Sentences with phrase «of ice discharge»

The relative contribution of ice discharge to total loss decreased from 58 % before 2005 to 32 % between 2009 and 2012.

«The 14.7 ka b2k event followed Heinrich event H1 at a time when the ice sheets in the North were still extensive whereas the North was more deglaciated at 11.7 ka b2k (34), reducing the amount of ice discharge available to change the density of North Atlantic ocean waters and thereby the THC before the warming onset.»

In the future, high - end estimates of ice discharge and regional effects, such as local thermal expansion and coastal subsidence, place the upper limits of relative sea - level rise for the Netherlands at 0.65 to 1.3 m by 2100, excluding gravitational effects.

Where Enderlin (2014) found a diminishing contribution of ice discharge from 58 % of total loss before 2005 to 32 % between 2009 and 2012.

The Pfeffer paper is helpful, putting plausible constraints on the speed of ice discharge.

From 2008 to 2015, continent - wide rates of ice discharge increased by about 36 billion tons per year.

«Konrad and colleagues have extended a method that has promise for future monitoring of ice discharge into the ocean on a continent - wide scale,» Ryan Walker, a NASA ice researcher, wrote in an accompanying review piece.

Nearly all ice shelves are in Antarctica, where most of the ice discharged seaward flows into ice shelves.

Not exact matches

The cracking of the ice or the falling of pieces into the sea makes a noise like breakers or a distant discharge of guns, which may often be heard a short distance.

Studying surging glaciers could also offer insights into grander - scale ice flows with global consequences: the movements of the ice sheets in Antarctica and Greenland, which can change abruptly, altering the ice discharges that affect sea level.

Dr Gudmundsson said: «Although floating ice shelves have only a modest impact on of sea - level rise, ice from Antarctica's interior can discharge into the ocean when they collapse.

The melting of a rather small ice volume on East Antarctica's shore could trigger a persistent ice discharge into the ocean, resulting in unstoppable sea - level rise for thousands of years to come.

Freshwater flux from Greenland is composed of melt runoff from ice and tundra runoff as well as ice discharge («calving» of icebergs).

A new NASA - led study has discovered an intriguing link between sea ice conditions and the melting rate of Totten Glacier, the glacier in East Antarctica that discharges the most ice into the ocean.

In the study, researchers analyzed a series of transient Coupled General Circulation Model simulations forced by changes in greenhouse gases, orbital forcing, meltwater discharge and the ice - sheet history throughout the past 21,000 years.

New data indicate that substantial areas throughout westernmost Canada were ice free prior to 12.5 ka and some as early as 14.0 ka, with implications for climate dynamics and the timing of meltwater discharge to the Pacific and Arctic oceans.

The study area was the downstream part of the Whillans Ice Stream on the Siple Coast, specifically Subglacial Lake Whillans and the grounding zone towards which the lake discharges.

Also, the outlet glaciers on Greenland are all variable in flow speed and ice discharge, and I think RC did something before on the acceleration of Jakobshavns Isbrae.

But once it had started, the discharge of ice would slowly but relentlessly continue until the whole basin was empty, even if the climate ceased to warm.

Writing in Nature Climate Change, two scientists from the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) say the melting of quite a small volume of ice on the East Antarctic shore could ultimately trigger a discharge of ice into the ocean which would result in unstoppable sea - level rise for thousands of years ahead.

The large acceleration in ice velocity and ice discharge in Pine Island Glacier from 2002 - 2008 coincided with rapid recession of its grounding line.

The standard renters insurance covered perils include: Fire or lightning, windstorm or hail, explosion, riot or civil commotion, aircraft, vehicles not your own, smoke, vandalism or malicious mischief, theft, volcanic eruption, falling objects, weight of ice, snow, or sleet, accidental discharge or overflow of water or steam, sudden and accidental tearing apart, cracking, or burning, freezing, and sudden and accidental damage from artificially generated electric current.

