Sentences with phrase «of hydrocarbon compounds»

The molecular structure of hydrocarbon compounds varies from the simplest (methane, a constituent of natural gas) to the very heavy and very complex.

Not exact matches

Hydrocarbons and amino acids are more stable than some other compounds, and this adds up to mass quantlties of these «building blocks of life».

Beer marinades are actually an effective way of reducing levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a group of carcinogenic compounds that form on grilled meat when fats and juices interact with an open flame, finds a new study in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.

With it came methane, sulfur dioxide and other sulfur compounds and hydrocarbons, capable of causing respiratory problems.

Titan is Saturn's largest moon, a cryogenically cold world with a surface shaped by hydrocarbon rivers and seas fed by methane, ethane and complex organic compounds raining out of its thick, smoggy atmosphere.

In Pavillion, Wyo., where residents have complained of nerve damage and loss of sense of taste and smell, EPA superfund investigators found benzene and other hydrocarbons in well water samples, as well as methane gas, metals, and an unusual chemical variant of a compound used in hydraulic fracturing.

Of particular concern were compounds called adamantanes, a natural hydrocarbon found in gas that can be used to fingerprint its origin, and 2 - BE, listed as a common fracturing fluid in the EPA's 2004 research report on hydraulic fracturing.

The hydrogen replaces oxygen in the acids and other compounds in the bio-oils and makes them less corrosive, and the zeolites break the large hydrocarbons into compounds such as toluene and benzene that are commonly used building blocks for a large number of industrial chemicals.

Among the greatest concerns is that compounds in oil called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) could have long - term sublethal effects on marine organisms that were at the peak of their spawning season when the spill began.

Because the process makes a blend of hydrocarbons, it does not lack the aromatic compounds that seal aircraft engines, like the biojet fuel produced from camelina oil by UOP.

«Hydrocarbons — compounds made out of carbon and hydrogen or having a carbon - hydrogen bond — are used in daily life all the time — from clothes to toothbrushes,» said Partha Basu, chair and professor of chemistry and biological chemistry at IUPUI.

A specially designed chiral catalyst is used to oxidize hydrocarbons into multifunctional compounds that are obtained in high purity and are readily converted into an assortment of molecules that will streamline the synthesis of future pharmaceutical drugs,» said Dr. Leila Bayeh, a former graduate student and lead author of the study.

The selectivity problem challenges chemists, who often encounter it when attempting to directly transform unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain one or more carbon - carbon double bonds, resulting in difficult - to - separate mixtures of compounds that require subsequent chemical steps to subdivide the mixtures into the desired molecules.

In chemistry, a hydrocarbon is any chemical compound that consists only of the elements carbon (C) and hydrogen (H).

The parent compounds involved in this research are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or PAHs, formed naturally as the result of almost any type of combustion, from a wood stove to an automobile engine, cigarette or a coal - fired power plant.

Hydrocarbons are regarded as building blocks of life, combining the elements carbon and hydrogen to give rise to millions of different chemical compounds.

Thousands of sweet - tasting compounds belonging to more than 150 chemical classes have been discovered, including low - molecular - weight carbohydrates, aminoacyl sugars, amino acids, peptides, proteins, terpenoids, chlorinated hydrocarbons, halogenated sugars, N - sulfonyl amides, sulfamates, polyketides, anilines, and ureas.

The team demonstrated the feasibility of this reaction with the hydrocarbon compound phenylacetylene.

The results show for the first time for a number of natural compounds, which together account for around 70 per cent of the biological hydrocarbon emissions, how much each compound produces low - volatility products and how they can possibly affect the climate via producing aerosol particles.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of carcinogenic organic compounds that are ubiquitous in the environment.

As crude oil burns it releases many toxic chemicals, including lead, carbon monoxide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and volatile organic compounds, says Bin Jalaludin at the University of New South Wales in Australia.

However, the types of organic compounds found in plant matter — dominated by aromatic hydrocarbons — underwent some chemical changes, but remained relatively resistant to impact pressures.

The researchers found that the types of organic compounds found in microbial and algal life — long chain hydrocarbon - dominated matter - were destroyed by the pressures of impact.

The latest study, which featured experiments at the Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab), could help explain the presence of pyrene, which is a chemical compound known as a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, and similar compounds in some meteorites.

Analyses of the sunlight reflected off the asteroid also show that organic compounds are widespread on the surface, he added, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, CH2 and CH3.

