Researchers at Rice University and Lomonosov Moscow State University discovered that tiny bits
of graphene oxide bond with radioactive contaminants, turning them into huge extractable clusters.
The other one is threads
of graphene oxide, a form of graphene that can be mixed with other materials.
Noncovalent interactions between π - orbitals on the polymer and the graphene oxide bind the surfactant to its target and reduce aggregation
of graphene oxide nanosheets, allowing full reduction of their surface bonds.
Molecular dynamics simulations show that a preferential binding of PSS one side
of the graphene oxide nanosheets gives rise to the curvature of the nanosheet during scroll formation, in part from the hydrophilic nature of the PSS layer.
Immune response is required for the control of in vivo translocation and chronic toxicity
of graphene oxide.
Comprising tiny rolled sheets
of graphene oxide, these structures can zip around easily through both oil and water, picking up any oil particles they encounter and transporting them as cargo for later release.
Thus, a laser - based technology for reduction
of graphene oxide, conversion of the solution based metal oxide precursor and patterning of graphene electrodes and metal oxide semiconductor was developed.
Researchers at University of California, Riverside have measured the mobility
of graphene oxide (GO) in water and have determined that it could move around easily if it were released into lakes and streams.
In other research published in the Journal of Hazardous Materials («Investigation of acute effects
of graphene oxide on wastewater microbial community: A case study»), investigators determined that the toxicity of GO was dose dependent and was toxic in the range of 50 to 300 mg / L.
As Jake Lanphere, a UC Riverside graduate student who co-authored the paper, which was published in the journal Environmental Engineering Science («Stability and Transport
of Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles in Groundwater and Surface Water»), explained to Nanoclast in an email interview: «Other studies have looked at ideal lab conditions that do not necessarily reflect the conditions one might find in aquatic environments.
Stein and Amadei first used a common technique called the Hummers» method to separate graphite flakes into individual layers
of graphene oxide.
3D - printing bacterial ink onto sheets
of graphene oxide could make precise patterns of highly - conductive material in a cheaper and easier way
Stein and Amadei applied both techniques to solutions
of graphene oxide flakes and observed similar effects: The bubbles that were created in solution eventually collapsed, releasing energy that caused the flakes to spontaneously curl into scrolls.
Higher frequencies and shorter treatments did not lead to significant damage
of the graphene oxide flakes and produced larger scrolls, while low frequencies and longer treatment times tended to cleave flakes apart and create smaller scrolls.
«Unlike standard methods for manipulating the properties
of graphene oxide, our process can be implemented under ambient conditions and is environmentally - benign, making it a promising step towards the practical integration
of graphene oxide into future technologies.»
Binghamton University researchers have demonstrated an eco-friendly process that enables unprecedented spatial control over the electrical properties
of graphene oxide.
They showed that the lithium ions form a thin film on the surface
of the graphene oxide and then diffuse through defect sites — essentially gaps in the layers of the material — before settling below the bottom layer
of the graphene oxide.
A camera flash allowed the researchers to remove oxygen from, or reduce, just one side of a sheet
of graphene oxide.
But recently, scientists have discovered that radioactive materials in water can clump onto flakes
of graphene oxide (GO).
The ability to modulate the physical properties
of graphene oxide within electronic components could have numerous applications in technology.
«Super-strong graphene oxide: In situ bandgap tuning
of graphene oxide achieved by electrochemical bias.»
Not exact matches
A few years ago, his lab made
graphene oxide — a functional form
of graphene — and fabricated it into a multilayer, micrometer - thick, paper - like membrane.
The researchers discovered that heat - treating
graphene oxide and small amounts
of cobalt salts in a gaseous environment forced individual cobalt atoms to bind to the material.
This allows the tiny capillaries
of the
graphene -
oxide membranes to block the salt from flowing along with the water.
Previous research at The University
of Manchester found that if immersed in water,
graphene -
oxide membranes become slightly swollen and smaller salts flow through the membrane along with water, but larger ions or molecules are blocked.
They plan to draw from the full suite
of available 2D layered materials, including
graphene, boron nitride, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), transition metal
oxides (TMOs), and topological insulators (TIs).
It is hoped that
graphene -
oxide membrane systems can be built on smaller scales making this technology accessible to countries which do not have the financial infrastructure to fund large plants without compromising the yield
of fresh water produced.
It involved dispersing
graphene oxide in a solution, loading in a small amount
of ruthenium and then freeze - drying the new solution and turning it into a foam.
