Sentences with phrase «of genes on a chromosome»

Our genome is nearly identical to the chimpanzee genome, a little less identical to the gorilla genome, a little less identical to the orangutan genome, and so on — and this correspondence is present in ways that are not needed for function (such as the location of shared genetic defects, the order of genes on chromosomes, and on and on).

AN EXTRA copy of a gene on chromosome 21 may explain why people with Down's syndrome are less likely to get breast and lung cancer than the rest of the population.

After demonstrating the existence of several genes that control indefinite cell division, she, a grad student named Yi Ning, and their colleagues found a candidate for one of those genes on chromosome 4.

That's in contrast to the impact of a gene on chromosome 20 that increased protein concentration but also significantly decreased yields in soybean varieties.

But in a closer study of 73 families researchers found a region of genes on chromosome eight in those with perfect pitch and from European ancestry.

A locus is the position of a gene on a chromosome.

In Angelman's syndrome a child receives two copies of genes on chromosome 15 from his or her father, and a single inactivated copy of those genes from his or her mother.

A further mystery is whether the order of genes on a chromosome and the spacing between them influence their functions.

CEPH's «first - generation» map, assembled by hundreds of researchers and with financial support from the US National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, is based mainly on the relative positions of genes on chromosomes.

By identifying linked genes, researchers can build up a picture of the relative positions of genes on chromosomes.

One case where the ordering of genes on a chromosome is important to their function is that of the Hox genes, which define the body patterns of most types of animals during development.

But scientists from the Julius - Maximilians - University of Wuerzburg in Germany have zeroed in on one mutation of a gene on chromosome 22 that appears to play an important role in catatonic schizophreniaa particularly severe form of the disease characterized by acute psychotic breaks and disturbed body movements.

The reason has been a mystery, but some researchers suspect it has to do with one or more of the genes on chromosome 21, which people with Down syndrome have three copies of instead of the normal two.

The arrangement of genes on the chromosome is not a map of the plant's regulatory circuits.

Studies in mice and other animals have uncovered clues about the function of a few of the genes on chromosome 21, but many remain understudied.

Not exact matches

Discovering the approximate location on the chromosome of the gene or genes responsible for a given disease will permit doctors to diagnose a genetic disease or predisposition before the onset of symptoms.

Some genes have a variety of different forms, which are located at the same position on a chromosome; an allele is such a variant form of a gene.

The gene for fur coloration resides on the X chromosome, while each of the two X chromosomes codes for a different color: black or orange.

In 1999 Huda Zoghbi, a specialist in pediatric neurological disorders at Baylor College of Medicine in Dallas, found that RS was likely caused by a mutation in the gene Mecp2, located on the X chromosome.

Researchers think it acts on another gene called lymphocyte activation gene - III, located at the other end of the same chromosome.

Variants in the gene called Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (TERT) on chromosome 5 that were associated with older IEAA were also associated with longer telomeres indicating a critical role for TERT in regulating the epigenetic clock, in addition to its established role of compensating for cell replication - dependent telomere shortening.

A girl who inherits one defective copy of such a gene from her parents has a backup on her other X chromosome.

Aedes aegypti mosquitoes engineered with some built - in parts of the gene editor have their guide RNA split into two parts and put on different chromosomes, says molecular biologist Omar Akbari of the University of California, San Diego.

It is currently unclear why this is so, despite the apparent existence of a mechanism that makes it hard for orphan genes to «survive» on the X chromosome.

The SRY (sex - determining region Y) gene on the male's Y chromosome orchestrates the formation of the testes, while the gonadal precursor will differentiate into an ovary by default (in the absence of the steroids produced by the testes).

The mutation is on the X chromosome so female children with two X chromosomes should have at least one functioning copy of the gene.

There he did research on the X chromosome, with hopes of someday finding the gay gene or genes themselves.

University of Adelaide School of Molecular and Biomedical Science PhD student, Deborah Toledo - Flores, says: «the most important aspect of this work for us was to identify more genes on platypus Y chromosomes to reveal new leads about potential sex determining genes in these animals.»

Y. Ning et al., Genetic analysis of indefinite division of human cells: Evidence for a cell senescence - related gene (s) on human chromosome 4.

