Clinton released a joint statement with Blair today, arguing for the rapid release
of human genome data.
The scientists noted that the steady flow
of human genome data has been a boon to research and has not cluttered up databases with incomplete information, as some had feared.
Not exact matches
«DNA is so unique, and there are so many
data sources out there, that it is incredibly hard to fully anonymize — and more so to promise and provide any absolute guarantee that the
data are anonymized,» says Laura Lyman Rodriguez, the director
of policy, communications and education at the National
Human Genome Research Institute.
Given Britain's involvement in an international research consortium formed to create the most detailed and medically useful picture
of human genetic variation to date, tonight's other discussion points include the scientific value
of the information and the regulatory implications
of providing public access to personal
genome data through academic research projects, as well as through commercial organisations.
When her appointment came to a close, a colleague rolled his chair over to her one day and suggested her for a
data scientist job with the Stanford - based Data Coordination Center of the ENCODE (Encyclopedia of DNA Elements) Consortium, an international collaboration of research groups funded by the National Human Genome Research Institute at the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryl
data scientist job with the Stanford - based
Data Coordination Center of the ENCODE (Encyclopedia of DNA Elements) Consortium, an international collaboration of research groups funded by the National Human Genome Research Institute at the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryl
Data Coordination Center
of the ENCODE (Encyclopedia
of DNA Elements) Consortium, an international collaboration
of research groups funded by the National
Human Genome Research Institute at the U.S. National Institutes
of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland.
The
data allowed the team to find eight sites in the
human genome that are particularly associated with the level
of pigment present.
«The idea that each
human genome contains information about the history
of its ancestors» population size has been known theoretically, but we have never had the
data or methods to pull out that information until now,» says John Novembre
of the University
of California, Los Angeles.
«This model was trained on genetic
data from
human tumors in The Cancer
Genome Atlas and was able to predict response to certain inhibitors that affect cancers with overactive Ras signaling in an encyclopedia
of cancer cell lines,» Greene said.
Moreover,
data collected from whole -
genome sequencing showed that Ata's molecular composition aligned with that
of a
human genome.
«They are developing the clinical genomics necessary to foster and support the Precision Medicine Initiative
of the National Institutes
of Health, and generating the genomics
data that further drives
human genome research.»
The combined
data allowed the team to find eight sites in the
human genome that are particularly associated with the level
of skin pigmentation.
Among other initiatives, his group contributes to ENCODE (Encyclopedia
of DNA Elements), supported by NIH to define functional genomic elements; the DOE Systems Biology Knowledgebase (KBase) for
data sharing and analysis; and the internationally funded 1000
Genomes Project on
human genetic variation.
Most drug companies seeking to apply the wealth
of data on the
human genome to the hunt for new drugs have turned to specialized start - up companies for help (Science, 7 February 1997, p. 767).
In any case, however, high quality nuclear
genome data from more than one individual would be necessary to fully investigate this proposed wave
of human migration out
of Africa, and is an intriguing area for future study.
But just when it seemed as if the
Human Genome Project would take us nowhere fast, the burgeoning field
of bioinformatics — treating DNA as
data — came
of age.
As part
of the
Human Genome Project, the government required researchers to make their genomic
data and related code available freely.
«Think
of the advances being made in genomics, for example, due to the
human genome project and the free - flowing findings and
data.
«This is the first
genome - wide
data on prehistoric
humans from the hot tropics, and was made possible by improved methods for preparing skeletal remains» says Ron Pinhasi at University College Dublin, a senior author
of the study.
Using these
data, researchers identified four new markers
of primary sclerosing cholangitis risk on the
human genome, bringing the total number
of known predisposing locations to 20.
«The
data was produced by a consortium
of 74 collaborators from the leading laboratories working on typhoid and describes one
of the most comprehensive sets
of genome data on a single
human infectious agent.
The observational study published in
Genome Biology utilized publicly available and unpublished data sets to find 2,147 vlincRNAs that cover 10 percent of the human genome, suggesting that their production is a common, yet undiscovered, feature of huma
Genome Biology utilized publicly available and unpublished
data sets to find 2,147 vlincRNAs that cover 10 percent
of the
human genome, suggesting that their production is a common, yet undiscovered, feature of huma
genome, suggesting that their production is a common, yet undiscovered, feature
of human DNA.
The idea for this high - throughput,
data - driven approach to materials discovery hit Ceder in the early 2000s, when he was at the Massachusetts Institute
of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge and found himself inspired by the nearly completed
Human Genome Project.
Collins, who points out that the commitment
of the
genome project to address ethical issues as well as generate
data came at the project's inception, describes four categories
of questions: Fairness and privacy; implementation
of new medical practices based on genomic
data (e.g., genetic testing); use
of human subjects; and public education.
Eighty percent
of the
human genome is already in GenBank, either in finished form or as a working draft form, which is still pretty good [
data].
For example, Chinese researchers previously contributed just 1 %
of data to the global
Human Genome Project, but in the ongoing
Human Proteome Project, China aims to eventually contribute at least 30 %
of data to the international effort.
The soon - to - be-released complete
human genome sequence is just one set
of data.
Sudmant, a UW graduate student in
genome sciences, said, «Gathering this
data is critical to understanding differences between great ape species, and separating aspects
of the genetic code that distinguish
humans from other primates.»
