Sentences with phrase «of gene circuit»

Lines with one copy of each gene circuit consistently respond to TNT (Figure S6), though the response is not as strong.

Response of transgenic tobacco plants with one copy of each gene circuit, de-greening gene circuit and synthetic sensing gene circuit.

According to Lu, this work advances the quantitative understanding of gene circuit behaviors, and facilitates the transformation of gene network design from trial - and - error construction to rational forward engineering.

Not exact matches

«We were starting to understand a lot about circuits and cells, and we had the tools to look at gene expression in different kinds of cells?

We're funding researchers to investigate how drugs alter what genes are activated such that they modify the function of the cells, and how this, in turn, modifies the functions of brain circuits, and how that modifies behavior.

The findings by a team of Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) investigators, which will be published in the April 24 issue of Cell and are receiving advance online release, support the importance of epigenetics — processes controlling whether or not genes are expressed — in cancer pathology and identify molecular circuits that may be targeted by new therapeutic approaches.

By tracking activity in almost all the genes of a free - living archaeon — which, like a bacterium, is a prokaryote — Bonneau was recently able to piece together how the genes affected one another's expression, enabling him to map the organism's «control circuit» as if it were a machine.

Other directions for future research, Liu said, include looking at the role of CLOCK in more forms of the disease, learning more about exactly how CLOCK affects neural circuits to disrupt adequate inhibition of excitatory neurons, and examining whether any of the genes that CLOCK regulates are especially important in the disorder.

«Solutions to understanding the connections between genes, neural circuits and behavior are now emerging from a unique union of genetics and neuroscience,» says Julie Korenberg, a University of Utah professor and an adjunct professor at the Salk Institute, who led the genetics aspects on the new study.

Now, an international team of scientists has made inroads to understanding how genes influence brain structure and cognitive abilities and how neural circuits produce language.

But the benefits of this technology for discerning the circuits of the mind go much deeper, because the virus that carries the photoreceptor genes can also carry promoter sequences that express their payload only in neurons with the appropriate molecular address.

It's the most basic of ways to find out what something does, whether it's an unmarked circuit breaker or an unidentified gene — flip its switch and see what happens.

James Collins, a professor of biomedical engineering at Boston University who was not associated with this research, says, «Efforts in synthetic biology to create complex gene circuits are often hindered by unanticipated or uncharacterized interactions between submodules of the circuits.

Her research team placed the evolutionarily conserved castor (Cas) gene, which encodes a zinc finger protein, in a genetic circuit with two other evolutionarily conserved genes, hedgehog (Hh) and eyes absent (Eya), to determine the fates of specific cell progeny (daughters).

This type of switch should also be applicable to other engineered metabolic pathways because the genetic circuit can be targeted to shut off other genes.

The vectors are customizable and could potentially be used as part of a gene therapy to treat neurodegenerative disorders that affect the entire central nervous system, such as Huntington's disease, or to help map or modulate neuronal circuits and understand how they change during disease.

The researchers show that, when ethylene is perceived, transcription of certain genes that function as circuit breakers of ethylene signaling occurs, but protein production becomes restricted until ethylene is removed.

«For our new systemic viral vectors — AAV PHP.S and AAV PHP.eB — there are many potential uses, from mapping circuits in the periphery and fast screening of gene regulatory elements to genome editing with powerful tools such as CRISPR - Cas9,» says Gradinaru.

Just as engineers rearrange capacitors and resistors to create different electric circuits, researchers can arrange gene promoters and repressors — stretches of DNA that control gene activity — to create gene circuits with different properties.

In addition, the two genes are turned on in areas that are part of the cortico - striatal - thalamo - cortical circuit, a loop of brain cells connecting the cortex to specific regions involved in processing emotions and movement.

In the new study, Srinivasan and her colleagues, first author Research Assistant Tallie Noble and graduate student Jonathan Stieglitz, used a series of gene - blocking experiments to identify some of the circuit's key elements.

«We have performed a very innovative and ambitious study: we applied a three - step approach for the effective exploration and creation of successful synthetic gene circuits.

Over the last 17 years, scientists and engineers have developed synthetic gene circuits that can program the functionality, performance, and behavior of living cells.

Using bioinformatics tools to identify and map out specific components and regulatory interconnections, the study team found highly dynamic activities during CD8 + T cell responses: a distinct repertoire of super enhancers — groups of enhancers that interact with promoters to drive gene transcription, new groups of enhancers that jump into activity only in the memory cell stage, and extensive re-wiring of regulatory circuits from one cell stage to another.

But they could also transplant groups of interacting genes, creating more humanlike yeast that would be useful for studying new drugs or molecular circuits that go awry in diseases.

«These two lines of evidence,» Tonegawa says, «corroborate that one particular gene's intactness in this particular circuit in the hippocampus plays a crucial role in being able to form distinct memories for a similar but different experience.»

