A full 900,000 years
of ice core temperature records and carbon dioxide content records show CO2 increases follow increases in Earth's temperature instead of leading them.
Not exact matches
We have much better — and more conclusive — evidence for climate change from more boring sources like global
temperature averages, or the extent
of global sea
ice, or thousands
of years» worth
of C02 levels stored frozen in
ice cores.
The end
of an
ice age is associated with about 10 - 20 F °
of temperature rise, according to interpretations
of the Vostok
ice cores.
The research, an analysis
of sea salt sodium levels in mountain
ice cores, finds that warming sea surface
temperatures in the tropical Pacific Ocean have intensified the Aleutian Low pressure system that drives storm activity in the North Pacific.
It's OK to state that, «The common belief that carbon dioxide is driving climate change is at odds with much
of the available scientific data: data from weather balloons and satellites, from
ice core surveys, and from the historical
temperature records» when this is clearly untrue.
For instance, in the Tropics the
temperature variations were three times as intense as today at the height
of the last glacial, whereas the
ice cores from Greenland indicate variations that were 70 times as intense.
They range from LANDSAT images
of land use in the Chesapeake Basin, to fish catches off California since the 1920s, to 400,000 years
of global
temperature estimates from antarctic
ice cores.
«We find many examples
of these variations in pre-industrial
temperature reconstructions» based on proxies such as tree rings,
ice cores, and lake sediment, Lovejoy says.
«
Ice cores only tell you about temperatures in Antarctica,» Shakun notes of previous studies that relied exclusively on an ice core from Antarctica that records atmospheric conditions over the last 800,000 yea
Ice cores only tell you about
temperatures in Antarctica,» Shakun notes
of previous studies that relied exclusively on an
ice core from Antarctica that records atmospheric conditions over the last 800,000 yea
ice core from Antarctica that records atmospheric conditions over the last 800,000 years.
Another thing that
ice core showed, as others have before, is that the great swing in
temperature between glacial and interglacial periods was invariably accompanied by great swings in the amount
of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere: When the greenhouse goes up, the
ice sheets go down.
In the past decade, paleoclimatologists have reconstructed a record
of climate change over the last millennium by consulting historical documents and examining indicators
of temperature change like tree rings, as well as oxygen isotopes in
ice cores and coral skeletons.
That record
of CO2 levels and
temperature, called the European Project for
Ice Coring in Antarctica (EPICA)
core, was published in Nature in 2004.
By measuring the content
of the special oxygen isotope O18 in the
ice cores, you can get information about the
temperature in the past climate, year by year.
Analysing new data from marine sediment
cores taken from the deep South Atlantic, between the southern tip
of South America and the southern tip
of Africa, the researchers discovered that during the last
ice age, deep ocean currents in the South Atlantic varied essentially in unison with Greenland
ice -
core temperatures.
Utilizing the high resolution
of the measurements, the team was able to detect methane fingerprints from the Southern Hemisphere that don't match
temperature records from Greenland
ice cores.
There are several habitats once thought to be inhospitable to even the world's most adaptable organisms — places like the
core of Chile's Atacama Desert, the driest region on Earth;
ice sheet plateaus in Greenland that are 10,000 feet thick; and near hydrothermal vents on the ocean floor with
temperatures above 750 degrees Fahrenheit, to name a few.
«The first step was to reconstruct the history
of global mean
temperatures for the last 784,000 years, using combined data from marine sediment
cores,
ice cores, and computer simulations covering the last eight glacial cycles,» said Friedrich, a post-doctoral researcher at IPRC.
Lars Stixrude, a geologist at University College London, calls the idea «fascinating» — although he warns that science's understanding
of the behavior
of materials under the extreme
temperatures and pressures
of an
ice - giant
core is still incomplete.
Even if you ignore all the
temperature meauserments which you seem to vehimently deny there is still many other sources
of evidence associated with this increase such as —
ice melt / extreme weather events / sea current changes / habitat changes / CO2 /
ice cores / sediment
cores.
Five millennia
of surface
temperatures and
ice core bubble characteristics from the WAIS Divide deep
core, West Antarctica.
Researchers took a
core sample
of the
ice from the cave, giving scientists their first records
of winter
temperatures in the region.
The pattern
of the frequency with which we pass through these fields and the effects they have on our magnetosphere and mean
temperatures can be measured in the geologic and
ice core samples across our planet.
Further information comes from proxies (
ice cores, tree rings,...), which give (less exact) information about
temperature and some
of the primary actors
of the past.
Severinghaus discovered that xenon and krypton are well preserved in
ice cores, which provides the
temperature information that can then be used by scientists studying many other aspects
of the earth's oceans and atmosphere over hundreds
of thousands
of years.
Variations
of deuterium (δD; black), a proxy for local
temperature, and the atmospheric concentrations
of the greenhouse gases CO2 (red), CH4 (blue), and nitrous oxide (N2O; green) derived from air trapped within
ice cores from Antarctica and from recent atmospheric measurements (Petit et al., 1999; Indermühle et al., 2000; EPICA community members, 2004; Spahni et al., 2005; Siegenthaler et al., 2005a, b).
study published June 25 by the Proceedings
of the National Academy
of Sciences, the Greenland
ice core drifts notably from other records
of Northern Hemisphere
temperatures during the Younger Dryas, a period beginning nearly 13,000 years ago
of cooling so abrupt it's believed to be unmatched since.
