Sentences with phrase «of human microbiota»

Conclusions: We demonstrated that rifaximin, neither disrupts the overall biostructure of the human microbiota nor exerts any cytotoxic or genotoxic activities, but it does provoke changes in bacterial metabolism and bifidobacterial numbers that support a functional advantage to the host.

Rodent studies have provided compelling insights; however, they have countless shortcomings as a reflection of human microbiota, human dietary patterns, and the ultimate intertwining of these variables with complex mental health disorders.

The NIH Common Fund Human Microbiome Project (HMP) was established with the mission of generating research resources enabling comprehensive characterization of the human microbiota and analysis of their role in human health and disease.

Add to this the unprecedented alteration of the human microbiota and you have a perfect storm of criteria that have contributed to striking increases in celiac disease and gluten sensitivity.

Plentiful opportunities for researchers to learn about and discuss important developments in the field of human microbiota, the collection of microbes living in and on our body that have a significant impact on human health and well - being.

New deep sequencing methods provide a convenient platform for characterizing the composition of the human microbiota [4, 7, 8, 13, 15 — 19].

The age - related successional mechanisms involved in the differentiation of the human microbiota across body habitats are only beginning to be understood (6), and defining the pioneer colonizers is a first step toward elucidating the initial stages of microbiota development.

Not exact matches

How do the microbes within cheese interact with the natural microbiota of the human gut and can cheese be used to assist in maintaining a healthy gut microbiota?

Using a «gnotobiotic mouse model» — where mice were «colonized with a synthetic human gut microbiota composed of fully sequenced commensal bacteria» — Desai et al reported on the effects of different diets with different fibre content.

The species composition of the human intestinal microbiota differs between particle - associated and liquid phase communities.

The human microbiome is the composite of genes of the microorganisms (microbiota) living in and on the human body that influence the health and development of the host (1).

The intestinal microbiota represents the greatest human microbial exposure, and the acquisition of early intestinal microbiota is the neonate's first major microbial challenge.

Her main research areas are Perinatal and human milk microbiota and Characterization of probiotic bacteria and study of their use in bacterial dysbiosis.

In collaboration with Synchrotron Oxford, the University of East Anglia and the University of California, the researchers, using a commonly - found member of human gut microbiota called Ruminococcus gnavus as a model organism identified carbohydrate binding modules with the ability to bind to mucus.

Over 100 different oligosaccharides have been identified in the human colon, and recent research has shown that variations in the oligosaccharides within the mucus are associated with variations in the composition of the gut microbiota.

The researchers found that changes in the amount of protein and carbohydrates in the diet had a similar effect on the microbiota of dogs and humans, independent of the dog's breed or sex.

Dr Luis Pedro Coelho, commented: «These findings suggest that dogs could be a better model for nutrition studies than pigs or mice and we could potentially use data from dogs to study the impact of diet on gut microbiota in humans, and humans could be a good model to study the nutrition of dogs.

The Wyss team believes the ability of the human gut - on - a-chip to culture the microbiome with human gut cells also holds promise for the field of precision medicine, where a patient's own cells and gut microbiota could one day be cultured inside a gut - on - a-chip for testing different therapies and identifying an individualized treatment strategy.

The new microbiota may trigger weight loss, says gastroenterologist Lee Kaplan of Massachusetts General Hospital, by sending chemical signals that cause the human host to burn more calories, which helps use up the body's fat reserves.

As noted by Dr. Vicki Ellingrod — the Chair of this session, «Current state - of - the - art research in both animal models as well as humans point to the link between the gut microbiota and mood and anxiety models, as well as the potential for psychiatric medications to directly affect the gut microbiome.»

«Healthy gut bacterial communities are known to benefit immune regulation, metabolism and potentially even the nervous system, so if cholera or other diarrheal diseases permanently impact the microbiota, there could be long - term effects on human health,» explains Regina LaRocque, MD, MPH, of the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Division of Infectious Diseases, co-senior author of the paper.

Kristen Earle, Gabriel Billings, KC Huang and Justin Sonnenburg, of Stanford University's School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, took second place with this photo of a mouse colon colonized with human microbiota, seen at 63x.

Regulatory issues must be addressed before moving to human studies, Davies said, but the findings published in the August issue of the Journal of Clinical Investigation suggest that it may be possible to manipulate the bacterial residents of the gut — the gut microbiota — to treat obesity and other chronic diseases.

Changes in the composition of the gut microbiota are seen in many human diseases such IBD, a chronic, lifelong inflammatory disorder that includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.

Like plants in a garden, the diverse populations of microbes that normally line the intestinal tract, called the microbiota, are essential to human health.

