Sentences with phrase «of global annual average»

However, for 1950 - 2000, the trends of global annual average Tmin for windy, calm, and all conditions were virtually identical at 0.20 °C — 0.06 °C decade (Fig. 4a, b and Table 1).

«However, for 1950» $» 2000, the trends of global annual average Tmin for windy, calm, and all conditions were virtually identical»

The assumption of a global annual average increase in the coming decades +1 C and +2 C, is of little use in defining changes in climate impacts at the regional and local scale, which are so dependent in how large scale circulation features would change in the coming decades.

This figure shows the range of global annual average SSTs obtained by reducing each year to the coverage of years in the nineteenth century.

(Orbital forcing doesn't have much of a global annual average forcing, and it's even concievable that the sensitivity to orbital forcing as measured in terms of global averages and the long - term response (temporal scale of ice sheet response) might be approaching infinity or even be negative (if more sunlight is directed onto an ice sheet, the global average albedo might increase, but the ice sheet would be more likely to decay, with a global average albedo feedback that causes warming).

What's more, there are several long - term records of global annual average surface temperatures.

So, for example, the range indicated by the blue area in the upper panel for 2006 shows the range of global annual averages obtained by reducing the coverage of 2006 successively to be at least as bad as 1850, 1851, 1852 and so on to 1899.

Not exact matches

In fact, 2015 was the fourth straight year in which global GDP growth, estimated at 3.1 %, fell short of the 30 - year annual average of 3.6 %.

Oakmark Global Fund — Investor Class Average Annual Total Returns (12/31/16) Since Inception (08/04/99) 9.91 % 10 — year 4.65 % 5 — year 10.83 % 1 — year 4.65 % 3 — month 7.63 % Expense Ratio as of 09/30/16 was 1.17 %

Two severe bear markets and a near - collapse of the global financial system pushed the average annual returns down to negative numbers.

Oakmark Global Select Fund - Investor Class Average Annual Total Returns (09/30/17) Since Inception (10/02/06) 9.05 % 10 — year 8.35 % 5 — year 14.92 % 1 — year 26.41 % 3 — month 4.71 % Expense Ratio as of 09/30/16 was 1.15 %

Oakmark Global Select Fund - Investor Class Average Annual Total Returns (12/31/17) Since Inception (10/02/06) 9.12 % 10 — year 9.60 % 5 — year 13.24 % 1 — year 21.18 % 3 — month 2.98 % Gross Expense Ratio as of 09/30/16 was 1.22 % Net Expense Ratio as of 09/30/16 was 1.15 % Gross Expense Ratio as of 09/30/17 was 1.19 % Net Expense Ratio as of 09/30/17 was 1.12 %

Global bioplastics for the packaging industry is forecast to grow from 2017 — 2022 at an annual average rate of 17 % to a market value of almost $ 7.2 billion, according to a Smithers Pira report.

Experts at the Global Carbon Project and the University of East Anglia in the United Kingdom found emissions globally could drop as much as 0.6 percent this year — after growing at that rate in 2014 — a sharp difference from the 2.4 percent annual growth rate the world has averaged in the past decade.

The campaign was founded in 2003 by 30 people with AU$ 54,000 in donations and has grown more steadily over the last 10 years to about 5 million global members, raising AU$ 136 million in 2014 with an average annual growth rate of over 100 % (ref.

Bowen and colleagues report that carbonate or limestone nodules in Wyoming sediment cores show the global warming episode 55.5 million to 55.3 million years ago involved the average annual release of a minimum of 0.9 petagrams (1.98 trillion pounds) of carbon to the atmosphere, and probably much more over shorter periods.

But it will take a couple of years — until about 2016, Tans estimates — for annual global - average CO2 levels to surpass 400 ppm.

Taking nitrogen and phosphorus into account brought down the researchers» average prediction of annual global carbon storage by 25 % compared with the IPCC figures, the team reports online today in Nature Geoscience.

In its annual analysis of trends in global carbon dioxide emissions, the Global Carbon Project (GCP) published three peer - reviewed articles identifying the challenges for society to keep global average warming less than 2 °C above pre-industrial lglobal carbon dioxide emissions, the Global Carbon Project (GCP) published three peer - reviewed articles identifying the challenges for society to keep global average warming less than 2 °C above pre-industrial lGlobal Carbon Project (GCP) published three peer - reviewed articles identifying the challenges for society to keep global average warming less than 2 °C above pre-industrial lglobal average warming less than 2 °C above pre-industrial levels.

Granted, while the globally averaged annual temperatures for the years since the record warm year of 1998 have not exceeded the 1998 record, the global temperatures since 1998 have remained high, ranking as the second, third and fourth warmest years of the last 125 years (and quit possibly the last 2,000 + years).

This is the case from the perspective of daily highs and lows all the way up to annual average global temperatures.

Overall, the global annual temperature has increased at an average rate of 0.07 °C (0.13 °F) per decade since 1880 and at an average rate of 0.17 °C (0.31 °F) per decade since 1970.»

Figure 1: Annual global temperature change (thin light red) with 11 year moving average of temperature (thick dark red).

If long - term global warming is to be limited to a maximum of 2 °C elsius above preindustrial values, average annual per - capita emissions in industrialized nations will have to be reduced by around 80 - 95 % below 1990 levels by 2050.

