They then tested the behavior
of human tumor cells with and without HOXA5 by injecting those cells into the mammary fat pad of mice.
They already knew of one such compound, a chemical called PD09859 that is one of 60,000 agents the NCI had screened for ability to block growth
of human tumor cells.
Published in Molecular Neurobiology, the study led by Dr Elodie Siney under the supervision of Dr Sandrine Willaime - Morawek, Lecturer in Stem Cells and Brain Repair at the University, analysed how enzymes called ADAMs affect the movement and function
of the human tumor cells.
The assembly and analysis
of human tumor cell genomes, many of which contain chromosome deletions, duplications and insertions, as well as single nucleotide changes, requires immense data storage capacity and high - speed computation.
Evidence demonstrating its cytostatic activity includes the finding that it inhibits the growth of a broad spectrum
of human tumor cell lines in vitro.
An inverse correlation has been found between DAXX and DAPK1 / 3 mRNA expression in a diverse collection
of human tumor cell lines and tumor specimens [Submitted], suggesting that DAXX's role as a transcriptional repressor of DAPK1 / 3 [2] is broadly relevant to tumor biology and is not restricted to PCa.
Not exact matches
Prior to the development
of a fully functioning nervous system, and the activation
of said system, a
human embryo is «alive» in the same sense a
tumor is «alive»: the individual
cells that make it up are alive, but there is no higher - level functionality.
«Animal studies and in - vitro studies with
human cells have repeatedly shown that food - grade carrageenan causes gastrointestinal inflammation and higher rates
of intestinal lesions, ulcerations, and even malignant
tumors.»
Capsaicin additionally produced a significant deceleration
of the development
of prostate
tumors created simply by those
human cell lines grown in mouse models.
To determine how the
cells switch from one type to another, they took three
human uterine carcinosarcoma samples and sequenced the genomes
of cells in two parts
of each
tumor: the carcinoma and sarcoma components.
Introducing
human prostate cancer
cell lines into mice, Wu and his colleagues saw a particular enzyme called MAOA activate a cascade
of signals that made it easier for
tumor cells to invade and grow in bone.
«This model was trained on genetic data from
human tumors in The Cancer Genome Atlas and was able to predict response to certain inhibitors that affect cancers with overactive Ras signaling in an encyclopedia
of cancer
cell lines,» Greene said.
Traditional genetic approaches together with the new wealth
of genomic information for both
human and model organisms open up strategies by which drugs can be profiled for their ability to selectively kill
cells in a molecular context that matches those found in
tumors.
HBI member V. Wee Yong, PhD and research associate Susobhan Sarkar, PhD, and their team including researchers from the Department
of Clinical Neurosciences and the university's Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, looked at
human brain
tumor samples and discovered that specialized immune
cells in brain
tumor patients are compromised.
In a series
of experiments, the researchers first identified a set
of 19 transcription factors that were expressed at significantly greater levels in cultured
human glioblastoma stem
cells capable
of tumor propagation than in differentiated
tumor cells.
Engineered
human immune
cells can vanquish a deadly pediatric brain
tumor in a mouse model, a study from the Stanford University School
of Medicine has demonstrated.
Kilian said his team's synthetic microenvironment lies somewhere in the middle
of two extremes in the field
of modeling biology: the hard plastic plate, and expensive mouse avatars that are created by injecting
human tumor cells into mice.
Oncologists William Hahn, Robert Weinberg, and colleagues at the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research in Cambridge, Massachusetts, mutated the gene for one part
of the enzyme and inserted it into cultured
human cells from colon, ovary, and breast
tumors.
When the scientists inserted
human colorectal cancer
cells into zebrafish embryos and allowed them to grow for 4 days, the resulting
tumors showed three hallmarks
of human solid
tumors: rapid
cell division, formation
of blood vessels to supply nutrients, and the ability to spread to other locations in the body.
The researchers also tested a Runx2 knock - down variant
of a
human multiple myeloma
cell line and found that it produced significantly less
tumor growth in immunodeficient mice than the original
human multiple myeloma
cells.
The process enables some viruses to insert their genetic material into the DNA
of healthy
human cells, which can lead to
tumors and other diseases.
Compared to a control (left), epalrestat treatment (right) reduces the number
of metastatic
tumors (arrowheads) in the lungs
of mice injected with
human basal - like breast cancer
cells.
In the current study, Dr. Xu and colleagues gave radiation therapy to a mouse model
of human pancreatic cancer to eradicate the bulk
tumors, while only the cancer stem
cells remained in the residual scars.
They found out that TiY is capable
of distinguishing TICs from non-TICs in various
human lung cancer
cell lines and patient - derived lung
tumors.
Desgrosellier said the team will follow up with mouse models containing
tumor fragments from patients to better reflect the diversity
of cell types present in
human disease.
However, cancer
cells may instead be coaxed to turn back into normal tissue simply by reactivating a single gene, according to a study that found that restoring normal levels
of a
human colorectal cancer gene in mice stopped
tumor growth and re-established normal intestinal function within only 4 days.
