Sentences with phrase «of human brain disorders»

FGPs are thought to be important in a variety of human brain disorders and conditions.

«Horse sickness shares signs of human brain disorders, study finds.»

Not exact matches

Eric Topol speaks with Edward Boyden about the promise of optogenetics, from treating common brain disorders to unlocking what it means to be human.

Dr. Perry's research includes: the effects of prenatal drug exposure on brain development, the neurobiology of human neuropsychiatric disorders, the neurophysiology of traumatic life events, and long - term cognitive, behavioral, emotional, social and physiological effects of neglect and trauma in children, adolescents and adults.

Professor Jianfeng Feng commented that new technology has made it possible to conduct this trail - blazing study: «human intelligence is a widely and hotly debated topic and only recently have advanced brain imaging techniques, such as those used in our current study, given us the opportunity to gain sufficient insights to resolve this and inform developments in artificial intelligence, as well as help establish the basis for understanding and diagnosis of debilitating human mental disorders such as schizophrenia and depression.»

A recent study published in Annals of Neurology reports that healthy human tissue grafted to the brains of patients with Huntington's disease in the hopes of treating the neurological disorder also developed signs of the illness, several years after the graft.

By doing so, members of Gould's laboratory pinpointed brain cells and regions important to anxiety regulation that may help scientists better understand and treat human anxiety disorders, she said.

«The project's goal is to accelerate the development of technologies for mapping the brain's circuitry in animal models, specifically in the marmoset monkey, whose neural circuits are much closer to human compared with rodent models, and to connect the results to the diagnosis and treatment of human neurological disorders and mental illness.»

While mouse models have traditionally been used in studying the genetic disorder, Deng said the animal model is inadequate because the human brain is more complicated, and much of that complexity arises from astroglia cells, the star - shaped cells that play an important role in the physical structure of the brain as well as in the transmission of nerve impulses.

If so, it would mean that, rather than being an 18,000 - year - old representative of a new species, the hobbit was just a modern human with a growth disorder that left it with a brain the size of a grapefruit, among other odd traits, which is what critics have argued all along.

Jasanoff is critical of how the cerebral mystique reduces problems of human behavior, such as drug addiction or eating disorders, to problems of the brain.

A neuroscientist at Rutgers University - Newark says the human brain operates much the same whether active or at rest — a finding that could provide a better understanding of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and other serious mental health conditions that afflict an estimated 13.6 million Americans.

Prions, whose normal function is unclear, are the likely cause of mad cow disease and similar brain disorders in animals and humans.

«The imaging technique could shed light on the immune dysfunction that underpins a broad range of neuroinflammatory diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and addiction,» said Christine Sandiego, PhD, lead author of the study and a researcher from the department of psychiatry at the Yale School of Medicine in New Haven, Conn. «This is the first human study that accurately measures this immune response in the brain.

Additionally, 2013 MRI research from Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University and McLean Imaging Center at McLean Hospital showed that the structural brain abnormalities of Doberman pinschers afflicted with canine compulsive disorder (CCD) were similar to those of humans with OCD.

The authors suggest that the intricate balance between the signaling of neurons in these three brain regions may be crucial for normal social behavior in humans, and that disruption may contribute to various psychiatric conditions, including autistic spectrum disorders.

German and Canadian scientists have built a three dimensional map of the human brain to help in the development of new treatments for neurological disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.

Brain Institute demonstrates in songbirds the necessity of this neural circuit to learn vocalizations at a young age, a finding that expands the scientific understanding of some contributing factors in speech disorders in humans.

In a study spanning molecular genetics, stem cells and the sciences of both brain and behavior, researchers at University of California San Diego, with colleagues at the Salk Institute of Biological Studies and elsewhere, have created a neurodevelopmental model of a rare genetic disorder that may provide new insights into the underlying neurobiology of the human social brain.

The letter further contends that recent chimp studies for the first time have identified «unique features of the human brain and have documented the unusual vulnerability of humans to a variety of disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, infectious diseases, cancer, and heart disease.»

Most modern studies of bipolar disorder have concentrated on the brain's cortex, the largest part of the brain in humans, associated with higher - level thought and action.

Though these findings have been obtained in mice, the scientists hypothesize that disrupted coordination between the development of the microglia and that of the brain contributes to an increased risk of such neurodevelopmental disorders as autism and schizophrenia in human beings.

If the new mechanism also operates in the human brain and can be potentiated, this could become of clinical importance not only for stroke patients, but also for replacing neurons which have died, thus restoring function in patients with other disorders such as Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease,» says Olle Lindvall, Senior Professor of Neurology.

The scientists say their study, published in Frontiers of Neuroscience, opens a pathway to studying bat brains in order to understand certain human language disorders and potentially even improving computer speech recognition.

