However welcome the recent announcement that a team of scientists based at Newcastle University, has grown a section
of human liver using stem cells from umbilical cords, rather than from the more controversial source of embryonic stem cells, and whatever the eventual promise or potential of harvesting organs for transplantation from genetically modified pigs, the benefits of either of these two pioneering techniques to currently dying / suffering patients, remain both elusive and distant.
Protection of DNA from damage in yeast cells and destruction
of human liver cancer cells have also been demonstrated.
Researchers have greatly shortened the time it takes to create a mouse model
of human liver cancer — going from about a year with standard techniques down to about one month with the new approach...
They immunized them with the antigen α - fetoprotein, which is found in 70 - 80 percent
of human liver cancers, and serves as both a biomarker for diagnosing and a target for treating the sixth most common cancer worldwide, He says.
In further investigations
of human liver cells from nearly 50 donor tissues of humans with varying degrees of body mass index (BMI) and liver fat, higher levels of CD8 + T cells were linked with higher levels of blood sugar or more advanced fatty liver disease.
The Zika virus taking hold of the inner organelles
of human liver and neural stem cells has been captured via light and electron microscopy.
In November 2010 Japanese researchers announced online in Analytical Chemistry that they had built a chip that simultaneously tests how liver, intestine and breast cancer cells respond to cancer drugs, and in February 2010 scientists publishing in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA developed a microscale replica
of the human liver that allowed them to observe the entire life cycle of hepatitis C, a virus that is difficult to observe in cultured cells.
Not exact matches
Katherine High, Spark's president and chief scientific officer, expressed her enthusiasm for the early clinical data related to SPK - 8011: «The encouraging start
of our SPK - 8011 clinical trial reinforces the strength
of our gene therapy platform, delivers
human proof -
of - concept in a second
liver - mediated disease — a significant achievement in the gene therapy field — and positions us well to potentially transform the current treatment approach for this life - altering disease with a one - time intervention.»
Yes, for all you Muslim lovers out there, for all you Islamists that would die for your religion, for all you weak lillly
livered Muslims that flee your own country to live in ours and swear to its destruction, for all you hipocrites that claim to be in a religion
of tolerance and peace but live by your actions
of murder and unspeakable horrors, you Iranians, you Afghans, you Pakistanis, you Iragis, you misfits and abhorents
of any god, this story
of a simple Christian, who is now denied his life because
of stupid and educaied cowards in Iran, cowards and murderers who covet children and lust hiding behind a demonic religion, let this man be your true martyr because you are not
human and can not touch him.
But the
liver also, the kidneys, and the bowels were for them important centers
of human consciousness and volition.
I learned from websites and books.Dr ron rosedale got it started for me then dr. jockers steve phinney and jeff voleck jimmy moore peter attia and many more.The
human body was built to run on fat.Once a person can convert the body to being able to burn fat and most importantly the brain to run mostly on ketone bodies which can cross the bbb the brain can get up to 80 %
of its energy from ketones.And the feeling is hard to explain unlike anything I have ever experienced before.It totally blunts all hunger and your brain is so much sharper and clearer.My
liver is running I believe for the first time in my life the way it was designed to run from birth.When I was diagnosed in noc
of 2010 my total bilirubin was 2.4.
The reason for this seems to be insulin - like growth factor (IGF), a protein that is released by the
liver of all animals (
humans included) in response to growth hormone.
This is because the
liver locates on the right side
of the
human body; sleeping on the left side will make sure that the pressure
of the growing uterus will not be applied directly onto the
liver, thereby improving the circulation
of the heart and to the uterus, fetus, and kidneys as well.
Wang points out that the current findings are preliminary and that comparing SLC13A5 activity in healthy and cancerous
human liver tissue will be necessary before studies
of this pathway as a cancer drug target should be contemplated.
A
human liver cell contains the same DNA as a brain cell, yet somehow it knows to code only those proteins needed for the functioning
of the
liver.
They transplanted the hepatocyte - like cells into mice; 14 days later, some
of the corrected cells had integrated into the rodent
liver and were able to produce
human A1AT.
Liver cells carry out hundreds
of different functions, only some
of which Lagasse has tested in mice, and it is unlikely that transplanted cells could fulfill all
of them in
humans.
Using a mathematical model known as the Ising model, invented to describe phase transitions in statistical physics, such as how a substance changes from liquid to gas, the Johns Hopkins researchers calculated the probability distribution
of methylation along the genome in several different
human cell types, including normal and cancerous colon, lung and
liver cells, as well as brain, skin, blood and embryonic stem cells.
Watch a collection
of tiny beating hearts and a heart fused to a
liver, made using techniques that could one day help build a
human on a chip
If the procedure works in
humans, it would enable donated
livers from
humans, and possibly even from pigs, to be re-coated with a patient's own cells, reducing the likelihood
of organ rejection.
Scientists
of the German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) led by the German Institute
of Human Nutrition (DIfE) have shown in a mouse model that the epigenetic * modification
of the Igfbp2 ** gene observed in the young animal precedes a fatty
liver in the adult animal later in life.