Rather, it conveys the subtle and elegant choreography of one part of the human microbiome: The relationships between the mothers» genetics, the composition of her breast milk and the development of her infant's gut microbiota.

The importance of the intestinal microbiota for human health has just recently been unfolded.

Trillions of bacteria exist within the human intestinal microbiota, which plays a critical role in the development and progression of IBD.

In addition, cohousing coprophagic mice harboring transplanted microbiota from discordant pairs provides an opportunity to determine which bacterial taxa invade the gut communities of cage mates, how invasion correlates with host phenotypes, and how invasion and microbial niche are affected by human diets.

The goal of the study was to explore whether fecal microbiota from human IBS patients with diarrhea has the ability to influence gut and brain function in recipient mice.

«It's increasingly clear that our gut bacteria, or microbiota, can communicate with the human brain,» said Kathy Magnusson, a professor in the OSU College of Veterinary Medicine and principal investigator with the Linus Pauling Institute.

The human GI tract is colonized by billions of bacteria and other microorganisms, belonging to hundreds of species that are collectively termed «microbiota.»

The work «represents a significant step in understanding human microbiota coevolutionary history,» says Justin Sonnenburg of Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, who was not involved with the research.

A deep global analysis of the gut microbiota composition was done by phylogenetic microarray analysis using a Human Intestinal Tract Chip (HITChip), an analytical device designed specifically for studying gut bacteria.

Fu notes that the human body and its microbiota have evolved to live in harmony over millions of years.

«Previous studies in mice have indicated that bacteria that are able to encroach upon the epithelium might be able to promote inflammation that drives metabolic diseases, and now we've shown that this is also a feature of metabolic disease in humans, specifically type 2 diabetics who are exhibiting microbiota encroachment.»

Given that the investigators have previously shown the influence of the host molecular clock on the gut microbiota, they will also ask if taking this NSAID at different times of day might lead to higher efficacy and less side effects in animal models and eventually in humans.

Although the fucose findings are still preliminary, unlocking the role of this sugar in competitions between gut microbiota and pathogens could theoretically give rise to new therapies for treating human illness.

In order to find out which bacterial species may be present in the air and on the surfaces inside spacecraft and how the composition of the microbiota may change during human habitation, a crew of six male «Marsonauts» lived inside a mock - up spacecraft, located in Moscow, from 3rd June 2010 to 5th November 2011.

While a core microbiota of the same bacteria was present in all areas of the mock - up spacecraft, the authors noticed specific bacterial signatures for each individual area, or module, indicating that — much like in other indoor environments — microbial presence is associated with human presence as well as the type of activity that an area is used for.

There is increasing awareness that the intestinal microbiota, the vast, diverse population of microorganisms that inhabits the human intestines, play a role in driving colorectal cancer.

The team of researchers from Germany, UK and Austria, led by the German Aerospace Center (DLR), found that apart from the crew who were the main source of human - associated bacteria inside the habitat, confinement appeared to be the strongest trigger shaping the bacterial community — the microbiota — which remained highly dynamic over time.

Heiman and Greenway describe how the reduction in dietary diversity has changed the richness of human gut microbiota, the community of microorganisms living in the gut.

«Reduction in dietary diversity impacts richness of human gut microbiota: Dietary diversity necessary for a healthy gastrointestinal microbiome.»

The intestinal microbiota of healthy humans progressively develops in complexity from birth until adulthood, where a stable microbiome is established for the majority of an individual's adult life (Arumugam et al., 2011; Jalanka - Tuovinen et al., 2011; Durbán et al., 2012).

The findings illuminate the specialized roles played by key members of the vast microbial community living in the human gut, and could inform the development of tailored microbiota transplants to improve intestinal health after antibiotic use or illness.

Mammals — humans included — depend on their microbiota, the collection of microorganisms they host in and on their bodies.

The IMI could also control and organize access to metadata (the associated host disease phenotype data, for a human gut microbiota sample, for instance) without which meaningful interpretation of the data is not possible.

Investigating mouse models for biological for research The congress aims to promote the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC) mouse lines, importance of mouse phenotyping & clinical and drug discovery collaboration, to present progresses performed by IMPC with regards CRISPR editing genome, rare diseases, microbiota and ageing pipeline, as well as illustration of examples of scientific projects about «Animal models for human diseases» and recent developments in mouse models phenotyping imaging.

BIOASTER conducts innovative collaborative research, with and for public and private partners in the four major application fields of microbiology including human and veterinary infectious diseases: vaccines, antimicrobials, diagnosis and microbiota.