Offers of franchises may only be made by delivery
of a franchise disclosure document (prospectus), and in certain states the franchise disclosure document must first have been registered with the state agency that regulates the offers and sales of franchises.
A franchise is offered in many jurisdictions only by delivery
of a franchise disclosure document to you in compliance with applicable franchise sales laws.
New York City partner and leader of the firm's Franchise & Distribution practice Craig Tractenberg authored this column on how the diligence process differs for franchisors and the role
of the franchise disclosure document.
It was the subject matter of commentary by many lawyers in the Ontario Franchise Law Bar and is an important court decision in the development
of franchise disclosure law.
We have drafted and updated dozens
of franchise disclosure documents (under the old UFOC format and the FTC's current FDD format) and obtained state franchise registrations and exemptions in every state.
The offer of a franchise can only be made through the delivery
of a franchise disclosure document.
Not exact matches
ONE
of the main criticisms
of the
franchising code
of conduct is the cost
of providing
disclosure documents.
Several states have registration or
disclosure laws that regulate the sale
of franchises.
Opening new
franchise stores is not a significant part
of our near - term store growth strategy, and we therefore expect that revenue derived from our
franchise stores will eventually comprise less than 10 %
of the net revenue we report in future fiscal years, at which time we will reevaluate our segment reporting
disclosures.
No offer or sale
of a restaurant will be made except by a
franchise disclosure document first filled and registered with applicable state authorities.
Franchisors are required to supply a
franchise disclosure document, which contains information on the backgrounds
of the executives involved in the
franchise company and other information.
That's why I like the
franchise model for many clients because a lot
of the unknowns are taken out
of the equation because
of the
disclosure laws, because you are given access to all the franchisees in the system, because they are the team called development team.
Failure on the part
of the franchisor to comply with
disclosure obligations provides the franchisee with an extraordinary remedy — it allows a franchisee to rescind the contract within two years and to obtain the return
of its investment in
franchise fees, inventory and equipment costs.
Inadequate
disclosure entitles a franchisee to rescind the
franchise agreement within two years and to extensive damages, including the return
of its investment in
franchise fees, inventory and equipment costs, as well as compensation for any losses incurred by it in acquiring, setting up and operating the
franchise business.
He recently set new law with respect to Ontario litigation procedure, upheld on appeal new
franchise law relating to what rescission rights are available when a
disclosure document is provided by e-mail, and set new
franchise law at the intersection
of the Wishart Act and the Personal Property Security Act.
The Court found a number
of deficiencies in the
disclosure provided by the franchisor, including failure to provide: (1) the financial statements
of the franchisor; (2) the lease or sublease relating to the premises where the
franchise operated and an estimate
of the costs for such a lease; (3) the Directors» Certificate; and (4) various other agreements relating to the
franchise.
Arbitrated and mediated matters in connection with breach
of contract, mergers and acquisitions, fraud, corporate
disclosure issues,
franchising, accounting disputes, and partnership dissolution
However, it is unclear how a franchisee's knowledge
of a renovation issue, or credibility issues in that regard, negate a renewal
disclosure requirement under the Arthur Wishart Act (
Franchise Disclosure), 2000.
More importantly, the decision has played a pivotal role in shaping, and continuing to shape, these multitude fundamental aspects
of Ontario
franchise disclosure law:
In the decision
of 1201059 Ontario Inc. v. Pizza Pizza Limited, 2015 ONSC 1208, dated February 26, 2015, a three - judge panel
of the Divisional Court (an appellate branch
of the Ontario Superior Court
of Justice that is higher than a trial level but lower than the Court
of Appeal), upheld the trial judge's dismissal
of the franchisee's action for damages based on an alleged failure to provide
disclosure at the time
of the
franchise renewal.
The action
of the franchisee, 1201059 Ontario Inc., at the trial level was centered around the
disclosure obligations
of Pizza Pizza at the time
of the
franchise renewal.
As a result, it held that AGR had not provided a
disclosure document within the meaning
of the Arthur Wishart Act (
Franchise Disclosure), 2000.
The franchisee and its individual principals argued that the restrictive covenant was unenforceable on the basis that (i) it comprised a restraint
of trade and was ambiguous, and (ii) the
disclosure document did not contain a copy
of the executed
franchise agreement.