«The degradation of hydrocarbons using the crude enzyme extract is really encouraging and reached over 80 percent for various compounds,» says Satinder Kaur Brar, lead researcher on the study.

Stormwater is effectively a toxic mixture that can include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, many of which are carcinogenic, metals, suspended particles, and other organic compounds, most of which have yet to be identified.

However, the types of organic compounds found in plant matter — dominated by aromatic hydrocarbons - underwent some chemical changes, but remained relatively resistant to impact pressures.

Certain particle compounds may directly generate ROS in vivo because of their surface chemistry (eg, metals, organic compounds, and semiquinones) or after bioactivation by cytochrome P450 systems (eg, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon conversion to quinones).6, 290 a, 290 b A particle surface or anions present on otherwise more inert particles may disrupt iron homeostasis in the lung and thereby also generate ROS via Fenton reactions.291 Other PM constituents may do so indirectly by the upregulation of endogenous cellular sources (eg, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NADPH]-RRB- oxidase) 292,293 or by perturbing organelle function (eg, mitochondria) by taken - up PM components.261 Particle stimulation of irritant and afferent ANS fibers may also play a role in local and systemic oxidative stress formation.294 Given the rich antioxidant defenses in the lung fluid, secondarily generated oxidization products of endogenous molecules (eg, oxidized phospholipids, proteins) or a reduction in endogenous antioxidants per se may be responsible at least in part for the state of oxidative stress in the lungs (along with instigating the subsequent cellular responses) rather than ROS derived directly from PM and its constituents.

For starters, the Prestige spill — which was roughly one - tenth the size of the Deepwater Horizon spill — involved bunker oil, which contains different proportions of carcinogenic compounds (notably polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and benzene) than the crude oil spilled in the Gulf, according to Dr. Solomon.

Research has also indicated a link between the development of Type 2 diabetes and toxins, such as heavy metals, pesticides, plastic compounds including BPA, diesel exhaust, tobacco smoke, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, hormones, radioactivity, viruses, bacteria and endocrine - disrupting chemicals.

It is a member of a class of compounds known as hydrocarbons.

In particular, aircraft jet engines produce carbon dioxide (CO2), water vapor (H2O), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of sulfur (SOx), unburned or partially combusted hydrocarbons (also known as volatile organic compounds, or VOCs), particulates, and other trace compounds.

The second cause of bad gas is oxidation — some of the hydrocarbons in the fuel react with oxygen to produce new compounds, almost all of them worse than what you started with.

A known carcinogen derived from burning coal, it is a complex mixture of hundreds of compounds, many of which are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, meaning you breathe them in.

Another recent video by Clean Air Task Force is aimed at policy makers, and highlights the industry's release of 9 million tons of invisible pollutants every year, including footage of methane and volatile organic compounds shown escaping from a hydrocarbon storage tank.

The Kyoto Protocol is a treaty to regulate «Greenhouse Gases» only: - Carbon dioxide (CO2)- Methane (CH4)- Nitrous oxide (N2O)(Laughing Gas, Nitrous, NOS)- Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)- Perfluorocarbons (PFCs)- Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) Car Exhaust consists of: Harmless: - Carbon dioxide (CO2)- Nitrogen (N2)- Water vapor (H2O) Some Pollutants: - Carbon monoxide (CO) * - Hydrocarbons or Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) * - Nitric oxide (NO) * - Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) * - Particulate matter (PM - 10) * - Sulfur dioxide (SO2) * * Your car's catalytic converter removes about 95 % of these pollutants.

Since there are no environmental protection regulations governing indoor residential kitchens, your lungs, skin and digestive systems have become the de facto filter for a soufflé of carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, formaldehydes, volatile organic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, fine and ultra fine particles and other pollutants associated with meal preparation.

Some toxic compounds found in oil such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons have been shown to cause birth defects in humans; it is conceivable that they are responsible for some of the recent stillbirths in dolphins.»

For example, early global chemical modelling results argued that global tropospheric ozone, a greenhouse gas, was controlled by emissions of the highly reactive gases nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC, also known as volatile organic compounds, VOC).

Osorb can absorb and capture a variety of organic materials from the water, both dispersed and dissolved, including hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and solvents.

Hydrocarbons are regarded as building blocks of life, combining the elements carbon and hydrogen to give rise to millions of different chemical compounds.

These sealers, which contain high levels of a harmful carcinogenic compound known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), are believed to pollute our ground water.