The retained exhaust gasses tend to be very rich in un-burnt Hydrocarbons, as they typically come from crevice volumes that are expelled at the end
of the exhaust stroke.
With high - performance camshaft timing, exhaust valves in different cylinders can be open at the same time, overlapping at the end of the power stroke in one cylinder and the end
of exhaust stroke in another.
If we open the intake stroke as well (overlap) at the end
of the exhaust stroke we end up using the momentum of the exhaust to suck in air from the intake port!
Not exact matches
By the same
stroke, the philosophy
of the will takes on its true meaning: it is not
exhausted in the relation between the maxim and the law, between the arbitrary and the willed; a third dimension appears: arbitrary — law — aim
of totality.
The catch, pull, glide, and recovery repetition
of the freestyle
stroke's continuous action help
exhaust your body and forces you into a meditative state over a long distance.
At the end
of the power
stroke the
exhaust valve begins to open allowing the
exhaust gasses to escape.
Its long
stroke creates lots
of vibes, but the sixteen - valve engine absolutely loves to rev, and it rewards forays to the top
of the tach scale with an unusually baritone
exhaust note.
The words you want to remember while setting the timing is top dead center ready to fire.You want both valves closed.They make a tool that inserts in the spark plug hole that whistles as you rotate the crank to alert you that both valves are closed.Or put your thumb on it and feel the pressure.You want to be TDC on the compression
stroke which is 180 degrees opposite
of TDC
of the
exhaust stroke.Both TDC will read 0 on the crank timing ring.
In other words, for TDC on the
exhaust stroke, is the piston still X inches from the plug on both
strokes, or is it located at the bottom
of the motor at TDC on
exhaust?
Bore,
Stroke, #
of cylinders, compression ratio, # or valves, size
of valves, cam lift and duration, port sizes, port lengths, restrictions in the intake and
exhaust
Direct fuel injection, nearly equal bore and
stroke dimensions, a 10.0:1 compression ratio, variable valve timing (intake and
exhaust), and a peak turbo boost
of 11.6 psi yield impressive output figures: 450 lb - ft
of torque at only 1750 rpm and 400 hp at a hearty 6400 rpm.
There is this nice animation
of a 2 -
stroke engine with an expansion chamber Source It works like this: While moving downwards after ignition, the piston exposes the
exhaust opening, and the burned gas streams into the
exhaust pipe like a (high pressure) shock wave.
The
exhaust valve opens at BDC and stays open during the
exhaust stroke, and potentially stays open until the start
of the intake
stroke.
In a conventional two -
stroke engine, the
exhaust must open very early in the power
stroke to enable the cylinder pressure to fall well below that
of the incoming charge, in order to avoid spent gases entering the transfer ports and mixing with the fresh charge.
There is thus always going to be a mix
of exhaust and unburned gasses in a two
stroke engine.
Now obviously EFI may it be Direct injection or port injection will improve the efficiency and
exhaust of any engine regardless
of it being a 2
stroke or 4
stroke.
I noticed that the pressure at the end
of the compression
stroke is much lower than expected, despite accounting for the fact that some air will always leak resulting in lower pressure and found the cause to be bleed / leak from the
exhaust valve.
ARK
strokes the 3.8 - liter V - 6 out to 4.0 liters and, thanks to the addition
of new headers, a new
exhaust, and a new intake, brings output up to 400 hp and 425 lb - ft
of torque.