And then, if the ocean surface water was «diluted» with isotopic light melt water, would this not be reflected with a similar drop in the Greenland
ice cores, just by a changing isotope signature
of the source, instead
of a
temperature drop?
It is important to remind everyone that i) we expect CO2 to lag behind
temperature in
ice core records, because
of feedbacks, and ii) that the Antarctic
cores are not a global
temperature record.
In summary, the
ice core data in no way contradict our understanding
of the relationship between CO2 and
temperature, and there is nothing fundamentally wrong with what Gore says in the film.
The existence
of a Little
Ice Age from roughly 1500 to 1850 is supported by a wide variety of evidence including ice cores, tree rings, borehole temperatures, glacier length records, and historical documen
Ice Age from roughly 1500 to 1850 is supported by a wide variety
of evidence including
ice cores, tree rings, borehole temperatures, glacier length records, and historical documen
ice cores, tree rings, borehole
temperatures, glacier length records, and historical documents.
(I think some
of Lonnie Thompson's work on interpreting low - latitude oxygen isotope values as
temperature signals in
ice cores led to some issues).
Along with tree rings and
ice cores, which offer a window into land
temperatures throughout Earth's history, these are all examples
of «climate proxies».
So what is the time difference between CO2 levels during the onset
of a cooling period at the end
of a warming period and the time history
of the
temperature changes in the
ice cores?
Previous research by Box using
ice cores — long cylinders drilled out
of the
ice sheet that let scientists sample hundreds
of years
of ice layers — showed that in the past, snowfall has increased over the
ice sheet as
temperatures have risen.
More recent studies, with much more precise correlation between
ice cores and global
temperature records, have shown that
temperature and CO2 changed synchronously in Antarctica during the end
of the last
ice age, and globally CO2 rose slightly before global
temperatures.
Ice core paleoclimate isotope data are indirect indications
of temperature (proxies) over millions
of years compared to instrumental
temperature measurements with high resolution
of hours, days and decades.
Five millennia
of surface
temperatures and
ice core bubble characteristics from the WAIS Divide deep
core, West Antarctica, Paleoceanography, 31 (3), p. 416 - 433.
Using
ice cores from three
of Svalbard's glaciers, she and her colleagues have reconstructed a thousand years
of variations in winter
temperatures for Longyearbyen and for Vardø at the northeastern tip
of mainland Norway.
Have a read
of the Gavin post on why CO2 lagging
temperature in
ice cores is not a problem for AGW and you will see a master obfuscator at work.
The
Ice Core data report natural (pre-human) cycles
of temperature and CO2 that go way above and below anything experienced in human history prior to or during the industrial age.
He brings up quite a bit
of the «CO2 lags
temperature in the Vostok
ice core» stuff which has been thorouhgly refuted (at least in the context that this is contradictory to AGW).
This was based on research by Baillie and McAneney (2015) which compared the spacing between frost ring events (physical scarring
of living growth rings by prolonged sub-zero
temperatures) in the bristlecone pine tree ring chronology, and spacing between prominent acids in a suite
of ice cores from both Greenland and Antarctica.
Would the westerly winds also affect the
ice core data giving a false reading
of temperature?
1982 Greenland
ice cores reveal dramatic
temperature oscillations in the space
of a century in the distant past.
The rates in these two terrestrial records are comparable to those in Greenland
ice cores, but the actual
temperatures inferred apply to the terrestrial environments
of the two regions.
Second, although the central Greenland
ice -
core records may provide the best paleoclimatic
temperature records available, multiple parameters confirm the strong
temperature signal, and multiple
cores confirm the widespread nature
of the signal, the data still contain a lot
of noise over short times (snowdrifts are real, among other things).
This was a relatively stable climate (for several thousand years, 20,000 years ago), and a period where we have reasonable estimates
of the radiative forcing (albedo changes from
ice sheets and vegetation changes, greenhouse gas concentrations (derived from
ice cores) and an increase in the atmospheric dust load) and
temperature changes.
In my briefings to the Association
of Small Island States in Bali, the 41 Island Nations
of the Caribbean, Pacific, and Indian Ocean (and later circulated to all member states), I pointed out that IPCC had seriously and systematically UNDERESTIMATED the extent
of climate change, showing that the sensitivity
of temperature and sea level to CO2 clearly shown by the past climate record in coral reefs,
ice cores, and deep sea sediments is orders
of magnitude higher than IPCC's models.
See the GISP2
Ice core charts
of temperature for the last 10,000 years -LRB-- data available at WDC) where it shows that the normal cooling and warming mode is for a rapid
temperature change
of 1.5 to 2 degrees within a few hundred years.
Not to mention that we KNOW levels
of CO2 are higher than they have been in hundreds
of thousands
of years, and data from dendrochronology and
ice core studies prove that high levels
of CO2 are correlated with higher
temperatures.