Leakage of the Greenland Ice Sheet through accelerated ice flow AU: * Rignot, E AF: Jet Propulsion Laboratory / Caltech, MS 300-319 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, ca 91109 - 8099 United States AB: A map of coastal velocities of the Greenland ice sheet was produced from Radarsat - 1 acquired during the background mission of 2000 and combined with radio echo sounding data to estimate the ice discharge from the ice sheIce Sheet through accelerated ice flow AU: * Rignot, E AF: Jet Propulsion Laboratory / Caltech, MS 300-319 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, ca 91109 - 8099 United States AB: A map of coastal velocities of the Greenland ice sheet was produced from Radarsat - 1 acquired during the background mission of 2000 and combined with radio echo sounding data to estimate the ice discharge from the ice sheice flow AU: * Rignot, E AF: Jet Propulsion Laboratory / Caltech, MS 300-319 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, ca 91109 - 8099 United States AB: A map of coastal velocities of the Greenland ice sheet was produced from Radarsat - 1 acquired during the background mission of 2000 and combined with radio echo sounding data to estimate the ice discharge from the ice sheice sheet was produced from Radarsat - 1 acquired during the background mission of 2000 and combined with radio echo sounding data to estimate the ice discharge from the ice sheice discharge from the ice sheice sheet.

More back - of - the - napkin trivia — two trillion tons of ice over 5 years is roughly equivalent to the total discharge of the Mackenzie River, which flows directly into the Arctic basin, over a 6 year period (annual mean of ~ 10,000 cms).

The large majority of this discharge is locally sourced with reduction of the Keewatin ice dome being the largest contributor.

Freshening of the ocean can result from numerous factors — the melting of ice, freshwater discharge from rivers, or increased precipitation at high latitudes.

Hunter and Brown calculated an average acceleration in the central projection of the IPCCs AR4 A1FI emission scenario (including scaled - up ice sheet discharge) of 0.002 mm per year over the period 1990 — 2010 (see the value plotted at 2000 in their Fig. 1, ref.

We have fairly high confidence that we observe the history of Heinrich events (huge discharges of ice - rafted debris from the Laurentide ice sheet through Hudson Bay that are roughly coincident with large southern warming, southward shift of the intertropical convergence zone, extensive sea ice in the north Atlantic, reduced monsoonal rainfall in at least some parts of Asia, and other changes), and also cold phases of the Dansgaard / Oeschger oscillations that lack Heinrich layers and are characterized by muted versions of the other climate anomalies I just mentioned.

The GSA seems to have originated from a large discharge of ice from the Arctic to the key deep water formation regions of the North Atlantic.

We assess atmospheric versus oceanic influences on glacial discharge at this location, using analyses of diatom geochemistry to reconstruct atmospherically forced glacial ice discharge and diatom assemblage ecology to investigate the oceanic environment.

Accelerated ice discharge from the Antarctic Peninsula following the collapse of Larsen B ice shelf E. Rignot, G. Casassa, P. Gogineni, W. Krabill, A. Rivera, and R. Thomas Geophysical Research Letters, Vol.

Here, we present a record of Holocene glacial ice discharge, derived from the oxygen isotope composition of marine diatoms from Palmer Deep along the west Antarctic Peninsula continental margin.

Losses of glacial ice and permanent snowpack as well as thawing permafrost are widespread and complex; they affect key aspects of alpine lakes and streams that include temperature, water discharge, and nutrient supply.

«Accelerated Ice Discharge from the Antarctic Peninsula Following the Collapse of Larsen B Ice Shelf.»

More problematic, if discharge proves to significantly exceed recharge, then estimates of contributions from other sources such as melting ice and thermal expansion may be too high.

Landsat 7 and 8 imagery from 2013 through 2015, when compared to earlier estimates based on synthetic aperture radar, indicated ice discharge of 1,932 ± 38 gigatons per year — an increase of 35 ± 15 gigatons per year since roughly 2008.

Accelerated ice discharge from the Antarctic Peninsula following the collapse of Larsen B ice shelf.

