While the
ingestion of ethylene glycol alone can cause symptoms ranging from gastrointestinal upset, an increase in urination, and central nervous system depression, it is the way that the body metabolizes ethylene glycol that can result in acute kidney injury and subsequently cause death.
Signs of walking drunk, lethargy, vomiting, excessive urination, seizing and excessive thirst are all initial symptoms
of ethylene glycol poisoning.
Spilled antifreeze should be cleaned immediately; even in very small quantities this can be highly toxic to both dogs and cats
because of the ethylene glycol.
When inspecting the degraded plastic films, the team also found
traces of ethylene glycol, a product of polyethylene breakdown, signaling true biodegradation.
Top of the list are measures to minimise the exposure of workers to «potentially hazardous chemicals», and efforts to speed up the
banning of ethylene glycol ethers from chip manufacture.
Solutions of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, which are used on runways and aircraft, push the freezing point of ice down to -13 degreeC and -59 degreeC respectively.
«Though we most commonly
think of ethylene glycol as antifreeze, it actually is associated with the formation of more complex sugar molecules that are necessary for life,» said Jan M. Hollis of NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland.
Other
sources of ethylene glycol include condensers, heat exchangers, home solar thermal units, toilet winterizers, and the post bases for portable basketball goals.
Prognosis for your animal can range from good to poor or even fatal depending on the amount
of ethylene glycol consumed and the time elapsed between ingestion and commencement of treatment.
If a client's dog got out of the owner's yard for a few hours on a sunny summer day and presented to your hospital with vomiting, ataxia and depression, would you check into the
possibility of ethylene glycol exposure?
An analysis of the calls made to the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center show that the
number of ethylene glycol (EG) antifreeze cases is fairly static throughout the year, with the exception of a small spike in December.
Your dog may seem to recover from the immediate symptoms after about 12 hours but the
effects of the ethylene glycol will continue to cause serious damage to your dog's kidneys.
This is commonly achieved by removing water, or by the
addition of ethylene glycol (MEG) or methanol, which act to depress the temperature at which hydrates will form (i.e. common antifreeze).
Glycoaldehyde, one of the first
metabolites of ethylene glycol, enters the central nervous system and alters glucose metabolism and neurotransmission.
There is a very small range of margin of toxicity with ethylene glycol, which means that only a small
amount of ethylene glycol is needed to cause illness or death.
Spilled antifreeze should be cleaned immediately; even in very small quantities this can be highly toxic to dogs and cats
because of the ethylene glycol.
Patients need to be treated within 8 - 12 hrs of ingestion
of ethylene glycol.
Any amount
of ethylene glycol is dangerous.