Sentences with phrase «of gene enhancers»

In the PNAS paper, the scientists demonstrated their method on two genomics problems, the role of gene enhancers in the fruit fly embryo and alternative splicing in a human - derived cell line.

Not exact matches

I spent a year researching a 96 basepair region of the non-coding region of a gene in an attempt to demonstrate its supposed enhancer properties on that gene.

When the authors tested the ability of the lizard and snake versions of this limb - genital enhancer to function in mice, they found that the lizard version was capable of driving gene expression in the legs and the genitalia (much like the mouse version), while the snake version was only capable of driving gene expression in the genitalia.

The shared patterns of gene expression in the limbs and phallus are generated in part by a common set of noncoding DNA, also called «elements» or «enhancers,» which act to control gene expression in both of these structures, argues a study published October 1 in Developmental Cell.

An international team led by researchers with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) has developed a new technique for identifying gene enhancers — sequences of DNA that act to amplify the expression of a specific gene — in the genomes of humans and other mammals.

Diane Dickel is the lead author of Nature Methods paper describing a new technique for identifying gene enhancers in the genomes of humans and other mammals.

In SIF - seq, hundreds or thousands of DNA fragments to be tested for enhancer activity are coupled to a reporter gene and targeted into a single, reproducible site in embryonic cell genomes.

This is a challenging task because an enhancer does not have to be located directly adjacent to the gene whose expression it regulates, but can instead be located hundreds of thousands of DNA base pairs away.

A major finding of this study is that the genetic loci associated with asthma are enriched in epigenetic marks characterizing gene enhancers.

Every genome contains many thousands of short bits of DNA called «enhancers,» whose role is to control the activity of genes.

Visel and his colleagues studied gene expression in a developing mouse embryo, and found 120 enhancers active in cells of the face.

So Axel Visel of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California focused on «enhancers»: short sequences of DNA — which are still sometimes called «junk» — that do not code for genes but can influence their activity.

In Class II engagement, Sox9 binds to multiple active enhancer elements through sub-optimal, low - affinity Sox dimeric motifs (DNA sequences), resulting in a high level of transcription of cartilage - related genes.

Another doubled - up region contains enhancers that turn on some genes in the cerebellum, a part of the brain that coordinates movement, speech and performs other important functions.

Within the duplicate regions, Carmona - Mora and her colleagues discovered many switches, known as enhancers, important for controlling activity of genes.

Some evidence hints that duplicate enhancers may help control genes important in other parts of the brain.

For the new study, presented last week at the Biology of Genomes meeting here, molecular biologist Marco Osterwalder of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley, California, and colleagues harnessed a powerful new gene - editing technique called CRISPR to figure out exactly how some of these candidate enhancers work.

Those results are the same if the enhancers are intact but both copies of the gene itself are defective, indicating that the amount of protein determines the number of digits.

The gene (E2A) that codes for proteins with the properties of immunoglobulin enhancer binding factors E12 / E47 was mapped to chromosome region 19p13.2 - p 13.3, a site associated with nonrandom translocations in acute lymphoblastic leukemias.

The work, published online this week in the journal Nature, suggests modulation of «enhancer - directed RNAs» or «eRNAs» could provide a new way to alter gene expression in living cells, perhaps affecting the development or pathology of many diseases.

«Because many broadly expressed genes that play key roles in essential cellular functions are under the control of cell - specific enhancers, the ability to affect enhancer function by knocking down eRNAs could potentially provide a new strategy for altering gene expression in vivo in a cell - specific manner,» said Glass, noting that in his research, anti-sense oligonucleotides were developed in conjunction with Isis Pharmaceuticals, which suppressed enhancer activity and reduced expression in nearby genes.

Both papers offer new evidence that eRNAs significantly contribute to enhancer activity, and therefore to expression of nearby genes.

«We identified, across the genome, that enhancer RNAs were the most common type of RNA that bound to CBP, and that by making this interaction, eRNAs play a crucial role in regulating CBP activity and gene expression.»