Physician Gene - Jack Wang of Brookhaven National Laboratory has studied the brains of overeaters since 1999, when he and colleague Nora Volkow originally observed that obesity and drug addiction alter the same brain circuits.

Bacteria use small circuits of genes to manage routine tasks like copying their DNA or neutralizing a toxin.

Instead of the simple manipulation of single genes, he wants to engineer many genes to work together, like transistors wired in a circuit.

Researchers at MIT have developed a synthetic gene circuit that triggers the body's immune system to attack cancers when it detects signs of the disease.

The gene - by - hormone interaction's effect on circuit function was found only with one of two versions of the gene that codes for BDNF (brain - derived neurotrophic factor), a chemical messenger operating in the circuit.

But efforts to construct large - scale genetic circuits in mammalian cells have largely failed: For complex circuits to work, the individual components — the turning on and off of different genes — must happen consistently.

The results of their work, the researchers say, may advance scientific understanding of how genes linked to the risk of human bipolar disorder change neuronal circuits in the brain, and may offer an animal model for testing new treatments.

Zimmer: I was really blown away when I spent the time to understand some of the networks of genes that E. coli uses to deal with things like overheating or something, where you have got 10 or 20 genes that are fit together, kind of like the components in [a] the circuit.

Because the RNAi wasn't used to dampen FOXP2 activity until 23 days after the birds hatched, the new study shows that the gene has a role beyond embryonic development, says neurogeneticist Simon Fisher of the University of Oxford in the U.K. «The gene, at least in songbirds, may have important active functions in [neural] circuits,» he says.

The present study builds on previous work by the laboratories of Professor Beatriz Rico and Professor Oscar Marín on the role of the disease susceptibility gene ErbB4 in the development of neuronal circuits in the cerebral cortex.

``... [E] xtracting a gene is akin to snapping a leaf from a tree,» Judge William C. Bryson of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit wrote.

«We discovered gene - related disruption of circuits that connect the autistic brain's layers and hemispheres to each other,» explained Geschwind, who is director of the UCLA Neurogenetics Program and the Center for Autism Research and Treatment and co-director of the Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics at UCLA.

This can be thought of as similar circuits of components, but with different wiring, so different genes are in charge of others.

ZUG, Switzerland; CAMBRIDGE, Massachusetts; BERKELEY, California; DUBLIN, Ireland; July 25, 2017 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE)-- CRISPR Therapeutics (NASDAQ: CRSP), Intellia Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ: NTLA), Caribou Biosciences, Inc. and ERS Genomics, Ltd. announced that The Regents of the University of California, the University of Vienna, and Dr. Emmanuelle Charpentier (collectively «UC»), co-owners of foundational intellectual property relating to CRISPR / Cas9 genome engineering, today submitted an appellate brief to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (the «Federal Circuit») seeking reversal of a decision by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office's Patent Trial and Appeal Board («PTAB») in an interference proceeding relating to CRISPR / Cas9 gene editing technology.

The arrangement of genes on the chromosome is not a map of the plant's regulatory circuits.

Appeal seeks reversal of Patent Trial and Appeal Board decision terminating interference without determining priority of inventorship of CRISPR / Cas9 gene editing Brief asserts that the Board failed to properly apply controlling U.S. Supreme Court and Federal Circuit precedents, and ignored evidence of multiple groups readily applying CRISPR / Cas9 gene editing to eukaryotic cells following teachings of Charpentier - Doudna team

Not only are modern plant biotechnologists aware of the complicated interactions between genes and cell regulatory circuits, they are actively dissecting them and using them to develop more water efficient crops (Mentzen and Wurtele 2008, Oh and others (2005).

Synthetic biologists are fitting the genomes of microorganisms with synthetic gene circuits to break down polluting plastics, non-invasively diagnose and treat infections in the human gut, and generate chemicals and nutrition on long - haul space flights.

We know that regeneration is an orchestra of communication signals from a number of different tissues, and those tissues have to turn on genetic light switches at the same time, so part of the challenge in defining those circuits in greater detail is going to be interrogating these miRNAs and their potential target genes in a mammalian system.

(D) Real - time qRT - PCR confirming that plants responding as shown in A, B, and C results from activation of the de-greening gene circuit.

Scott D. Collins, Ph.D., University of Maine, Orono $ 850,000 (2 years) «High - speed Nanopore Gene Sequencing» Skilled in silicon fabrication methods, this group will try to fabricate a nanopore with tiny electrodes and built - in circuits that will be used in experiments that attempt to measure differences in the electron tunneling of individual nucleotides in DNA molecules.

The line displaying the best response, NT4, contains multiple T - DNAs (Table S2) with segregation of the de-greening circuit genes (KanR) suggesting linkage.

Reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction (RT - PCT) analysis of synthetic sensing and signaling components confirms expression of components of the sensing gene circuit.

Because the response from the de-greening gene circuit involves threshold - like behavior, accuracy at lower levels of the ligand is currently more difficult to follow.