and oil industry groups, filed a petition with the U.S. Supreme Court asking that it reverse the DC Circuit Court's August 2012 decision to dismiss its challenge to the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) decision to allow
gasoline containing 15 percent
ethanol («E15») to be sold for cars manufactured
in the 2007 model year or later.
Right now
ethanol is used mostly as a fuel additive; about one - third
of the
gasoline sold
in the United States contains a shot
of ethanol (about 10 percent, typically) to reduce automobile emissions.
Brazil, on the other hand, has managed to provide 40 percent
of its transportation fuel from sugarcane - derived
ethanol and helped develop the flex - fuel technology that now allows drivers
in the U.S. to switch between
gasoline and the biofuel.
Cellulosic
ethanol — fuel derived from woody plants and waste biomass — has the potential to become an affordable, renewable transportation fuel that rivals
gasoline, but lignin, one
of the most ubiquitous components
of the plant cell wall, gets
in the way.
Shifts
in the use
of gasoline and
ethanol to fuel vehicles
in Sao Paulo created a unique atmospheric chemistry experiment
Several US states, such as California, have laws requiring a 20 % -30 %
ethanol blend
in gasoline, which also helps reduce emissions
of ultrafine particulate matter.
However, the health
of the entire population pays a high price: substitution
of gasoline for
ethanol leads to a 30 % increase
in the atmospheric concentration
of ultrafine particulate matter, which consists
of particles with a diameter
of less than 50 nanometers (nm).
Indresh Mathur, Ph.D., who gave one
of the talks, explained that cars on streets and highways
in the U.S. run on a mixture
of 90 percent unleaded
gasoline and 10 percent
ethanol.
As attorney general, Pruitt
in 2013 filed a friend
of the court brief with the U.S. Supreme Court
in which he argued the EPA ignored the risks that
gasoline with more than 10 percent
ethanol can pose to cars» fuel systems as well as the RFS requirement's possible effect on food prices.
Actually, MacCready predicts that the big market
in the coming decade or two may not be so much for all - electric cars as for hybrid cars designed to run on batteries
in pollution - choked cities and on
gasoline — or natural gas, or
ethanol, or hydrogen, or some other range - extending fuel — on long highway trips (though the way Americans drive now, 90 percent
of all car trips fall within Impact's 120 - mile range).
A Northwestern University study by an economist and a chemist reports that when fuel prices drove residents
of São Paulo, Brazil, to mostly switch from
ethanol to
gasoline in their flexible - fuel vehicles, local ozone levels dropped 20 percent.
During two episodes
of high sugar prices
in 2010 and again
in 2011, the price
of ethanol increased, causing consumers to switch their fuel usage to
gasoline.
Gasoline prices
in Brazil are controlled by the government, and the domestic sugar price — and therefore the domestic price
of ethanol — is determined by the world sugar price.
«One
of the most important concerns with regard to the integrity
of pipelines and tanks is the propensity
of ethanol at concentrations above 20 volume percent
in gasoline to cause cracking
of steel,» explains Narasi Sridhar, vice president, director
of the materials program at Det Norske Veritas.
The second is that someone will ask the candidate whether he or she supports the Renewable Fuel Standard, or RFS: the federal program that, among other things, requires all
gasoline sold
in this country to contain a minimum amount
of «renewable biofuel» — which
in Iowa,
of course, means corn - based
ethanol.
I read an article about a month ago about why it is believed many racers will be using
ethanol in the future instead
of gasoline (I'm not talking nitro based racing).
It's said that
ethanol is capable
of more power than
gasoline in an engine exclusively designed for it.
If
ethanol safely supports a 15:1 CR
in a naturally - aspirated application where
gasoline can only go up to 10:1 before detonation becomes a concern, one can expect the effective working pressure to improve by up to 50 % (
of course, the engine's compression ratio will physically have to be altered to take advantage
of ethanol).
For the purposes
of this question, the impact
of gasoline vs
ethanol will be felt as a change
in effective working pressure.
All auto
gasoline in the US contains a 10 %
ethanol mix as
of 2007.
E85, a mixture
of 85 percent
ethanol and 15 percent unleaded
gasoline, is an alternative fuel for use
in flexible fuel vehicles (FFVs).
