The area of near - surface permafrost in the Northern Hemisphere is projected to decline by 20 % relative to today's area by 2040, and could be reduced by as much as two - thirds by 2080 under a scenario
of high greenhouse gas emissions.
It takes decades for even the most immediate result
of higher greenhouse gas levels — a rise in surface temperatures — to become apparent.
Not exact matches
«We would agree that Alberta's historic focus on maximizing oilsands production... rather than optimizing production on the
highest quality ore may be having unnecessary environmental impacts on things like
greenhouse gas intensity and tailings production and lowering returns to Albertans as the owners
of the resource,» said Simon Dyer
of the Pembina Institute, a clean energy think - tank.
China continues to lead in the ranking
of the world's top 40 renewable energy markets, despite its continuing
high greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on coal.
«We can in fact help other parts
of the world reduce their
greenhouse gas emissions dramatically by providing them with lower - carbon fuels in other parts
of the world where they are using very
high - carbon fuels like coal.»
Tending to the soil increases the amount
of greenhouse gasses sequestered, and means healthier plants with
higher yields.
Through the project's
greenhouse gas accounting, build local awareness about the value
of maintaining and restoring forest cover, and improve the desirability
of maintaining shade coffee over cattle ranching or other activities with a
higher ecological impact.
The world's food security would be ensured even with over 9 billion people in 2050, agricultural land area would not increase,
greenhouse gas emissions would be lowered and the negative effects
of today's intensive food systems, such as nitrogen surplus and
high pesticide exposure, would be greatly reduced.
Traits targeted for improvement include
higher nutritional quality; tolerance
of pests, diseases, and environmental stresses, such as flood and drought; and reduced
greenhouse gas emissions.
Meat production is responsible for 14.5 per cent
of global
greenhouse gas emissions, according to the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization, with some scientists saying the percentage is
higher.
Greenhouse gases rose slightly each year between 2013 and 2015, when they reached 98.3 million tons, 11 percent
higher than 1990 levels, said Bill Drumheller, who tracks the state's emissions at the Washington Department
of Ecology.
The number
of days each year above 95 ° Fahrenheit (35 ° Celsius) is expected to rise across the United States, and average summer temperatures will reach new heights if
greenhouse gas emissions remain
high.
That's why we have to look at the balance in terms
of what is cheaper: Can we reduce emissions
of greenhouse gases today so that we can stabilize the earth's climate, rather than adapt to the impacts
of climate change and incur much
higher costs over a period
of time?
Meanwhile, researchers were showing that besides soil and water contamination, hog CAFOs emit
high volumes
of the potent
greenhouse gas methane (pound for pound, hog manure produces twice the methane
of cattle manure) and ammonia, which has been linked to respiratory ailments.
Headed toward an 8 F rise in warming Other such low - probability but
high - risk scenarios mentioned in the report include ecosystem collapses, destabilization
of methane stored in the seafloor and rapid
greenhouse gas emissions from thawing Arctic permafrost.
From climate campaigners to
high - level diplomats, those who are committed to fighting global warming say making a strong agreement in Paris next year that radically reduces levels
of greenhouse gas emissions is critical.
They don't need as much space as livestock, emit lower levels
of greenhouse gases, and have a sky -
high feed conversion rate: a single kilogram
of feed yields 12 times more edible cricket protein than beef protein.
«Globally, beef production can be taxing on the environment, leading to
high greenhouse gas emissions and land degradation,» said Jason Rowntree, MSU associate professor
of animal science, who led the study.
Yet the analysis shows that even with
higher gas prices, coal plants still fail to be economically competitive under the new
greenhouse gas rule, which requires that fossil plants not exceed emission rates
of 1,000 pounds
of CO2 per megawatt - hour.
Algae production consumes more energy, has
higher greenhouse gas emissions and uses more water than other biofuel sources, like corn, switch grass and canola, Clarens and his colleagues found by using a statistical model to compare growth data
of algae with conventional crops.
Methane is a key
greenhouse gas; the Arctic is a key region for natural emissions
of methane;
high summer and autumn are key periods when emissions can peak and change rapidly.
Yet the practice is widespread, in part because oil prices have been much
higher in recent years and because it is hard to find new multimillion barrel reservoirs these days, especially in the picked over U.S. Denbury, based in Plano, Texas, controls more than 1,000 miles
of CO2 pipelines and has published reserves
of 17 trillion cubic feet
of the
greenhouse gas, used to pump more than 70,000 barrels
of oil a day.
Professor David Schultz, one
of the authors
of the guest editorial, said: «One
of the long - term effects
of climate change is often predicted to be an increase in the intensity and frequency
of many
high - impact weather events, so reducing
greenhouse gas emissions is often seen to be the response to the problem.
These conflicts have stalled some
high - profile projects despite the fact that renewable energy sources do not produce heat - trapping emissions
of carbon dioxides, the primary
greenhouse gas driving global warming.