They show that about 92 per cent
of the population harbors bacteria with a variant
of the gene sequence, according to a survey
of public
genome data from 250 adult
humans.
When it is complete in 2008, EarthScope's web
of instruments will provide public
data for geoscience, not unlike the way the
human genome sequencing effort has for biology.
As we enter the second decade
of a decoded, accessible
Human Genome, and as progress in therapeutics becomes more
data and systems - driven, the discovery process, the business models, the delivery mechanisms and the economics are all starting to change.
An international team
of scientists, led by researchers from the University
of Tuebingen and the Max Planck Institute for the Science
of Human History in Jena, successfully recovered and analyzed ancient DNA from Egyptian mummies dating from approximately 1400 BCE to 400 CE, including the first
genome - wide nuclear
data from three individuals, establishing ancient Egyptian mummies as a reliable source for genetic material to study the ancient past.
In addition, the researchers examined neuroligin - 3
data from The Cancer
Genome Atlas, a large public database
of human cancer genetics.
This News Focus article and the one on sharing genomic
data with trial participants are part
of a collection this month reflecting on the 10th anniversary
of the publication
of the
human genome, which is gathered here.
The
data revealed more than 80 % %
of the
genome, coverage comparable to what can be done with a modern
human genome.
At a basic level, the transferable
data of a
human would be represented by the DNA pairs that make up
genomes (which contain the entirety
of an organism's hereditary information) in each cell.
Chinese researchers contributed just 1 %
of data to the global
Human Genome Project, but Qin hopes China can play a more significant role in the ongoing Human Proteome Project, a global effort that published a draft map of the human proteome online in Nature on 28
Human Genome Project, but Qin hopes China can play a more significant role in the ongoing
Human Proteome Project, a global effort that published a draft map of the human proteome online in Nature on 28
Human Proteome Project, a global effort that published a draft map
of the
human proteome online in Nature on 28
human proteome online in Nature on 28 May.
In a week the machine churns out the equivalent
of six
human genomes — enough raw
data to fill 40 computer hard drives.
Several large international groups
of researchers report
data that more than doubles the number
of sites in the
human genome tied to blood pressure regulation.
On 14 March, the two leaders announced that they enthusiastically support the rapid release
of human genome sequence data, a principle long advocated by Francis Collins, director of the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), and other scientists in the nonprofit se
human genome sequence data, a principle long advocated by Francis Collins, director of the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), and other scientists in the nonprofit s
genome sequence
data, a principle long advocated by Francis Collins, director
of the National
Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), and other scientists in the nonprofit se
Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), and other scientists in the nonprofit s
Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), and other scientists in the nonprofit sector.
They entered the sequence
of the gene that encoded the transporters in a
genome data bank and saw that it closely matched the genes for Rh proteins in
humans.
The mouse is already well under way: Indeed, today Celera announced its initial assembly
of the mouse
genome; unlike the
human genome data, which are available without charge on Celera's Web site, the mouse
genome will be available to subscribers only.
With the recent publication
of a large
data set
of 763 microsatellite markers — short stretches
of DNA that are repeated in the
genome — from 53 populations in the Human Genome Diversity Project, evolutionary geneticists William Amos and Joe Hoffman of the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom had enough genomic data to test both m
genome — from 53 populations in the
Human Genome Diversity Project, evolutionary geneticists William Amos and Joe Hoffman of the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom had enough genomic data to test both m
Genome Diversity Project, evolutionary geneticists William Amos and Joe Hoffman
of the University
of Cambridge in the United Kingdom had enough genomic
data to test both models.
The study analyzed
data from The Cancer
Genome Atlas (TCGA), a research program supported by the National Cancer Institute and National
Human Genome Research Institute within the National Institutes
of Health that is looking at genomic changes in more than 20 different types
of cancer.
Comparisons with the
genome data of humans and our closest relatives, the great apes, show that while we all genetically have the same ancestors, the genetic information
of the gibbons has changed more rapidly and stronger in the course
of the evolutionary process.
The researchers from the University
of South Carolina College
of Pharmacy and School
of Medicine discovered this new subtype by analyzing
data from 255 cervical cancer samples in The Cancer
Genome Atlas, a large - scale federally funded project launched in 2005 by the National Cancer Institute and National
Human Genome Research Institute.
The assembly and analysis
of human tumor cell
genomes, many
of which contain chromosome deletions, duplications and insertions, as well as single nucleotide changes, requires immense
data storage capacity and high - speed computation.
With the complete sequence
of the
human genome a reality, and with a growing body
of transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic
data sets in health and disease, we are now in a unique position in the history
of medicine to define
human disease precisely, uniquely, and unequivocally, with optimal sensitivity and specificity.
By combining and comparing
data from worm, fly and
human, researchers can learn far more about the functional elements than if they analyzed the
genome of just one organism.
A mile - stone has been achieved with
data for 75 %
of the
human protein - coding genes and protein evidence for all
human genes predicted from the
genome sequence.
The most significant
of these was the HiSeq X Ten, a 10 - instrument «factory installation» that enabled the most cost - effective
human whole
genome sequencing to date: 18,000
genomes per year at a consumables cost
of just over $ 1,000 each (note: this does not include the costs
of data storage, analysis, or the $ 10 million buy - in).