Enhancers are sequences in the genome that act to boost or «enhance» the activity or expression of nearby genes.

«Enhancer RNAs alter gene expression: New class of molecules may be key emerging «enhancer therapy»Enhancer RNAs alter gene expression: New class of molecules may be key emerging «enhancer therapy»enhancer therapy».»

One group showed how enhancers maintain the right level of sensitivity to other signals, so that they switch on genes only at the right times and places.

Although researchers have scrutinized genes as if they were Hollywood celebrities, the stretches of regulatory DNA called enhancers have largely stayed in the background, their workings a mystery.

Wray is particularly interested in DNA segments called enhancers, which control the activity of genes nearby.

Using bioinformatics tools to identify and map out specific components and regulatory interconnections, the study team found highly dynamic activities during CD8 + T cell responses: a distinct repertoire of super enhancers — groups of enhancers that interact with promoters to drive gene transcription, new groups of enhancers that jump into activity only in the memory cell stage, and extensive re-wiring of regulatory circuits from one cell stage to another.

Inflammation response induces the transcription of the Irg1 gene and enhancer RNAs, causing the emergence of novel enhancer regions and a novel enhancer landscape within a cell.

Furthermore, besides offering valuable insight into the function of this novel RNA type, the researchers also believe that the findings will open new avenues for novel treatments in which cell - specific enhancer sequences can be targeted to alter gene expression.

This type of histone methylation enables the function of these regions as enhancer sequences, i.e. as marks that can be identified by specific proteins which boost gene transcription.

Then for HARE5, the most active enhancer in an area of the brain called the cortex, they made minigenes containing either the chimp or human version of the enhancer linked to a «reporter» gene that caused the developing mouse embryo to turn blue wherever the enhancer turned the gene on.

Besides promoters located in the beginning of genes, gene expression is also regulated by enhancers which may be located as far as thousands of base pairs away from the gene they regulate.

The three stages of CD8 + T cell development are well known, but the current study identifies a detailed map of the regulatory circuitry, such as interactions between enhancers and promoters — genetic regulatory regions that function together in driving genes to transcribe proteins to carry out biological processes.

A study investigating the function of the recently discovered enhancer RNA molecules may open new avenues for gene therapy.

Notably, this ESC / E (Z)(Extra Sex Combs / Enhancer of Zeste) gene complex regulates epigenetic mechanisms that govern the transcription of genes into proteins in response to the environment — including sex hormones and stressors.

The RNAs of enhancers are expressed before the genes they regulate during human and mouse cell differentiation.

This strict selectiveness of sensory neurons is in part due to enhancers (DNA sequences that enhance transcription of a gene when bound by specific protein), which remain poorly understood.

Understanding enhancer functions is of great interest due to their importance in gene expression as well as evolution and disease.

They replaced the rodent's own version of the enhancer with the snake version using the CRISPR - Cas9 gene - editing technique.

Situated in front of the gene, this switch, called an enhancer, is a docking site for proteins that control the gene's activity.

«We can now ask whether a gene is contacted at the same time by all of its enhancers, or by each enhancer one at a time?

Dorsal binds to the regulatory region or «enhancer» of a gene called rhomboid; the element has been well studied and is known to be a fairly typical example of an enhancer region.

In a study published in the journal Cell on July 14, the researchers found that placing enhancers in different positions relative to their target genes resulted in dramatic changes in the frequency of the bursts.

In two different experiments, Fukaya placed the enhancer either upstream of the gene's promoter, or downstream of the gene and saw that the different enhancer positions resulted in distinct responses.

The model looks at the frequency with which different genomic regions appear in the slice to infer information about the relative positions of genes and regions called enhancers that activate them.

In a second series of experiments, Fukaya showed that a single enhancer can activate simultaneously two genes that are located some distance apart on the genome and have separate promoters.

«These enhancers can harbour disease - causing mutations which would be missed in traditional studies of genes, but which are suspected of playing an important role in inherited neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders.

The researchers found that snippets of DNA called enhancers can boost the frequency of bursts, suggesting that these bursts play a role in gene control.