Charlie's research told him that during El Niño weather cycles, the surface seawaters in the Great Barrier Reef lagoon, already heated to unusually
high levels by
greenhouse gas — induced warming, were being pulsed from a mass
of ocean water known as the Western Pacific Warm Pool onto the reef's delicate living corals.
Speaking at the start
of an Environment and Public Works Committee hearing where he is the second
highest - ranking member, the Montana Democrat said he wanted to weaken the bill's 2020 target for
greenhouse gas emissions — now 20 percent below 2005 levels.
Decades
of climate change bring risks that people will accept
higher temperatures, with more heatwaves, downpours and droughts, as normal and complicate government plans to do more to cut emissions
of greenhouse gas emissions.
«Our study shows that many
of these deaths can be averted by limiting
greenhouse gas emissions and pursuing measures to help people adapt to
high temperatures.»
The
high spatial and temporal resolution
of the SWITCH model permits an assessment
of the energy generation, resource demands, and
greenhouse gas emissions that come with different mixes
of energy generation and distribution choices» says Daniel Kammen.
At the height
of the last interglacial, when
greenhouse -
gas levels were roughly similar to current values, the global sea level was 4 - 6 metres
higher than it is today.
But current methods to desalinate water come at a very
high cost in terms
of energy, which means more
greenhouse gases and more global warming.
The first, tentative models suggest that extracting large amounts
of energy from
high - altitude jet streams would cool the planet, counteracting the effects
of rising
greenhouse gases.
In his new paper, Lovejoy applies the same approach to the 15 - year period after 1998, during which globally averaged temperatures remained
high by historical standards, but were somewhat below most predictions generated by the complex computer models used by scientists to estimate the effects
of greenhouse -
gas emissions.
And ozone, which forms a beneficial shield against ultraviolet radiation when
high in the stratosphere, is an efficient
greenhouse gas when it appears at airliner altitudes — as it increasingly does, since it too is a by - product
of fossil fuel burning.
At
higher temperatures, less
of the
gas is absorbed, and the ocean releases more carbon dioxide into the air, contributing to a runaway
greenhouse effect.
The 80 minutes
of occasionally spirited argument at the
high court this morning focused on the two main issues in the
greenhouse gas litigation: For the case to go forward, the plaintiffs must prove that the case has legal standing (they must show that the court is the right venue for resolving this dispute), and that the common law definition
of nuisance can support suits over
greenhouse gases.
The researchers find that «ocean - driven melt is an important driver
of Antarctic ice shelf retreat where warm water is in contact with shelves, but in
high greenhouse -
gas emissions scenarios, atmospheric warming soon overtakes the ocean as the dominant driver
of Antarctic ice loss.»
The biologists predict that a temperature rise
of 1 degree Celsius leads to 6 - 20 percent
higher emission
of methane bubbles, which in turn leads to additional
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and to an additional temperature increase.
Greenhouse gas release has been linked overwhelmingly, at least up until recently, to the
high - consumption habits
of the industrial nations.
This year has already brought
higher temperatures than normal nation - wide, and that trend is expected to continue, in part due to global warming which is caused by rising concentrations
of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
Conventional processing methods use a
high - temperature blast furnace to heat the iron ore and other compounds to remove oxygen and yield a desired alloy, a method that creates a lot
of carbon dioxide, according to a report last year from U.S. EPA on
greenhouse gas emissions from the iron and steel sector.
The atmospheric concentration
of carbon dioxide, a critical
greenhouse gas, is
higher than it has been for at least 650,000 years.
Saunders also defended the study's use
of medium - to -
high emissions estimates from the IPCC, saying he expects the international body to issue even
higher greenhouse gas predictions in its next five - year study, in 2012.
When this model was then applied to the future, they found that in a world
of continuing
high greenhouse gas emissions, the threshold for widespread drought - induced vascular damage would be crossed and initiate widespread tree deaths on average across climate model projections in the 2050s.
The world could cut
greenhouse emissions by fracking for
gas and replacing coal - fired power stations, but use
of gas could then lock us into a
high - carbon future.
Increased cooling means increased consumption
of electrical power and therefore
higher emissions
of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, driving global warming even faster.
Meat accounted for 70 percent
of the food - associated
greenhouse gas emissions in the
highest - impact group but only 27 percent in the lowest - impact group.
«A big take home message for me is the fact that
high - impact diets are such a large part
of the overall contribution to food - related
greenhouse gases,» said U-M researcher Martin Heller, first author
of a paper scheduled for publication March 20 in the journal Environmental Research Letters.
The most contentious issue this year was whether to highlight economic groupings
of nations, such as
high or low income, and illustrations showing how each group was contributing to the growth
of greenhouse gas emissions were particularly controversial.
«Sparing tracts
of land as natural habitat is much better for the vast majority
of species than a halfway house
of lower - yielding but «wildlife - friendly» farming, and we have recently shown that in the UK land spared through
high - yield farming could even sequester enough
greenhouse gases to mitigate the UK's agricultural emissions *,» said Balmford.