The discovery
of an unexpected biochemical link within
tumor cells should lead to clinical trials for experimental drug treatments that indirectly target myc and that already are being evaluated in
human studies, the researchers said.
«But cancer
cells in the lab don't necessarily indicate the response
of human tumors,» Håkansson reminds the group.
In earlier studies involving animal models and
human cancer
cell lines, researchers found that breast cancer spreads when three specific
cells are in direct contact: an endothelial
cell (a type
of cell that lines the blood vessels), a perivascular macrophage (a type
of immune
cell found near blood vessels), and a
tumor cell that produces high levels
of Mena, a protein that enhances a cancer
cell's ability to spread.
Coffin described how lab workers there had transplanted
human prostate
tumor cells into an immune - deficient lab mouse, a common procedure for procuring a colony
of cells, or a
human cell line, for further study.
Glioblastomas in lab dishes and mouse brains are fakes, little Potemkin villages that everyone thought were faithful replicas
of human glioblastomas but which, lacking
tumor stem
cells, were nothing
of the kind.
One
of those genes, K - Ras, which was discovered nearly 30 years ago, is mutated in 30 percent
of human tumors, including 90 percent
of pancreatic cancers, 40 percent
of colon cancers, and 20 percent
of non-small
cell lung cancers.
In
human cells as well, if Nbs1 and ATM function in the same way to ensure repair
of DNA damage,
tumor formation may be prevented.
Another is that the transplanted bits
of tumor act nothing like cancers in actual
human brains, Fine and colleagues reported in 2006: Real - life glioblastomas grow and spread and resist treatment because they contain what are called
tumor stem
cells, but
tumor stem
cells don't grow well in the lab, so they don't get transplanted into those mouse brains.
But working with
human smooth muscle
cells isolated and grown from the healthy parts
of airway tissue surrounding excised
tumors, Benjamin Kalbe and his colleagues applied a large number
of odor molecules and watched two
of them activate the muscle
cells.
To see if PGD and the pentose phosphate pathway were tied to the epigenetic changes the researchers had detected in distant metastases, they treated
tumor cells from different sites in a single patient with the drug 6 - aminonicotinamide (6AN), which is known to inhibit PGD but is not used in
humans because
of its severe side effects.
This group's achievement shows the possibility to clarify the mechanism
of human tumor formation, especially the molecular mechanism responsible for in the initial stage
of cell cancerization due to DNA damaged by radiation in the initial stage, by using the model
of budding yeast, a primitive eukaryote.
Now he and his team are putting
cells from
human brain
tumors into the organoids, which have reached the level
of development and complexity
of a 20 - week - old
human fetus's, to see whether they reprise what happens in patients.
To test this idea, the researchers utilized two mouse models
of human breast cancer metastasis and found dormant disseminated
tumor cells residing upon the membrane microvasculature
of lung, bone marrow and brain tissue.
Shah next plans to rationally combine the toxin - secreting stem
cells with a number
of different therapeutic stem
cells developed by his team to further enhance their positive results in mouse models
of glioblastoma, the most common brain
tumor in
human adults.
The Ogretmen laboratory screened previously reported microarray data sets
of several
human tumor tissues (metastatic head and neck squamous
cell carcinoma, melanoma, and renal
cell carcinoma) and showed that, in these samples, only the levels
of CerS4 were significantly decreased.
The NanoFlare technology is the first genetic - based approach that is able to detect live circulating
tumor cells out
of the complex matrix that is
human blood — no easy feat.
Researchers at Rice University's Laboratory for Systems Biology
of Human Diseases analyzed the metabolic profiles
of hundreds
of ovarian
tumors and discovered a new test to determine whether ovarian cancer
cells have the potential to metastasize.
In this study, the researchers tested the effects
of Olaparib on the
tumors formed by
human breast cancer
cells injected into mice.
The resulting «map»
of gene - drug interactions allowed the researchers to accurately predict the responses
of multiple
human cancer
cell lines to different chemotherapy agents based on the
cell lines» genetic profiles and also revealed new genetic factors that appear to determine the response
of breast and ovarian
tumor cells to common classes
of chemotherapy treatment.
By using molecular genetic tools to reduce the amount
of PC in
human lung cancer
cells, the team observed decreased
cell growth, a compromised ability to form colonies in soft agar (a gelatinous material specifically used to grow bacteria and other
cells), and a reduced rate
of tumor growth in mice.
In
humans, an increased genetic signature
of these
cells correlated with better outcomes in a variety
of tumor types.
Rather than artificially triggering cancer by engineering genetic mutations, this model more closely mimics
human liver cancer in that
tumors develop as a natural consequence
of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a chronic metabolic disorder that causes liver damage, fibrosis and numerous
cell mutations.
The
human immune system is poised to spring into action at the first sign
of a foreign invader, but it often fails to eliminate
tumors that arise from the body's own
cells.
Their study, published in the ACS journal Chemical Research in Toxicology, found that triclosan, as well as another commercial substance called octylphenol, promoted the growth
of human breast cancer
cells in lab dishes and breast cancer
tumors in mice.