«Women going through menopause have an increased tendency to store fat in their
livers,» said the study's lead author Colette Miller, a post-doctoral research associate in the College
of Family and Consumer Sciences» department
of foods and
human nutrition.
«Our results indicate that the epigenetic modification we studied makes both mice and
humans more susceptible to obesity and with increasing age increases their risk
of developing a fatty
liver,» said Anne Kammel, first author
of the study.
In this study, the Hiroshima University researchers developed an animal model using severely immunodeficient mice whose
livers were partially populated with
human cells, in order to reconstruct elements
of the
human immune system.
Peng Loh
of the National Institute
of Child Health and
Human Development in Bethesda, Maryland, and colleagues studied tumours from 99 people with
liver cancer.
In addition, the scientists observed that
human beings suffering from insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty
liver disease have a greater amount
of active DPP4 in their blood than healthy people.
Soker and his colleague Pedro Baptista built the
livers by taking ferret
livers and stripping them
of all their native cells, leaving just the collagen «scaffold»
of the organ, which they then filled with
human liver cells.
«We are the first to engineer a whole
liver organ with
human cells,» says Shay Soker, a co-developer
of the
livers at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center in North Carolina.
Miniature
human livers, about the size
of small plums, have been made in the lab for the first time.
In 2008, when he fed Lactobacillus to mice with a transplanted
human microbiome, he observed metabolic changes in the animals» gut,
liver, kidneys, and parts
of the brain.
Differences between animal and
human liver activity often result in under - reported
human toxicities in preclinical animal testing
of drug compounds.
As further analyses
of the scientists have shown, the DPP4 gene in
human liver is regulated by epigenetic changes just as in mice.
In
humans, too much fructose puts the
liver at risk for conditions such as fatty
liver disease, and raises the overall risk
of obesity and type 2 diabetes (SN: 10/5/13, p. 18).
«Epigenetic changes promote development
of fatty
liver in mouse and
human.»
If she has her way, animal farms will raise herds
of bioengineered pigs, designed to produce kidneys,
livers and other organs that could be transplanted into
humans.
Next, the research team will examine specifically whether these
liver cells obtained from
human embryonic stem cells in a dish help repair injured
livers in preclinical animal models
of liver disease.
In addition, they found that cirrhotic
human livers had much greater numbers
of the NOX1 and NOX4 proteins than normal
livers.
Transplanted into a mouse, the
human liver buds, about 5 millimeters long, exhibited many functions
of the mature organ, such as metabolizing sugars and drugs.
A common antioxidant found in
human breast milk and foods like kiwi fruit can protect against nonalcoholic fatty
liver disease (NAFLD) in the offspring
of obese mice, according to researchers at the University
of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus.
Neil Shay, a biochemist and molecular biologist in OSU's College
of Agricultural Sciences, was part
of a study team that exposed
human liver and fat cells grown in the lab to extracts
of four natural chemicals found in Muscadine grapes, a dark - red variety native to the southeastern United States.
Foxo is widely expressed throughout the body (both in flies and in
humans), particularly in muscle, the
liver and pancreas — and can regulate many aspects
of metabolism in response to insulin signaling.
Mathias Uhlen, director
of the
Human Protein Atlas project and co-author
of the paper, says: «I am extremely pleased that the resource created through the
Human Protein Atlas effort has been used in the analysis
of clinical data obtained from
liver disease patients and that this analysis has led to the identification
of liver - specific drug targets that can be used for treatment
of this clinically important patient group.»
In recent years, several groups
of scientists have grown lung cells from
human iPSCs, but the recipes aren't perfect — the resulting lung cells grow amidst a jumble
of liver cells, intestinal cells, and other tissues.
Mardinoglu says the team's network modeling approach, which relied on data from the Sweden - based
Human Protein Atlas project and The Genotype - Tissue Expression (GTEx) project consortia, can be used in the identification
of drug targets and eventually in the development
of efficient strategies for treating a number
of chronic
liver diseases.
Researchers from KTH Royal Institute
of Technology's Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab) research center and Gothenburg University employed the biological networks generated for 46 major
human tissues in order to identify the
liver - specific gene targets.
«There are a range
of metabolic diseases and other
liver disorders where if you fix a mutated gene you might be really able to have an impact on
human health,» Anderson says.
Stem cells injected into lamb fetuses have created
livers that are up to 10 percent
human, says Esmail Zanjani
of the University
of Nevada at Reno.
A line
of transgenic mice was studied that express the
human LDL receptor gene in the
liver under control
of the transferrin promoter.
In subsequent experiments, Pissios and colleagues found that NNMT correlated positively with Sirt1 and a healthy metabolic profile in mice, and also showed that
humans with low cholesterol and low triglycerides exhibited high levels
of NNMT and Sirt1 in their
livers.
Even more encouraging, the engineered tissues still continued to produce
human neural, cartilage, and
liver cell proteins, the team reports online this week in the Proceedings
of the National Academy
of Sciences.