Dr Joshi said: «The new treatment system is made by converting naturally occurring graphite into
graphene oxide membranes that allow high water flow at atmospheric pressure, while removing virtually all
of the organic matter.»
However, this approach requires precision engineering
of nano - features (in a detection chip), complex optical setups, novel nano - probes (such as
graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, and gold nanorods) or additional amplification steps such as aggregation
of nanoparticles to achieve sensitive detection
of biomarkers.
Dr Joshi has an international reputation in this area, having published many highly cited articles including one in the journal Science on
graphene oxide - based filtration in 2014 while working at the University
of Manchester with Nobel Laureate Sir Andre Geim.
Researchers at Penn State and Shinshu University in Japan have developed a simple, scalable method
of making
graphene oxide (GO) fibers that are strong, stretchable and can be easily scrolled into yarns with strengths approaching that
of Kevlar.
Researchers at Umeå University, together with researchers at Uppsala University and Stockholm University, show in a new study how nitrogen doped
graphene can be rolled into perfect Archimedean nano scrolls by adhering magnetic iron
oxide nanoparticles on the surface
of the
graphene sheets.
Further testing
of the material suggested that crosslinking, or bonding, using transition metals and rare - earth metals, caused the
graphene oxide to possess new semiconducting, magnetic and optical properties.
Graphene oxide is a common intermediate for graphene and graphene - derived materials made from graphite, which is a crystalline form of
Graphene oxide is a common intermediate for
graphene and graphene - derived materials made from graphite, which is a crystalline form of
graphene and
graphene - derived materials made from graphite, which is a crystalline form of
graphene - derived materials made from graphite, which is a crystalline form
of carbon.
«Remarkably, simple treatment
of the
graphene - molybdenum
oxides with sulfur, which converted the metal
oxides to metal sulfides, afforded a hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst, underscoring the broad utility
of this approach,» he said.
The team, led by Prof Ian Kinloch, Prof Robert Freer and Yue Lin, added a small amount
of graphene to strontium titanium
oxide.
«The development
of smart materials such as moisture - responsive
graphene oxide is
of great importance to automation and robotics,» said Yong - Lai Zhang
of Jilin University, China, and leader
of the research team.
In the journal Optical Materials Express, from The Optical Society (OSA), the researchers reported that
graphene oxide sheets treated with brief exposure to bright light in the form
of a camera flash exhibited reversible bending at angles from zero to 85 degrees in response to switching the relative humidity between 33 and 86 percent.
The researchers also made a claw shape by sticking together eight 5 - by - 1 millimeter ribbons
of flash - treated
graphene oxide in a star shape.
By 3D printing the bacteria in precise patterns on the
graphene oxide, they hope to carve lines
of conductivity, like tiny wires, on an otherwise non-conductive surface.
An electron microscope image shows flake - like nanoplatelets made
of graphene quantum dots drawn from coal and
graphene oxide sheets, modified with boron and nitrogen.
Because the process developed by Mativetsky avoids the use
of harmful chemicals, high temperatures or inert gas atmospheres, his work represents a promising step towards environmentally - friendly manufacturing with
graphene oxide.
By using the probe
of an atomic force microscope to trigger a local chemical reaction, Jeffrey Mativetsky, assistant professor
of physics at Binghamton University, and PhD student Austin Faucett showed that electrically conductive features as small as four nanometers can be patterned into individual
graphene oxide sheets.
For example, by removing some
of the oxygen from
graphene oxide, the electrically insulating material can be rendered conductive, opening up prospects for use in flexible electronics, sensors, solar cells and biomedical devices.
Schematics
of lithum deposition mechanism in the case
of graphene -
oxide - modified samples.
«
Graphene oxide is two to four orders
of magnitude cheaper, and with our technique, we can tune the dimensions
of these architectures and open a window to industry.»
5 sessions run in parallel for the whole week to cover a broad range
of topics from
graphene to molecules on surfaces, from surface magnetism to
oxide surfaces and interfaces.
Amadei, as a member
of Professor Chad Vecitis» lab at Harvard University, had been working with
graphene oxide for water purification applications, while Stein was experimenting with carbon nanotubes and other nanoscale architectures, as part
of a group led by Brian Wardle, professor
of aeronautics and astronautics at MIT.
«And you can tune the separation
of a nanoscroll's layers, and do all sorts
of neat things with
graphene oxide that you can't really do with nanotubes and
graphene itself,» Stein adds.