As noted by way
of an introduction to the critical statutory
franchise rescission remedy in Ontario in a Law Works Franchise Justice Blog Post on September 8, 2013, «Terminating a Franchise Agreement: A Primer ``, if a franchisor fails to deliver a disclosure document as required under Ontario's Arthur Wishart Act (Franchise Disclosure), 2000 and its Regulation, General Ontario Regulation 581/00, a franchisee is entitled to cancel (legally «rescind») the entire purchase of the franchised business from the start of the transaction, including all franchise and related agreements, and claim a return of all his or her investment an
franchise rescission remedy in Ontario in a Law Works
Franchise Justice Blog Post on September 8, 2013, «Terminating a Franchise Agreement: A Primer ``, if a franchisor fails to deliver a disclosure document as required under Ontario's Arthur Wishart Act (Franchise Disclosure), 2000 and its Regulation, General Ontario Regulation 581/00, a franchisee is entitled to cancel (legally «rescind») the entire purchase of the franchised business from the start of the transaction, including all franchise and related agreements, and claim a return of all his or her investment an
Franchise Justice Blog Post on September 8, 2013, «Terminating a
Franchise Agreement: A Primer ``, if a franchisor fails to deliver a disclosure document as required under Ontario's Arthur Wishart Act (Franchise Disclosure), 2000 and its Regulation, General Ontario Regulation 581/00, a franchisee is entitled to cancel (legally «rescind») the entire purchase of the franchised business from the start of the transaction, including all franchise and related agreements, and claim a return of all his or her investment an
Franchise Agreement: A Primer ``, if a franchisor fails to deliver a
disclosure document as required under Ontario's Arthur Wishart Act (
Franchise Disclosure), 2000 and its Regulation, General Ontario Regulation 581/00, a franchisee is entitled to cancel (legally «rescind») the entire purchase of the franchised business from the start of the transaction, including all franchise and related agreements, and claim a return of all his or her investment an
Franchise Disclosure), 2000 and its Regulation, General Ontario Regulation 581/00, a franchisee is entitled to cancel (legally «rescind») the entire purchase
of the
franchised business from the start
of the transaction, including all
franchise and related agreements, and claim a return of all his or her investment an
franchise and related agreements, and claim a return
of all his or her investment and losses.
The answer to whether a franchisee is entitled to get out
of a
franchise agreement broadly depends on one or both
of the following conditions: whether either party broke the
franchise agreement, or, where required under provincial law, whether the franchisor failed to deliver a
franchise disclosure document.
MGDC and its affiliates claimed that their arrangement with Authentic Brands Group LLC was itself a «
franchise agreement» under Ontario's Arthur Wishart Act (Franchise Disclosure), 2000, and that they were entitled to a rescission (cancellation) of the arrangement because they had not been provided with a franchise disclosure
franchise agreement» under Ontario's Arthur Wishart Act (
Franchise Disclosure), 2000, and that they were entitled to a rescission (cancellation) of the arrangement because they had not been provided with a franchise disclosure
Franchise Disclosure), 2000, and that they were entitled to a rescission (cancellation)
of the arrangement because they had not been provided with a
franchise disclosure
franchise disclosure document.
In part 2
of our interview with
franchise lawyer, Chris Horkins, we speak about good faith obligations and whether there is an ongoing duty
of disclosure.
Justice Morgan
of the Ontario Superior Court
of Justice found that the Act did not apply to the License Agreement for the following reasons: The parties expressly agreed that
franchise disclosure laws such as the Act did not apply to the License Agreement.
Cases that are helping to clarify Ontario's
franchising legislation include a pro-franchisor Superior Court ruling that a decision to wind down GM dealerships did not call for a new set
of disclosure documents (Trillium Motor World Inc. v. General Motors
of Canada Limited), and a second case involving the auto giant (Addison Chevrolet Buick GMC Ltd. v. General Motors
of Canada Ltd), where courts have declined to dismiss an argument from franchisees that GM's U.S. parent company should share liability.
Also as part
of his decision, McEwen found that General Motors
of Canada Ltd. did not breach the Arthur Wishart Act (
franchise disclosure), 2000.
First, in the analysis
of whether a franchisor is exempt from providing a
franchise disclosure document in a renewal, the court needs evidence, and it must be conclusive, about the material differences between the original and then - current
franchise agreements and their factual context.
This is an influential Ontario court decision under the Arthur Wishart Act (
Franchise Disclosure), 2000, on the issue
of what constitutes a materially deficient
disclosure document.
Similarly, there is no requirement to link between the amount
of damages and the
disclosure failure — the amount
of damages is framed in section 6
of the Act, and is designed to bring the franchisee back to the position in which he or she was before the
franchise purchase.
If you are a resident
of one
of these states, we will not offer you a
franchise unless and until we have complied with applicable pre-sale registration and
disclosure requirements or an applicable exemption in your jurisdiction.