Which of the various data sets of average annual global temperature anomaly is closest to the truth?

It also marks 38 straight years of above - average global annual temperatures.

The classic Global Couch Potato portfolio provided healthy average annual returns of 10.0 % from the start of 1981 through 2015, assuming the portfolio's four indexes were rebalanced back to equal dollar amounts each month instead of annually.

Beginning May 1, 2016, Southeastern has agreed to waive fees and / or reimburse expenses so that Global Fund Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses (excluding interest, taxes, brokerage commissions and extraordinary expenses) do not exceed 1.2 % of average net assets on an annualized basis.

According to Canadian ETF Outlook 2015, the global ETF market totalled US$ 2.86 trillion in AUM as of Aug. 31, and had an average annual growth rate of 24.2 % during the past 10 years.

Some performance highlights of the year included; Rasmala Global Sukuk Fund, which generated a net return for investors of 4.97 per cent; the Rasmala GCC Fixed - Income Fund, which produced a net return of 6.83 per cent and Rasmala Leasing Funds 1 and 2, which have to date paid average annual cash distributions of 12 per cent and 9.2 per cent respectively.

The Credit Suisse Global Investment Returns Yearbook for 2017 reports that an index of the world's stocks provided an average annual real return of 5.1 % from 1900 through 2016.

As mentioned in the article Ariel Global Fund (Institutional Class) had average annual total returns of 16.5 % for the three - year period ended July 14, 2015.

Ariel Global Fund (Investor Class) had average annual total returns of 16.2 % for the three - year period ended July 14, 2015.

But even then the «fraction of the anomaly due to global warming» is somewhat arbitrary because it depends on the chosen baseline for defining the anomaly — is it the average July temperature, or typical previous summer heat waves (however defined), or the average summer temperature, or the average annual temperature?

... Polar amplification explains in part why Greenland Ice Sheet and the West Antarctic Ice Sheet appear to be highly sensitive to relatively small increases in CO2 concentration and global mean temperature... Polar amplification occurs if the magnitude of zonally averaged surface temperature change at high latitudes exceeds the globally averaged temperature change, in response to climate forcings and on time scales greater than the annual cycle.

Granted, while the globally averaged annual temperatures for the years since the record warm year of 1998 have not exceeded the 1998 record, the global temperatures since 1998 have remained high, ranking as the second, third and fourth warmest years of the last 125 years (and quit possibly the last 2,000 + years).

Please note shortwave albedo of Earth has large spatio - temporal variations, but its annual global average is restricted to a narrow range, even if it is not determined by simple material constraints, but by an intricate interplay between many internal degrees of freedom.

This time global annual SAT surged again but only enough to equal the average of the model ensemble.

Thus, the simplest thing to do is to: a) construct a time series of annual global temperature averages, add a random component to each year (value drawn from a gaussian with the given standard deviation and mean zero).

Now I've seen mentions that (strong) El Nino years will make the global annual average higher — e.g. 1998 was so warm partly because of El Nino, and that this is due to the fact that sub-surface warmer water is brought up and allowed to affect the air temperature.

But more generally, something I've wondered is: while in the global annual average, aerosols could be said to partly cancel (net effect) the warming from anthropogenic greenhouse forcing, the circulatory, latitudinal, regional, seasonal, diurnal, and internal variability changes would be some combination of reduced changes from reduced AGW + some other changes related to aerosol forcing.

The records of annual average global temperature represent the extreme but also carry weight because all other local information has been lost.

(57k) When I state that the equilibrium climatic response must balance imposed RF (and feedbacks that occur), I am referring to a global time average RF and global time average response (in terms of radiative and convective fluxes), on a time scale sufficient to characterize the climatic state (including cycles driven by externally - forced cycles (diurnal, annual) and internal variability.

Re 37 Kevin McKinney — actually, orbitally - forced global annual average changes in TOA solar insolation are very small (in the case of Earth) and depend only on variations in eccentricity (setting aside the idea that there is a plane of dust and the plane of the orbit has a significant effect that way — heard the idea awhile ago, not sure there's much to support it?).

Alignment of perihelion near winter solstice would reduce the annual average insolation (because that hemisphere'til ts away» from the sun during the time of year when global TOA insolation is largest) while reducing the seasonal range (tendency for cooler summers, warmer winters - but also, longer spring - summer and shorter fall - winter because the Earth's angular speed around the Sun is faster when Earth is closer to the Sun.

This is an issue because we know there is a substantial long - term natural cooling trend for high - latitude summers because of Earth orbital effects, but the trend is nearly zero in the global annual average.

For the purposes of this report, radiative forcing is further defined as the change relative to the year 1750 and, unless otherwise noted, refers to a global and annual average value.

Across the 20 countries with the largest clean cooking access gaps representing 84 percent of the global population without access, annual finance committed averaged just $ 32 million, compared to the estimated annual investment need of at least $ 4.4 billion.

The range of seasonal CO2 variation is ~ 16ppm at Barrow Alaska versus ~ 1ppm at the South Pole, versus an average annual increase in global CO2 of ~ 1.5 ppm.

The scientists, using computer models, compared their results with observations and concluded that global average annual temperatures have been lower than they would otherwise have been because of the oscillation.