Sentences with phrase «of global aerosol models»

Improved in situ, satellite and surface - based measurements have enabled verification of global aerosol models.

Not exact matches

And by carefully measuring and modeling the resulting changes in atmospheric composition, scientists could improve their estimate of how sensitive Earth's climate is to CO2, said lead author Joyce Penner, a professor of atmospheric science at the University of Michigan whose work focuses on improving global climate models and their ability to model the interplay between clouds and aerosol particles.

Now, the NSF is helping researchers develop new chemical models that will provide better estimates on the global contribution of these aerosols.

Unfortunately, current simulation models, which combine global climate models with aerosol transport models, consistently underestimate the amount of these aerosols in the Arctic compared to actual measurements during the spring and winter seasons, making it difficult to accurately assess the impact of these substances on the climate.

Such model included meteorological factors like levels of aerosols, anthropogenic and biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ozone, carbon dioxide, methane, and other items that influence global temperature — the surface albedo among them.

Using climate models and data collected about aerosols and meteorology over the past 30 years, the researchers found that air pollution over Asia — much of it coming from China — is impacting global air circulations.

Past calculations of the cooling effect of aerosols have been inferred from «missing» global warming predicted by climate models.

Scientists are involved in the evaluation of global - scale climate models, regional studies of the coupled atmosphere / ocean / ice systems, regional severe weather detection and prediction, measuring the local and global impact of the aerosols and pollutants, detecting lightning from space and the general development of remotely - sensed data bases.

The data has been massaged to make them fit the models, but then the new figure are completely incompatible with the effects of aerosols which it is purported are causing global dimming.

FMI has been involved in research project, which evaluated the simulations of long - range transport of BB aerosol by the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS - 5) and four other global aerosol models over the complete South African - Atlantic region using Cloud - Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) observations to find any distinguishing or common model aerosol by the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS - 5) and four other global aerosol models over the complete South African - Atlantic region using Cloud - Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) observations to find any distinguishing or common model aerosol models over the complete South African - Atlantic region using Cloud - Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) observations to find any distinguishing or common model Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) observations to find any distinguishing or common model biases.

Themes: Aerosols, Arctic and Antarctic climate, Atmospheric Science, Climate modelling, Climate sensitivity, Extreme events, Global warming, Greenhouse gases, Mitigation of Climate Change, Present - day observations, Oceans, Paleo - climate, Responses to common contrarian arguments, The Practice of Science, Solar forcing, Projections of future climate, Climate in the media, Meeting Reports, Miscellaneous.

Sally, who was nominated by Dr. Beat Schmid, Associate Director, Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, was honored for her exceptional contribution in the field of atmospheric science, particularly in her efforts to improve understanding of the radiative effect of clouds and aerosols on the Earth's atmosphere and their representation in climate models.

Global climate models are essential tools for understanding climate change and for developing policy regarding future emissions of greenhouse gases, primary aerosol particles, and aerosol precursor gases.

«Until recently, aerosol processes were under - represented in global climate models because of disconnects between various research programs,» explained Ghan.

Methods: Scientists at PNNL developed a new aerosol - climate model as an extension of a multi-scale modeling framework model that embeds a cloud - resolving model (CRM) within each grid column of a global climate model.

In Stage 4, these aerosol models are validated and coupled to global climate models, which also incorporate models of the land surface, ocean, and sea ice.

These programs focus on climate, aerosol and cloud physics; global and regional scale modeling; integrated assessment of global change; and complex regional meteorology and chemistry.

Parameterizations of cloud microphysics, cumulus clouds, and aerosol - cloud interactions in regional / global climate models

Much of the uncertainty in projections of global climate change is due to the complexity of clouds, aerosols, and cloud - aerosol interactions, and the difficulty of incorporating this information into climate models.

Mission The mission of PNNL's Aerosol Climate Initiative is to advance the current scientific understanding and parameterization of aerosol processes and properties to improve comprehensive climate modeling frameworks and to inform policy decisions related to global climate change and the environmental impacts of aeAerosol Climate Initiative is to advance the current scientific understanding and parameterization of aerosol processes and properties to improve comprehensive climate modeling frameworks and to inform policy decisions related to global climate change and the environmental impacts of aeaerosol processes and properties to improve comprehensive climate modeling frameworks and to inform policy decisions related to global climate change and the environmental impacts of aerosols.

He has had a central role in PNNL's global aerosol, chemistry, and climate modeling, and in modeling studies of aerosols and cloud - aerosol interactions at local and regional scales.

Takemura, T., et al., 2002: Single scattering albedo and radiative forcing of various aerosol species with a global three - dimensional model.

Within the integrated Earth system science paradigm, our major research thrusts include the physics and chemistry of aerosols, clouds and precipitation; integrating our understanding of climate, energy, and other human and natural systems through the development and application of models that span a wide range of spatial scales; and determining the impacts of and informing responses to climate and other global and regional environmental changes.

Kinne, S., et al., 2003: Monthly averages of aerosol properties: A global comparison among models, satellite, and AERONET ground data.

To find out if including the shielding of PAHs by viscous aerosols would improve global atmosphere models, the scientists used laboratory experiments to develop a new way of representing PAHs in a global model.

«We developed and implemented new modeling approaches based on laboratory measurements to include shielding of toxics by organic aerosols in a global atmosphere model that resulted in large improvements of model predictions,» said PNNL scientist Dr. Manish Shrivastava.

Spatial distributions and seasonal cycles of aerosol climate effects in India seen in a global climate - aerosol model.

