Topics at «Genetics — Moving to the Center of Healthcare» include the role
of genomic testing in guiding cancer treatment, approaches to helping families that are coping with genetic diagnoses, and interpretation and use of genomic sequencing results in the newborn population.
Friday, Oct. 9, 4:30 - 6:30 pm, Ballroom I Platform Session: Changing landscape
of genomic testing Moderator (s): Lora Bean, Emory University; and Belinda Chong, VCGS, MCRI
Those experts also called for insurance coverage, via Medicare and perhaps private insurers,
of genomic testing of tumors, said Barrett J. Rollins, chief scientific officer at the Dana - Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, who attended the meeting.
Reasons for the attrition rate included absence of effective drugs, timing
of genomic testing in the course of a patient's disease, less - than - optimal access to targeted drugs or clinical trials, and patient and provider preferences.
No new metastases have been noted «I live in gratitude for all the professionals working in the area
of genomic testing and targeted treatment.
Other investors in the Multicoin fundraising round include David Sacks, the first chief operating officer of PayPal and founder of enterprise social network Yammer, and Elad Gil, co-founder
of genomic testing company Color Genomics, Samani told Reuters.
Clinical trials for targeted therapies, selected on the basis
of the genomic tests, are scheduled to begin in early 2007.
Egan said it was previously impossible to conduct this kind of study because of the expense
of genomic tests.
Not exact matches
Genetic
testing is all the rage in biopharma these days, with players ranging from pharmaceutical giants to dozens
of upstarts getting into the
genomics game.
Dr. Eric Topol, a cardiologist and professor
of genomics at the Scripps Research Institute in California, said there was great potential value in consumer
genomics tests, particularly with services like those developed by Geisinger, Invitae and Sema4 that are backed by strong data.
Other notable details about Age 1: Deming says that she and her advisors — including serial entrepreneur Elad Gil, who most recently co-founded the
genomics testing company Color
Genomics — will be «quite flexible» when it comes to the stage
of applicants.
Mr Smallwood said ABS had been an earlier adopter
of genomic technology, in which breeding values were calculated from the results
of a DNA
test, particularly in having its genetics
tested on the Australian system.
That's what the Beef Improvement Federation, a group that advances the science
of beef genetics, did when it invited Tom Lawlor, a
genomics expert for Holstein USA, to share his industry's experience with DNA
testing.
This portion
of the pharmaceutical process, in which drug candidates are identified and
tested, now employs many
of the latest findings in
genomics and proteomics.
We have
tested this hypothesis by estimating
genomic point mutation rates for protein - coding genes in a range
of animal taxa.
Consequently, «physicians without specialized genetics training will be increasingly called upon to order
genomic testing and use the results in the care
of their patients.»
After the tumor was surgically removed, Kalish asked her hospital's
genomics lab to run a sophisticated
test on chromosome 11 to see whether there was one copy
of the chromosome that looked like it came from mom and one that looked like dad's, or two copies that were methylated like the father's.
For women with Ashkenazi ancestry, the
test «is not too bad as a screen,» said Robert Cook - Deegan
of Arizona State University, a longtime scholar in the field
of genomics ethics and law.
Instead
of systematically
testing the effects
of known compounds — the pharmaceutical industry's basic model for more than a century — scientists can now investigate backward, combing through
genomic data to find links between specific genotypes and diseases and then screening drug data to identify therapeutic candidates.
The researchers conducted genetic
testing of the plant, as well as
genomic research and computational modeling to arrive at their conclusions.
Kaufman, meanwhile, has found that a minority
of his respondents misunderstand the «relative risk» figures provided by personal
genomics firms, particularly when the risks are below average — a relative risk
of 0.8, for instance, indicates that the person
tested is 20 per cent less likely to develop a condition than a typical member
of the same population.
The 15 AACR scientists, who were already in Washington, D.C., to meet with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration on genetic
testing for cancer patients, tossed around ideas including expanding NCI's tumor genome - sequencing efforts and getting the government to cover the costs
of genomic tumor profiling.
23andMe is a personal
genomics company that provides direct - to - consumer genetic
testing and services that include the analysis
of DNA samples to generate ancestry - related genetic reports.
Tamayo and team
tested REVEALER using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the National Institutes
of Health's database
of genomic information from more than 500 human tumors representing many cancer types.
«This study demonstrates the value
of testing lung cancer tissue for an ALK rearrangement, and it underscores the potential
of cancer
genomics to target cancer treatments to each patient,» says the study's senior author, Pasi A. Jänne, MD, PhD, who is the director
of the Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology
of Dana - Farber.