In this study, we evaluate transportation impacts and infrastructure requirements for the use of E85 (85 % ethanol, 15 % gasoline) in light - duty vehicles using a combination of corn and cellulosic ethano
In this study, we evaluate transportation impacts and infrastructure requirements for the use
of E85 (85 %
ethanol, 15 %
gasoline)
in light - duty vehicles using a combination of corn and cellulosic ethano
in light - duty vehicles using a combination
of corn and cellulosic
ethanol.
Furthermore, the Brazilian subsidiary began producing flex - fuel versions for the Civic and the Fit models, capable
of running on any blend
of gasoline (E20 to E25 blend
in Brazil) and
ethanol up to E100.
As part
of the series» «green racing» initiative, the most successful team
in ALMS history is using a blend
of 85 percent
ethanol and 15 percent
gasoline in the demanding arena
of endurance road racing.
All that and more, plus a preview
of Autoline This Week about whether using
ethanol in gasoline hurts our food supply.
Doug Fehan: «The performance level
of E85 compared to
gasoline, when we look at a gallon - to - gallon comparison, there is about 20 percent less energy
in a gallon
of ethanol than
in a gallon
of gasoline.
«When we raced at Infineon Raceway
in 2004, California regulations required
ethanol as an additive, so all
of the race cars» fuel lines and seals were already compatible with
gasoline /
ethanol fuel.
Legislation requires retailers to label fuels containing
ethanol on the dispenser, and limits
ethanol use to 10 %
of gasoline in Australia.
Fittipaldi, who has spent 30 years
in his native Brazil as a refiner
of ethanol, is an ardent champion
of ethanol as a viable alternative to
gasoline.
One key topic
of current concern is the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS)-- a law that requires annual increases
in the amount
of ethanol to be added to
gasoline.
A 5.7 L «iForce» V8 making 381 horsepower and 401 lb - ft
of torque is available on all models, and
in some regions, the engine can be optioned to run on E85
ethanol /
gasoline blend.
In addition, Chevy cites numbers
of 380 horsepower and 416 pound - feet
of torque when running on E85, a blend
of 85 percent
ethanol and 15 percent
gasoline.
Determined to keep the F - 150 America's best selling pickup, Ford continues to offer a dizzying array
of configurations (a total
of 60
in all) as well as a new 5.4 - liter V8 Flex Fuel engine that can run on E85, a blend
of 85 - percent
ethanol and 15 - percent
gasoline.
A team at the University
of Birmingham reports that a blend
of 33 % v / v
of butanol
in EN228 commercial
gasoline containing 5 %
of ethanol (B33) reduces GDI (
gasoline direct injection) engine - out carbonaceous emissions, while maintaining similar levels
of NOx emissions when compared to standard
gasoline combustion at low and medium... Read more →
By federal and state regulation, nearly all
gasoline sold by retailers
in the US has up to 10 %
ethanol blended into it to comply with the US Renewable Fuel Standards as part
of the Energy Independence and Security Act.
Based on the just released Low Carbon Fuel Standard prepared by the University
of California for the Governor, «regular»
gasoline as a value
of 85 — 92 g CO2 eq / MJ, while natural gas has a value
of ~ 80 g CO2 eq / MJ, electricity
in California has an average value
of 27 g CO2 eq / MJ (when used to drive an electric vehicle), and cellulosic
ethanol derived from municipal solid waste is ~ 5 g CO2 eq / MJ.
The lead author
of one
of the studies referenced
in Elisabeth Rosenthal's recent article says
in a policy brief that ``... switching from
gasoline to corn
ethanol doubles greenhouse gas emissions for every mile driven.»
While
ethanol, for example derived from corn but distilled
in a facility powered by coal was,
in fact, on average worse, than
gasoline, some
of the envisioned cellulosic - based biofuels could be dramatically better on a g CO2 eq / MJ basis.
The
gasoline also did contain some hydrogen that burned to form water, so the 3:1 ratio Jeff references probably was for
gasoline (not containing
ethanol) but adjusted for the mass content
of the hydrogen
in the
gasoline and is likely more accurate than the 3.67 ratio
of carbon to carbon dioxide masses.
In addition to what they say,
ethanol carries only a fraction
of the btu's per gallon than
gasoline.