The information can be applied, for example, in global climate models to improve the description of aerosols and clouds,» says Researcher Juha Tonttila.

The data has been massaged to make them fit the models, but then the new figure are completely incompatible with the effects of aerosols which it is purported are causing global dimming.

Summary for Policymakers Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Observations: Atmosphere and Surface Chapter 3: Observations: Ocean Chapter 4: Observations: Cryosphere Chapter 5: Information from Paleoclimate Archives Chapter 6: Carbon and Other Biogeochemical Cycles Chapter 7: Clouds and Aerosols Chapter 8: Anthropogenic and Natural Radiative Forcing Chapter 8 Supplement Chapter 9: Evaluation of Climate Models Chapter 10: Detection and Attribution of Climate Change: from Global to Regional Chapter 11: Near - term Climate Change: Projections and Predictability Chapter 12: Long - term Climate Change: Projections, Commitments and Irreversibility Chapter 13: Sea Level Change Chapter 14: Climate Phenomena and their Relevance for Future Regional Climate Change Chapter 14 Supplement Technical Summary

«A Global Average Model of Atmospheric Aerosols for Radiative Transfer Calculations.»

The global Aerosol Model Intercomparison project, AeroCom, has also been initiated in order to improve understanding of uncertainties of model estimates, and to reduce them (Kinne et al., 2Model Intercomparison project, AeroCom, has also been initiated in order to improve understanding of uncertainties of model estimates, and to reduce them (Kinne et al., 2model estimates, and to reduce them (Kinne et al., 2003).

Constraining the influence of natural variability to improve estimates of global aerosol indirect effects in a nudged version of the Community Atmosphere Model 5.

Here I summarize two recent papers that model solar radiation management: the practice of offsetting global warming by partially blocking sunlight, whether by seeding clouds, adding sulfate aerosols to the stratosphere, or placing giant mirrors in space.

Lee, Y.H., P.J. Adams, and D.T. Shindell, 2015: Evaluation of the global aerosol microphysical ModelE2 - TOMAS model against satellite and ground - based observations.

As part of my past and ongoing research I have used a range of observations and models to examine how clouds interact with background aerosols, how clouds respond to warming, and what role clouds play in the global water cycle.

Basic physical science considerations, exploratory climate modeling, and the impacts of volcanic aerosols on climate all suggest that SWCE could partially compensate for some effects — particularly net global warming — of increased atmospheric CO2.

I'm puzzled by your assignment of only a 30 percent probability to the proposition that «Global climate model simulations that include anthropogenic forcing (greenhouse gases and pollution aerosol) provide better agreement with historical observations in the second half of the 20th century than do simulations with only natural forcing (solar and volcanoes).»

Global climate model simulations that include anthropogenic forcing (greenhouse gases and pollution aerosol) provide better agreement with historical observations in the second half of the 20th century than do simulations with only natural forcing (solar and volcanoes).

The input of assumed anthropogenic aerosol cooling is needed because the model «ran hot»; i.e. it showed an amount and a rate of global warming which was greater than was observed over the twentieth century.

the assumed degree of anthropogenic aerosol cooling input to each model as a «fiddle factor» to obtain agreement between past average global temperature and the model's indications of average global temperature.

None of the models — not one of them — could match the change in mean global temperature over the past century if it did not utilise a unique value of assumed cooling from aerosols.

More than a decade ago I published a peer - reviewed paper that showed the UK's Hadley Centre general circulation model (GCM) could not model climate and only obtained agreement between past average global temperature and the model's indications of average global temperature by forcing the agreement with an input of assumed anthropogenic aerosol cooling.

If the aerosol hypothesis were correct then the global distribution of warming and cooling over the twentieth century would be matched by the model which was adjusted with the aerosol cooling.

««Climate model simulations that consider only natural solar variability and volcanic aerosols since 1750 — omitting observed increases in greenhouse gases — are able to fit the observations of global temperatures only up until about 1950.»

In our study, we tested 17 recent global BC models from an aerosol model intercomparison group known as AeroCom against a variety of measurements.

We track each of these types within the global GISS «ModelE» aerosol model.

However, there is not compelling evidence that anthropogenic CO2 was sufficient to influence Earth's temperatures prior to 1950, i.e. «Climate model simulations that consider only natural solar variability and volcanic aerosols since 1750 — omitting observed increases in greenhouse gases — are able to fit the observations of global temperatures only up until about 1950.»

http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/3525/2016/ Kristiansen, N. I., Stohl, A., Olivié, D. J. L., Croft, B., Søvde, O. A., Klein, H., Christoudias, T., Kunkel, D., Leadbetter, S. J., Lee, Y. H., Zhang, K., Tsigaridis, K., Bergman, T., Evangeliou, N., Wang, H., Ma, P. - L., Easter, R. C., Rasch, P. J., Liu, X., Pitari, G., Di Genova, G., Zhao, S. Y., Balkanski, Y., Bauer, S. E., Faluvegi, G. S., Kokkola, H., Martin, R. V., Pierce, J. R., Schulz, M., Shindell, D., Tost, H., and Zhang, H.: Evaluation of observed and modelled aerosol lifetimes using radioactive tracers of opportunity and an ensemble of 19 global models, Atmos.

2) CAGW movement type models never reconstruct any lengthy past history accurately without creative and unique adjustment of aerosol values used as a fudge factor; that is why models of widely varying sensitivities supposedly all accurately reconstruct the past (different made - up assumed historical values used for each) but fail in future prediction, like they didn't predict how global average temperatures have been flat to declining over the past 15 years.