Sentences with phrase «of halocarbon»

Complementing these regulations, Canada has published an Environmental Code of Practice outlining best practices to minimize and eliminate emissions of halocarbon refrigerants when operating and servicing refrigeration and air conditioning equipment.

Requirements for the preparation and implementation of pollution prevention plans for sound end - of - life management of halocarbon refrigerants were also recently published.

A global protocol, the Montreal Protocol, came in to force in 1987 which sought to prohibit the use of halocarbon compounds as a measure to limit stratospheric ozone depletion.

Some greenhouse gases (most of the halocarbons, for example) have no natural source.

Combustion of coal, oil, and natural gas, and to a lesser extent deforestation, land - cover change, and emissions of halocarbons and other greenhouse gases, are rapidly increasing the atmospheric concentrations of climate - warming gases.

The Montreal Protocol is a 1980s - era international environmental treaty that restricted the use of some halocarbons, the chemicals causing the hole in the ozone layer.

In 1990, emissions of halocarbons and other halogenated compounds occurred almost exclusively in the OECD90 region, which contributed 95 % to the world total (Figure 5 - 19).

At this time, there will be a lesser offset of the positive greenhouse effects of the halocarbons and the other well - mixed greenhouse gases (WMO, 1999).

The introduction of halocarbons in the mid-20th century has contributed an additional +0.34 Wm for a total forcing by WMGHGs of +2.45 Wm with a 15 % margin of uncertainty.

Not exact matches

In 2004, Looy and her former Ph.D. advisor Henk Visscher proposed one way this might have played out, bases on fossilized abnormal plant spores found worldwide: volcanic gases — halocarbons like methyl chloride and methyl bromide — destroyed much or all of Earth's ozone layer, boosting UV - B exposure that would have affected life and potentially increased the genetic mutation rates in pollen and spores of plants worldwide.

Drivers of Climate Change Atmospheric concentrations of many gases — primarily carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and halocarbons (gases once used widely as refrigerants and spray propellants)-- have increased because of human activities.

Some sub-levers of the super pollutant lever (1) seem very practical, such as the phasing out halocarbons.

Halocarbons are short - lived, but they trapped a lot of heat in the atmosphere.

Results show that the globally and annually averaged radiative forcing caused by the observed loss of sea ice in the Arctic between 1979 and 2007 is approximately 0.1 W m − 2; a complete removal of Arctic sea ice results in a forcing of about 0.7 W m − 2, while a more realistic ice - free - summer scenario (no ice for one month, decreased ice at all other times of the year) results in a forcing of about 0.3 W m − 2, similar to present - day anthropogenic forcing caused by halocarbons.

Other aspects (temperature, winds, etc.) of the atmospheric environment and chemicals other than halocarbons can also influence the ozone layer.

Logarithmic (base 10) mixing ratios of radiatively - active halocarbon and sulfur species versus time from NOAA observations.

Consequently, the most advanced climate models now require, in addition to concentrations or emissions of greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O and halocarbons), emissions of reactive gases and aerosol precursor compounds (SO2, NOx, VOC, BC, OC and NH3), to model atmospheric chemistry and interactions with the climate system.6 For most variables, a sectoral differentiation would improve the quality of the calculations (e.g. from power plants and agricultural burning).

Increasing concentrations of the long - lived greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), halocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6); hereinafter LLGHGs) have led to a combined RF of +2.63 [± 0.26] W m — 2.

Emissions of the six kinds of air pollutants causing the problem — CO2, methane, black carbon, halocarbons, nitrous oxide, and carbon monoxide, plus VOCs — must all be reduced dramatically.

Moreover, there are a number of entirely human - made greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as the halocarbons and other chlorine - and bromine - containing substances, dealt with under the Montreal Protocol.

We validated parameterization of the model diffusivity using CH4 and three halocarbon species (CFC11, CFC113, and CCl4) for which atmospheric histories have been estimated from emission scenarios and real - time measurements (60 — 62).

And now Part Six covers the subject of how transmittance — and τ — change with some of the minor «greenhouse» gases, like N2O, CH4 and halocarbons.

Water vapor is a highly variable gas and has long been recognized as an important player in the cocktail of greenhouse gases — carbon dioxide, methane, halocarbons, nitrous oxide, and others — that affect climate.