Type: R Cubic Inches: over 440 Bore: 4.32 inches plus.40 over, total
of 4.72 Block Modifications: bored.040 over Block: Chrysler Bore x
Stroke: stock 4.72 x 3.75 Rods: stock, cast Pistons: Speed - Pro, 9.8:1 compression Crankshaft: stock steel Cam: Comp Cams hydraulic Lift:.470 at.050 224 Valves: Milodon, 2.14 intake, 1.81
exhaust Valvesprings: Comp Cams Rocker Arm: stock Intake Manifold: Edelbrock Aluminum Six Pack Carburetors: Holley Six Pack Distributor: Mallory Exhaust: Chrysler RB Hi - Performance Muffler: Spin Tech Exhaust Pipes: Muffler Tech Performance Inlet / Outlet Size: 2.50 inches Exhaust: aluminized 2.50 inches Exhaust Tips: stainless steel tips with YearOne red inserts Engine: built by VanGordon Racing Engines (Upla
exhaust Valvesprings: Comp Cams Rocker Arm: stock Intake Manifold: Edelbrock Aluminum Six Pack Carburetors: Holley Six Pack Distributor: Mallory
Exhaust: Chrysler RB Hi - Performance Muffler: Spin Tech Exhaust Pipes: Muffler Tech Performance Inlet / Outlet Size: 2.50 inches Exhaust: aluminized 2.50 inches Exhaust Tips: stainless steel tips with YearOne red inserts Engine: built by VanGordon Racing Engines (Upla
Exhaust: Chrysler RB Hi - Performance Muffler: Spin Tech
Exhaust Pipes: Muffler Tech Performance Inlet / Outlet Size: 2.50 inches Exhaust: aluminized 2.50 inches Exhaust Tips: stainless steel tips with YearOne red inserts Engine: built by VanGordon Racing Engines (Upla
Exhaust Pipes: Muffler Tech Performance Inlet / Outlet Size: 2.50 inches
Exhaust: aluminized 2.50 inches Exhaust Tips: stainless steel tips with YearOne red inserts Engine: built by VanGordon Racing Engines (Upla
Exhaust: aluminized 2.50 inches
Exhaust Tips: stainless steel tips with YearOne red inserts Engine: built by VanGordon Racing Engines (Upla
Exhaust Tips: stainless steel tips with YearOne red inserts Engine: built by VanGordon Racing Engines (Upland, CA)
Ignition
of fuel, power
stroke, and
exhaust stroke.
Nav System, Heated Leather Seats, Moonroof, 4x4, Hitch, Heated Rear Seat CLICK ME!KEY FEATURES INCLUDELeather Seats, Navigation, 4x4, Heated Driver Seat, Heated Rear Seat, Cooled Driver Seat, Running Boards, Premium Sound System, Satellite Radio, iPod / MP3 Input, Onboard Communications System, Remote Engine Start, Dual Zone A / C, Heated Seats, Heated Leather Seats MP3 Player, Privacy Glass, Keyless Entry, Steering Wheel Controls, Heated Mirrors.OPTION PACKAGESENGINE: 6.7 L 4V OHV POWER
STROKE V8 TURBO DIESEL B20: 4 valve OHV, manual push - button engine -
exhaust braking and intelligent oil - life monitor, 3.55 Axle Ratio, Extra Heavy - Duty 220 Amp Alternator, Dual 78 - AH 750 CCA Batteries, 48 Gallon Fuel Tank, PLATINUM ULTIMATE PACKAGE: Twin Panel Power Moonroof, map lights and moonroof switches, Ultimate Trailer Tow Camera System, 360 degree camera system and trailer reverse guidance, NOTE: Does not include customer placed trailer camera, Rear CHMSL Camera Display in center stack screen, LED Center High - Mounted Stop Lamp (CHMSL) w / cargo light and rear video camera, Lane - Keeping Alert, Adaptive Cruise Control & Collision Warning, brake support, HIGH CAPACITY TRAILER TOW PACKAGE: increased GCW from 23,500 lbs, to 25,700 lbs and upgraded axle, NOTE: Salesperson's Portfolio or Trailer Towing Guide should be consulted for specific trailer towing or camper limits and corresponding required equipment, axle ratios and model availability, See Supplemental Reference for vehicle height consideration, Wheels: 20» Polished Aluminum w / Diesel, ADAPTIVE CRUISE CONTROL & COLLISION WARNING: brake support, INDIVIDUAL TRAILER TPMS (DEALER INSTALLED): customer - placed trailer camera, NOTE: Trailer TPMS sensors only compatible on wheels w / a452» diameter valve stem, TRANSMISSION: TORQSHIFT 6 - SPEED AUTOMATIC: (6R140), SelectShift.Please confirm the accuracy
of the included equipment by calling us prior to purchase.
For example, at the start
of the intake
stroke of cylinder one and when both the intake and
exhaust valves
of cylinder one are open (valve overlap period), cylinder three already starts its
exhaust stroke with the
exhaust valve open.
The modern, long -
stroke engine with the internal code 4P10 features two robust chain - driven overhead camshafts; four valves per cylinder; an
exhaust gas turbocharger with variable turbine geometry; common rail injection system; and piezo injectors for precise metering
of fuel.
In both versions it unites various advanced technologies: additional indirect injection supplementing the direct injection
of the FSI; the Audi valvelift system (AVS) to adjust the valve
stroke on the
exhaust side; and thermal management, which uses a rotary valve module and an
exhaust manifold integrated into the cylinder head.