Dr. Zhu said he believes the study provides the scientific community with an important animal model to further investigate ARID1B's role in human brain disorders and will be a useful tool for therapeutic testing of potential treatments for autism, intellectual disability, and Coffin - Siris syndrome.

Working with mouse, fly and human cells and tissue, Johns Hopkins researchers report new evidence that disruptions in the movement of cellular materials in and out of a cell's control center — the nucleus — appear to be a direct cause of brain cell death in Huntington's disease, an inherited adult neurodegenerative disorder.

«We can't guess the biology of human brains and neurodevelopmental disorders just by studying mouse brains.»

In the new study, the researchers discovered that during the second trimester of human brain development, oRG cells express genes related to a fundamental signaling pathway called mTOR, defects in which have previously been implicated in autism and several other psychiatric disorders.

«The method thus opens up completely new opportunities for investigating disorders in the architecture of the developing human brain,» explains Dr. Julia Ladewig, who leads a working group on brain development.

Developmental disorders of the human brain can thus only be resembled to a limited degree in the animal model.

Researchers found that levels of neurotrophic factor (BDNF) nearly doubled in the brains of vulnerable mice, a finding that could point to a therapeutic target in humans for combating post-traumatic stress disorder and depression.

If the approach also works with human cells, it could eventually lead to cell therapies for diseases like inherited leukodystrophies — disorders of the brain's white matter — and multiple sclerosis, as well as spinal cord injuries.

The results of their work, the researchers say, may advance scientific understanding of how genes linked to the risk of human bipolar disorder change neuronal circuits in the brain, and may offer an animal model for testing new treatments.

The test tube finding, reported in the current Cell, could help explain the formation of prions — the tangled proteins that are implicated in mad cow disease and several human brain disorders — and eventually may lead to a way to smooth out these rogue proteins.

This information is used to understand the role of electrical function in human brain disorders.

In a first - of - its - kind effort to illuminate the biochemical impact of trauma, researchers at NYU Langone Medical Center have discovered a connection between the quantity of cannabinoid receptors in the human brain, known as CB1 receptors, and post-traumatic stress disorder, the chronic, disabling condition that can plague trauma victims with flashbacks, nightmares and emotional instability.

A recent human study also indicated a genetic association of the αCaMKII gene with bipolar disorder, and decreased expression of αCaMKII has been observed in postmortem brains of patients with bipolar disorder.

These so - called bioreactors, and the mini-brains they foster, should open other new and valuable windows into human brain development, brain disorders and drug testing — and perhaps even produce neurons for treatment of Parkinson's disease and other disorders, the investigators say.

«This is the first instance I am aware of where an academic drug discovery group moved a molecule designed to hopefully treat a chronic brain disorder all the way from early discovery to human trials without there being, at some point along the way, a pharmaceutical partner,» said P. Jeffrey Conn, Ph.D., Lee E. Limbird Professor of Pharmacology in the Vanderbilt University School of Medicine and director of the Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery (VCNDD).

Mice inserted with a rare human genetic variation in the dopamine transporter could lead to improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of brain disorders.

The transgenic mouse, into which was inserted a rare human genetic variation in the dopamine transporter (DAT), could lead to improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of these all - too - common brain disorders, said Randy Blakely, Ph.D., the report's senior author.

On the negative side, the researchers found that many of the genes whose activity is unique to modern humans are linked to diseases like Alzheimer's disease, autism and schizophrenia, suggesting that these recent changes in our brain may underlie some of the psychiatric disorders that are so common in humans today.

Brain disorders represent an enormous burden on society in terms of human suffering and economic cost.

Its mission is to provide a resource for researchers studying the human brain and the neurobiological causes of brain disorders.

From the bakery to the brain business: developing inducible yeast models of human neurodegenerative disorders.

Now researchers at UC San Francisco have taken the first step toward a comprehensive atlas of gene expression in cells across the developing human brain, making available new insights into how specific cells and gene networks contribute to building this most complex of organs, and serving as a resource for researchers around the world to study the interplay between these genetic programs and neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism, intellectual disability and schizophrenia.

The brains of aging humans are prone to neurodegenerative disorders and we are unable to counteract neuronal loss by regenerating lost cells.

From MIT Tech Review: «A new method for growing human brain cells could unlock the mysteries of dementia, mental illness, and other neurological disorders.»

Developing zebrafish models of complex phenotypes relevant to human brain disorders.

Human genetic studies strongly point to apolipoprotein E (APOE) and microglia (the immune cells of the brain) as, respectively, the most important gene and cell type in the chain of events leading to Alzheimer's disease (AD), a common disorder in the elderly in which the brain is damaged and memories falter.