The computational problems involved in interpreting
genomic tests are several orders
of magnitude more challenging that those posed by scanning a database
of 4.4 million traditional records, says John Lutz, IBM's vice president
of on - demand business.
Collins, who points out that the commitment
of the genome project to address ethical issues as well as generate data came at the project's inception, describes four categories
of questions: Fairness and privacy; implementation
of new medical practices based on
genomic data (e.g., genetic
testing); use
of human subjects; and public education.
He foresees «a whole cadre
of tests,» including genetic,
genomic and epigenetic.
The
genomic tests confirmed this, but they also revealed a pattern in the way that natural selection was playing out at each
of the localities.
To find out whether this was the case, Egan and a dozen co-authors led by University
of Sheffield biologist Patrik Nosil conducted four years
of detailed
genomic and ecological
tests.
What happened reflects «a rush» to move
genomics - based
tests into the clinic and commercialize them, says committee chair Gilbert Omenn, a computational biologist at the University
of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Bloomfield said updating the ELN recommendations was prompted by new insights into the molecular and
genomic causes
of the disease, by the development
of new genetic
tests and
tests for detecting minimal residual disease and by the development
of novel anti-leukemic agents.
In addition to much needed conservation efforts, Detwiler and her team also are working to solve the evolutionary puzzle
of the Dryas monkey using
genomic research to
test the hypothesis that this species is a close relative
of the Vervet monkey.
«Patients are receiving
genomic tests and benefiting from them; there are real live people being taken care
of now.»
They conducted complete
genomic sequencing
of all genes implicated in breast cancer on DNA samples from breast cancer patients who had normal BRCA1 and BRCA2 commercial
test results.
They do social science, health, philosophical, policy, or legal research on topics such as privacy, confidentiality, the psychological impact
of genetic information, informed - consent issues in
genomics research, commercialization
of genetic products, genetically modified foods, behavioral genetics, gene
testing, and gene therapy.
The next round
of biomarker - drug combos didn't appear until 2004, when
Genomic Health, a small start - up in Silicon Valley, launched a
test called OncotypeDx.
In the case
of the family examined by the Brigham
Genomic Medicine Program (BGMP), the primary patient
tested negative for the genetic mutations that cause Marfan syndrome as well as all other mutations known to cause TAAD.
For patients with difficult - to - treat cancers, doctors increasingly rely on
genomic testing of tumors to identify errors in the DNA that indicate a tumor can be targeted by existing therapies.
This opens up the exciting possibility
of delivering precise treatment for advanced prostate cancer, guided by
genomic testing and based on the particular molecular characteristics
of patients» tumours.
To help detect genetic mutations and better understand this disease, a group
of researchers at USU and the nationwide Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network examined 173 tumors, performing six
genomic tests, such as DNA and RNA sequencing.
«Our study found that the ability to balance on one leg is an important
test for brain health,» said Yasuharu Tabara, Ph.D., lead study author and associate professor at the Center for
Genomic Medicine at Kyoto University Graduate School
of Medicine in Kyoto, Japan.
Unlike most other
genomic testing programs, Profile tumor analysis is offered to all patients regardless
of age, cancer type, or stage
of the cancer.
MacConaill noted that the results
of Profile
genomic testing are being used to further research within the institutions and are being shared more widely with initiatives like Project GENIE
of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), which will help advance the field
of precision medicine.
With the recent publication
of a large data set
of 763 microsatellite markers — short stretches
of DNA that are repeated in the genome — from 53 populations in the Human Genome Diversity Project, evolutionary geneticists William Amos and Joe Hoffman
of the University
of Cambridge in the United Kingdom had enough
genomic data to
test both models.
Oncologists also acknowledged in the study by Dr. Yvonne Bombard, a
genomics health services researcher in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute
of St. Michael's Hospital, that they may not be explaining the
test in a way that patients understand what it does.
The report gave some examples
of how
genomic testing clarified or changed a patient's diagnosis, which in turn altered treatment and prognosis.
The mouse model for uveitis was developed by Dr Virginia Calder (UCL Institute
of Ophthalmology), allowing the team to
test their
genomic findings.
And in only a minority
of cases — about 10 percent across the cohort, the researchers estimated — was the
test information used in caring for the patient, although in some cancer types
genomic results were used in a much higher percent
of cases.
«This
test is the result
of data coming from modern, cutting - edge
genomic technologies, and thus it is exciting to see the bench to bedside story fulfilled.»