Sentences with phrase «of glacier termini»

To give another, more specific example, at a typical glacier on Mt. Baker, in Washington State, a summer temperature increase of 1 °C translates to a ~ 150 m increase in the altitude of the equilibrium line (the point where annual ice accumulation = annual loss), and a resulting ~ 2 km retreat of the glacier terminus.

If the combination of climate and ice dynamics determines that the glacier is advancing, the advance of the glacier terminus expands the overall glacier area.

Not exact matches

More specifically, using digital scans of paper maps based on aerial imagery acquired by the U.S. Geological Survey, along with modern - day satellite imagery from a variety of platforms, the authors digitized a total of 49 maps and images from which they calculated changes in the terminus positions, ice speed, calving rates and ice front advance and retreat rates from 34 glaciers in this region over the period 1955 - 2015.

A small, frozen lake sits at the left - hand terminus of the glacier.

The exhibition also includes an image of the terminus of the Piedras Blancas glacier, revealing the almost lunar - like landscape of the rocky, barren ground remaining as the glacier recedes.

First, it provides a compilation of global trends in glacier terminus positions since 1600 A.D. Second, it uses this compilation to create a new estimate of global temperature change.

Calving from the floating termini of outlet glaciers and ice shelves is just the beginning of an interesting chain of events that can subsequently have important impacts on human life and property.

In 2002, the 12 km (7.5 mile) long floating terminus of the glacier entered a phase of rapid retreat, with the ice front breaking up and the floating terminus disintegrating and accelerating to a retreat rate of over 30 m (100 ft) per day.

The glacier terminus region also had a consistent velocity of 19 meters / day (maximum of 26 m in glacier center), from season to season and year to year....

In the U.S. this is perhaps most famously observed in Glacier National Park, where the terminus of glaciers have retreated by several kilometers in the past century, and could be gone before the next century (see e.g. the USGS web site, here, and here).

The glacier terminus region also had a consistent velocity of 19 meters / day (maximum of 26 m in glacier center), from season to season and year to year, the glacier seemed to be in balance, as I noted in a 1989paper.

Their observations were that the region of lightly grounded ice at the glacier terminus is extending upstream, and the changes inland are consistent with the effects of a prolonged disturbance to the ice flow, such as the effects of ocean - driven melting.

Equivalently, while the increase in terminus speed and the glaciers overall maximum speed may remain under a factor of five, as the terminus retreats farther inland where the speeds now are comparatively slow, the relative speedup is much greater (e.g., if the terminus retreated to M26 with a speed of 16 000 m yr − 1, this would represent a twelve-fold speedup).

In commenting on their findings, the three researchers write that «the large number of stable glacier termini and glacier advances is influenced by positive glacier mass balances in the central Karakoram during the last decade,» citing Gardelle et al. (2012, 2013) and Kaab et al. (2012), which they indicate is «induced by increasing winter precipitation and decreasing summer temperatures since the 1960s,» citing Archer and Fowler (2004), Williams and Ferrigno (2010), Bolch et al. (2012), Yao et al. (2012) and Bocchiola and Diolaiuti (2013).

We have many temperate glaciers that rival the size of the terminus reach of many Greenland glaciers and the ice is somewhat but not greatly weaker.

In a recent paper in press in the Journal of Glaciology Ian Howat and others examined changes in terminus position, surface elevation and flow on 32 glaciers along the southeast coast of Greenland from 200-2006.

Terminus behavior and response time of North Cascade glaciers, Washington U.S.A. Journal of Glaciology 47, 497 - 506.

The terminus behavior and response time of North Cascade glaciers.

All of Norway's glaciers completely disappeared at least once, 11,39 and Greenland's greatest glaciers, like the Jakobshavn, remained much further inland than now observed.29 Like many northern glaciers, Jakobshavn had only recently advanced past its present terminus during the unprecedented cold of the Little Ice Age.

The average terminus retreatment of analysed 29 glaciers was about 372 37 m (7.0 m a1) in 1958 to 2011 with retreat rate of 6.1 1.9 m a1 in 1958 - 75 and nearly its double in 2008 - 11.

«More than 65 % of the monsoon - influenced glaciers that we observed are retreating, but heavily debris - covered glaciers with stagnant low - gradient terminus regions typically have stable fronts,» the authors write, adding that «In contrast, more than 50 % of observed glaciers in the westerlies - influenced Karakoram region in the northwestern Himalaya are advancing or stable.»

Howat and others (2008) examined changes in terminus position, surface elevation and flow on 32 glaciers along the southeast coast of Greenland from 2000 - 2006.

We often focus on terminus change of a glacier which tells us how the glacier is currently responding to recent climate.

Measurements of glacier discharge are monitored on surface drainage basins on glaciers and beyond the terminus of glaciers.

We are still left with the main cause of glacier acceleration in Greenland resulting from dynamic thinning of the terminus zone of the marine terminating outlet glacier reducing the effective bed pressure, allowing acceleration — the Jakobshavn effect.

From 2000 to 2005, Kangerdlugssuaq glacier was the fastest - moving glacier on Greenland, retreating around eight to nine miles (13 to 14 kilometers) per year.2 The end (terminus) of the glacier not only retreated from the ocean but also thinned by more than 820 feet (250 meters) during that period.2

The ice sheet loses most of its mass on the perimeter, through a dozen relatively fast - moving glaciers that have recently become thinner, significantly increased their rates of retreat, and broken up at the ocean end (the terminus).

Scientists have recently observed major changes in these glaciers: several have broken up at the ocean end (the terminus), and many have doubled the speed at which they are retreating.2, 5 This has meant a major increase in the amount of ice and water they discharge into the ocean, contributing to sea - level rise, which threatens low - lying populations.2, 3,5 Accelerated melting also adds freshwater to the oceans, altering ecosystems and changing ocean circulation and regional weather patterns.7 (See Greenland ice sheet hotspot for more information.)

During the same period, the terminus of the glacier thinned.2 The correlation of these glacial changes with rising temperatures implies that warming influences glacier motion almost immediately.1, 2,7,8

Each of these glaciers is fast - flowing at the terminus; the fast flow section extends inland into the ice sheet up a sub-glacial trough.

A small, frozen lake sits at the left - hand terminus of the glacier.

Like Jakobshavn Isbræ, many of Greenland's glaciers have broken up at the ocean end (terminus), 2 and many have doubled in speed.2, 4

2001: with Cliff Hedlund: The terminus behavior and response time of North Cascade glaciers.

The total area of glacier ice left including the stagnant section by the northern terminus is 0.9 km2 less than 30 % of the area of just 30 years ago.

Glaciers are not just retreating at the terminus, lateral and even retreat at the head of the glacier can also be substantial.

Terminus of glacier and sea ice are at top left.