Peanut Butter Vehicle: 1993 Ford Bronco Owner: Tony Rojo Location: Riverside, California Chassis: Stock Engine: 5.8 L 351W V - 8, K&N cold - air intake, Bassani shorty headers,
exhaust exiting below the quarter panel in front
of the rear tire Drivetrain: E4OD automatic with Punisher valve body, BW1356 T - case, TTB Dana 44 front, 8.8 - inch rear with Yukon Gear Dura Grip Posi locker, 4.56 gears Suspension: Southwest Performance cut and turned beam long travel front with fabricated radius arms, uniball pivots, 12 - inch
stroke Bilstein 9100 coilovers with ACVs, Bilstein 2 - inch hydraulic bumpstops, Deaver F53 leaf springs, Southwest Performance 2 - link, 12 - inch
stroke Bilstein 9100 smooth body shocks with a Southwest Performance raised rear shock mount, Bilstein 2 - inch hydraulic bumpstops, Southwest Performance extended shackles Steering: Stock, upgrading to ambulance steering Brakes: Stock Tires / wheels: 35x12.50 R15 BF Goodrich All Terrains on 15x7 Alcoa 5 - spoke wheels Interior: 8 - inch Lowrance Baja 840 GPS, Motorola Maratrac race radio, Kenwood Race Radio, Fully TIG - welded cage with 1.75 - inch DOM tubing by Johnny Lightning, twin RCE radios Other Parts: Custom front and rear prerunner bumpers, smoked headlights with Baja HID conversion to true bi xenon projector HIDs, four Hella Rallye 4000 HIDs, Autofab front fiberglass Favorite Off - Road Area: Baja!
The engine leverages the spectrum
of Toyota's advanced engine technologies: Dual VVT - i with VVT - iE (Variable Valve Timing intelligent system by Electric motor); D - 4S (Direct injection 4 -
stroke gasoline engine Superior version) direct injection and laser - clad valve seats; longer
stroke (4.07 inches; bore remains at 3.44 inches) and high compression ratio (14:1); multi-hole direct fuel injectors; a variable cooling system; cooled
Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) system; and a full variable oil pump.
Typically Mazda, the emissions - reducing and fuel - saving i - stop (idle stop) system is pretty unobtrusive thanks to clever manipulation
of the
exhaust and power
strokes to take most
of the shock out
of the initial fire - up.
Since due to camshaft timing each power
stroke lasts approximately 120 degrees [ending when the
exhaust valve opens], this means that there is a very short period
of about 24 degrees when the crankshaft receives no torque.
An indigenous VAM engine was the 282 cu in (4.6 L) version
of the AMC Straight - 6 engine with an enlarged bore and wider dished pistons (3.909 in (99 mm) bore, 3.894 in (99 mm)
stroke) as well as a unique head and
exhaust porting design.
For example, at the start
of the intake
stroke of cylinder one and when both the intake and
exhaust valves are open (valve overlap period), cylinder three already begins its
exhaust stroke with an open
exhaust valve.
On the
exhaust side, the Audi valvelift system varies the
stroke of the valves in two stages; the camshaft on the intake side can be adjusted steplessly through 30 degrees
of crankshaft angle while 60 degrees
of adjustment is available on the
exhaust side.
As is the case with nearly all diesel engines, the Power
Stroke requires the use
of Diesel
Exhaust Fluid.
Making 103 horsepower, the new engine marks the first combination
of the Atkinson Cycle, cooled
exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), GDI and a long -
stroke - narrow - bore specification to maximize efficiency.
Aided by an aFe Power Scorcher HD power module, an aFe Momentum HD intake, and a 5 - inch DPF - back
exhaust, the 6.7 - liter Power
Stroke diesel V8 in this SEMA Cares Ford F - 250 sends about 50 more horsepower and nearly 100 lb - ft more torque through the rear wheels than the stock motor, for a total
of 397 rwhp and 817 lb - ft rear - wheel torque.
Doing it all took the implementation
of Toyota's vast catalog
of advanced engine technologies: Dual VVT - i with VVT - iE (Variable Valve Timing intelligent system by Electric motor); D - 4S (Direct injection 4 -
stroke gasoline engine Superior version) direct injection and laser - clad valve seats; longer
stroke (4.07 inches; bore remains at 3.44 inches) and high compression ratio (14:1); multi-hole direct fuel injectors; a variable cooling system; cooled
Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) system; and a full variable oil pump.
Just as he used the raw
strokes and contorted figures in his bronze sculptures to exquisitely capture the
exhausted, sorrowful goats propped - up with stakes, revealing their tender underbellies ripe for piercing as a metaphor for that rare and precious moment
of one teetering on the brink
of death.