However, as Timothy explained in # 121, in addition to the direct sea level rise that occurs when ice shelves melt, there is a much larger secondary effect, in that ice shelves act as a brake, greatly reducing the rate of flow
of the glaciers behind them from the land to the sea; and when ice shelves melt, the rate of glacier flow increases quite rapidly.
All told, if the eastern and western Antarctic ice shelves were to melt completely, they would raise sea levels by as much as 230 feet (70 meters); the collapse of smaller shelves like Larsen B has sped up the flow
of glaciers behind them into the sea, contributing to the creeping up of high tide levels around the world.
Sediment cores the team collected by drilling in front of the current Cosgrove Ice Shelf indicate that relatively warm ocean waters dissolved the vast ice shelf and even
some of the glacier behind it about 2000 years ago, they recently reported.
Not exact matches
Once again, the demise
of floating ice removed the backstop that stabilized
glaciers behind it.
In a new study, Stuart Thomson, a geologist at the University
of Arizona (UA) in Tucson, looked into the past by decoding sands deposited by the river, and the messy piles left
behind by the
glacier.
When the earth warmed and the
glacier receded, the rubble was left
behind as a series
of low hills.
At the grounding line, the ice detaches from the bedrock and juts out into the water as a kind
of floating ledge, or ice shelf, which helps to stabilize the
glacier and hold back the flow
of ice
behind it.
But some
of the debris, like boulders, drops out and is left
behind as the
glacier retreats.
The cosmic rays produce rare chemicals in the rocks, and by analyzing the concentrations
of those chemical isotopes, researchers at Schaefer's lab are able to determine just how long ago the rocks were first exposed to the sun — and thus when they were left
behind by the
glacier.
These ice shelves are responsible for stabilizing the
glacier and hold back the flood
of ice
behind them.
«The traditional view
of the loss
of land ice on Earth has been that mountain
glaciers and ice caps are the dominant contributors, and ice sheets are following
behind,» said study co-author Eric Rignot, a glaciologist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and the University
of California, Irvine.
Gray rubble on the flanks
of Mauna Kea on the island
of Hawaii lie in contrast to the red volcanic rock
behind them, and were deposited by a
glacier that disappeared thousands
of years ago.
The team
behind the current research looked at what we do know about Greenlandic and Antarctic
glaciers, about the rates
of flow and the factors that might prevent acceleration.
Melting
glaciers turning land to bog was
behind widespread extinctions
of animals like the giant sloth and woolly mammoth between 15,000 and 11,000 years ago.
We stopped just a few times to admire the surroundings: the valley
behind us that faded in and out
of view with the clouds that passed over it, the needle - sharp ridges on each side that were too steep even for snow to stick, the thick
glacier sitting just a few hundred feet to our right.
As the
glacier / icefjord icebergs advance with a speed
of over 30 m / day, any dam (how heavy it may be made) will be pushed away by the forces
behind the ice front... Not to be forgotten the harsh winter freezing there...
A question that arose in subsequent online discussion was to what extent Oerlemans had relied on
glaciers from tropical regions (answer: he didn't), and what the reasons are
behind retreat
of glaciers in these regions.
But there is this much physics
behind it: both the melting
of glaciers and the warming
of ocean water is driven by the imbalance between incoming and outgoing heat energy.
A full explanation will require numerical modeling
of glacier flow, but observations to date suggest that ice shelves act as «braking» systems on the
glaciers behind them.
Glaciers as Reservoirs:
Glaciers act as natural reservoirs storing water in a frozen state instead
of behind a dam.
Also, the «response time»
of glaciers reflect the past climate, but «teasing out the drivers
of forces
behind the observed changes, such as, shrinking
of Quelccaya Ice Cap, are complex,» he says.
The researchers
behind the study recorded the progress
of ice caps and
glaciers throughout the world over an eight - year period in order to estimate their contribution to sea - level rise.
At the grounding line, the ice detaches from the bedrock and juts out into the water as a kind
of floating ledge, or ice shelf, which helps to stabilize the
glacier and hold back the flow
of ice
behind it.
They then turned to the glacial lakes − bodies
of water left
behind as a
glacier retreats.
The ice shelves act as giant buffers, slowing the flow
of glaciers from the frozen land
behind them.
I can; t get at the full paper, as it is
behind a paywall and my Big Oil cheque seems to have been delayed yet again, but even the abstract says that the
glacier advance was due to increased precipitation, and makes no mention
of temperature.
Also from that article: «Michael Zemp and colleagues from the World Glacier Monitoring Service at the University
of Zurich in Switzerland believe that warmer air temperatures in Europe in recent decades is
behind the rapid loss
of Alpine
glaciers.
Loss
of the Antarctic ice shelves, which extend from the southern polar land mass over the underwater continental shelf, are likely to result in the
glaciers behind them flowing more rapidly into [continue reading...]
The flow
of glaciers held
behind the ice shelf accelerated.
With temperatures in the region rising fast, in line with global warming climate model projections, it seems the death
of Patagonia's
glaciers has man's hand
behind it.