The causative gene for Huntington's disease, HD, one of the first genes identified to cause an inherited disease, is located on chromosome 4.

The boosted genes had three main beneficial effects: improving the efficiency of mitochondria, the powerhouse of cells; boosting insulin production, which improves control of blood sugar; and preventing the depletion of telomeres, caps on chromosomes that help to keep DNA stable and so prevent cells wearing out and ageing.

Scientists are a step closer to discovering what determines the sex of Australia's iconic platypus and echidna, after an international study involving researchers from the University of Adelaide and UNSW Australia unravelled new genes contained on mammalian Y chromosomes.

When the researchers compared the mRNA to a library of DNA sequences taken from the dendrites of neurons by James Eberwine of the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, they found that it came from a single gene on chromosome X — the human version of which, when mutated, leads to fragile - X syndrome.

The boosted genes had three main effects: improving cellular energy efficiency; upping insulin production, which improves control of blood sugar; and preventing the breakdown of caps on chromosomes that help prevent cells wearing out and ageing.

By combining each mouse's genome, phenome, proteome and metabolome, the scientists were able to identify a particular gene, located on their chromosome 2, and whose presence plays an important role in the development of type 2 diabetes «The mice with a high - fat diet are more or less likely to develop diabetes depending on whether this gene is active or not,» said Evan Williams, LISP PhD student and the article's co-first author.

A gene is a hereditary unit consisting of DNA that occupies a spot on a chromosome and determines a characteristic in an organism.

Deletion of the fission yeastpot1 + gene has an immediate effect on chromosome stability, causing rapid loss of telomeric DNA and chromosome circularization.

«As the Y chromosome evolved, it withered away, losing most of the 1000 genes that are found on today's X chromosomes.

Since genes for the T - cell receptor beta chain were previously shown to be on mouse chromosome 6, all three of the Ig - like multigene families expressed and rearranged in T cells are located on different chromosomes, just as are the B - cell multigene families for the Ig heavy chain, and the Ig kappa and lambda light chains.

While chimps have only two copies of the salivary amylase gene (one on each of the relevant chromosome pair), humans have an average of six, with some people having as many as 15 (Nature Genetics, vol 39, p 1256).

Lu's team will extract immune cells called T cells from the blood of the enrolled patients, and then use CRISPR — Cas9 technology — which pairs a molecular guide able to identify specific genetic sequences on a chromosome with an enzyme that can snip the chromosome at that spot — to knock out a gene in the cells.

Women tend to be protected from diseases related to genes on the X because female cells randomly inactivate one of the X chromosomes, and that leaves some cells with a normal copy up and running.

Others have found that boys are more vulnerable than girls to the long - term impact of maltreatment in childhood, and the risk of such boys becoming antisocial in later life seems to be related to a gene on the X chromosome, although not one that is imprinted.

The new analysis, based on data assembled primarily by graduate student Yan - Jie Feng at Sun Yat - Sen University in Guangzhou, China, focused on the sequences of 95 genes located on chromosomes in the nucleus and how they changed over time.

Using the new data, Laura Carrel, a geneticist at Pennsylvania State College of Medicine in Hershey, and Huntington Willard, a geneticist at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, discovered that 15 percent of the genes on the inactivated X chromosome are actually not silenced — and most are likely to be expressed at higher levels overall in women than men.

Rudolph Tanzi of Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston and Ellen Wijsman of the University of Washington, Seattle, both say that they have checked large databases and have found «no evidence» of an AD gene on chromosome 12.

Reviewing thousands of genome wide associate studies (GWAS) to identify genetic variants in single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), investigators at Dartmouth's Norris Cotton Cancer Center found that some alleles (one of a pair of genes located on a specific chromosome) are more frequently risk - associated with disease than protective.

Individuals with one altered gene had longer telomeres, the caps on the ends of chromosomes that wear away as we get older, and appeared to be protected against diabetes, the researchers report.

Meanwhile, they've found that although the X chromosome contains a meager 1,098 genes, 10 percent of them are turned on in the testes.

The project leader, Mark Ross of the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute in Hinxton, England, speculates that it may not be advantageous for some genes to be on the X chromosome because of its unequal distribution among men and women.