As we look at the evidence on private school choice — the actual evidence, not speculation — we should consider it in comparison with the continuing epidemic
of ethnic segregation in the public school system.
By contrast, levels
of ethnic segregation are high among school - age children.
Not exact matches
Why, asks John Leo in U.S. News & World Report, is his own constituency so willing to bring him down with protests, disrupted basketball games, and boycotts, when Pres. Lawrence worked so hard to make Rutgers a campus that «bristles with the enforcement tools
of diversity: a speech code, real courses replaced by «multicultural curricular change,» diversity awareness «training» in lectures and freshman orientation sessions, a tolerance for
ethnic and racial
segregation in dorms («a self - affirming environment,» as Lawrence puts it), and professors who learn not to raise unapproved ideas about race, gender, and the campus power system built around multiculturalism»?
Christians can not claim to be working for justice in our communities if we contribute to
segregation and the racial or
ethnic division
of those communities.
Consider some aspects
of the American history
of racial and
ethnic relations: Systematic racial
segregation emerged in the South after the failure
of Reconstruction, while in the 1880s a growing California banned Chinese immigration and in the early twentieth century
ethnic politics, often bitter and sometimes violent, dominated major American cities.
Even where schools do legally discriminate on religious grounds, this can lead to
ethnic, socio - economic and religious
segregation of pupils in practice and create wider problems for social cohesion and equality.
Knowing that religious selection in admissions creates
segregation along class and
ethnic lines, having a clear policy in favour
of inclusion and taking great care not to allow any state - funded faith schools to have control over its own admissions would also make sense for a Labour approach.
The Fair Housing Equity Assessment examines the roots
of Buffalo - Niagara's racial,
ethnic and geographic
segregation and exclusion, obstacles to solving these issues, and strategies for overcoming these barriers through One Region Forward's regional planning process.
Polls have consistently revealed that the vast majority
of the public — as many as 73 % — oppose religious selection
of any kind in state - funded schools, and research has found time and time again that religiously selective schools worsen religious,
ethnic, and socio - economic
segregation in their local areas.
I think when you grow up around racism, around racial and
ethnic segregation, you realize that that the world is very aware
of an individual's race.
The risks increase with degree
of segregation in all racial and
ethnic groups, but are strongest for Hispanics, they found.
Segregation still in decline despite decreasing black exposure to white students Percentages
of other
ethnic groups increasing rapidly
The strongest correlates
of achievement gaps are local racial /
ethnic differences in parental income, local average parental education levels, and patterns
of racial /
ethnic segregation, consistent with a theoretical model in which family socioeconomic factors affect educational opportunity partly though residential and school
segregation patterns.
Nine
of those studies found that school choice provided a more integrated classroom experience, one found no visible difference, and no empirical study had ever found that a school choice program made
ethnic segregation worse.
Within the limitations
of available data and methods, the empirical evidence is very encouraging for private school choice on
ethnic segregation — just as it is on academic outcomes, effects on public schools, fiscal effects and effects on civic values and practices.
Since economic
segregation closely mirrors racial
segregation, integrating schools by income will help create racial and
ethnic diversity as well, and this form
of diversity produces numerous benefits.
What isn't mentioned here, but has been by the UCLA Civil Rights Project, is that the most widely used mechanism
of «choice» in the state, that is charter schools, has increased economic and
ethnic segregation in the schools (see its study).
Each
of these factors influenced the voucher scheme towards a more equitable and democratic design that supported positive attitudes toward
ethnic minorities and immigrants and prevented the kind
of segregation that is typically observed in voucher programs in other societies.
Segregation of low - income and
ethnic minority students makes closing achievement gaps virtually impossible.
In Connecticut, there are laws against both excessive suspensions
of students and racial /
ethnic segregation of students, particularly for charter schools.
[see above CGS Sec. 10 - 66bb (h)-RSB- But the renewal process for Amistad Academy ignored its exclusionary disciplinary policies, racial and
ethnic segregation, and provided no analysis
of representative populations
of bilingual children and students with disabilities, among others.
But
ethnic segregation is not the only kind
of segregation about which concerns are raised.
In other work, her projects examine dynamics
of racial /
ethnic transition and neighborhood socioeconomic ascent, the neighborhood context
of charter expansion, and links between school choice and
segregation in neighborhoods and schools.
There are also concerns that charter advantages are rooted in new patterns
of racial /
ethnic segregation because white and minority families may choose schools with more children
of the same race or ethnicity.
Forster has conducted empirical studies on the impact
of school choice programs in Milwaukee, Ohio, Florida and Texas, as well as national empirical studies comparing public and private schools in terms
of working conditions for teachers,
ethnic segregation and teacher and staff misconduct.
Knowing what we do about the historical background
of housing
segregation along with the impact
of funding on school quality, it is clear that, across income and racial or
ethnic groups, the access to high - scoring schools is severely unequal.
According to the articles «Integrated Schools: Finding a New Path» (Gary Orfield, Erica Frankenberg, and Genevieve Siegel - Hawley, p. 22) and «Overcoming Triple
Segregation» (by Patricia Gándara, p. 60), segregation by ethnic background of public schools in the United States is on the upswing, a reality which limits minority students» prospects for a high - quality education and all students» prospects for learning to work and interact with students from varie
Segregation» (by Patricia Gándara, p. 60),
segregation by ethnic background of public schools in the United States is on the upswing, a reality which limits minority students» prospects for a high - quality education and all students» prospects for learning to work and interact with students from varie
segregation by
ethnic background
of public schools in the United States is on the upswing, a reality which limits minority students» prospects for a high - quality education and all students» prospects for learning to work and interact with students from varied cultures.
Forthcoming in the June print issue
of the American Sociological Review and recently published online, the paper, «Neighborhood Foreclosures, Racial /
Ethnic Transitions, and Residential
Segregation,» noted that the crisis spurred one
of the largest migrations in U.S. history, changes that could alter the complexion
of American cities for a generation or more.