However, that seeming paradox is consistent with a scenario in which a «base flow» from groundwater discharge would offset any transfer of waters to growing Little Ice Age glaciers.

But the results put speculation of monotonic or exponential increases in Greenland's ice discharge to rest, an idea that some had raised after a doubling over a few years was reported in 2004 for Jakobshavn Isbræ (Greenland's largest outlet glacier).

In the Arctic, there has been increased Eurasian river discharge to the Arctic Ocean, and continued declines in the ice volume of Arctic and sub-Arctic glaciers and the Greenland ice sheet (very high confidence).

This «grounding line» is very important: Ice that sits on terra firma is thicker than floating ice, and melting of this ice would discharge more liquid water into the sIce that sits on terra firma is thicker than floating ice, and melting of this ice would discharge more liquid water into the sice, and melting of this ice would discharge more liquid water into the sice would discharge more liquid water into the sea.

Heinrich events — abrupt periods of substantial iceberg discharge from the Northern Hemisphere ice sheets — occurred repeatedly throughout the last glacial period and had pronounced global effects on climate.

But when ice accumulation is greater than ice discharge, drainage basins undergo dynamic thickening, and dynamic thickening can occur in response to accumulation events that happened thousands of years ago.

Although Zwally calculated the net «mass gains from snow accumulation exceeded losses from ice discharge by about 112 and 82 Gt / year respectively during the 1992 - 2001 and 2003 - 08 measurement periods», he also reported that the rate of ice loss along the west Antarctic coast and the peninsula had increased from 64 GT / year to 135 GT / year during those same periods.

Scenarios of deglaciation (Meehl et al., 2007 Section 10.7.4.4) assume that any such increase would be outweighed by accelerated discharge of ice following weakening or collapse of an ice shelf due to melting at its surface or its base (*).

These approaches, however, haven't taken into account some physical processes that can quickly increase ice sheet discharge, such as the collapse of terminal ice cliffs and the breakup of floating ice shelves caused by a process known as hydrofracturing.

Loss of glacial volume in Alaska and neighboring British Columbia, Canada, currently contributes 20 % to 30 % as much surplus freshwater to the oceans as does the Greenland Ice Sheet — about 40 to 70 gigatons per year, 66,78,63,57,64,58 comparable to 10 % of the annual discharge of the Mississippi River.79 Glaciers continue to respond to climate warming for years to decades after warming ceases, so ice loss is expected to continue, even if air temperatures were to remain at current leveIce Sheet — about 40 to 70 gigatons per year, 66,78,63,57,64,58 comparable to 10 % of the annual discharge of the Mississippi River.79 Glaciers continue to respond to climate warming for years to decades after warming ceases, so ice loss is expected to continue, even if air temperatures were to remain at current leveice loss is expected to continue, even if air temperatures were to remain at current levels.

Including the effects of physical mechanisms that can quickly increase ice sheet discharge significantly raises sea level rise projections under high - emission scenarios.

Scientists have recently observed major changes in these glaciers: several have broken up at the ocean end (the terminus), and many have doubled the speed at which they are retreating.2, 5 This has meant a major increase in the amount of ice and water they discharge into the ocean, contributing to sea - level rise, which threatens low - lying populations.2, 3,5 Accelerated melting also adds freshwater to the oceans, altering ecosystems and changing ocean circulation and regional weather patterns.7 (See Greenland ice sheet hotspot for more information.)

Mass Gains of the Antarctic Ice Sheet Exceed Losses http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20120013495 SCAR ISMASS Workshop, July 14, 2012 «During 2003 to 2008, the mass gain of the Antarctic ice sheet from snow accumulation exceeded the mass loss from ice discharge by 49 Gt / yr (2.5 % of input), as derived from ICESat laser measurements of elevation chaIce Sheet Exceed Losses http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20120013495 SCAR ISMASS Workshop, July 14, 2012 «During 2003 to 2008, the mass gain of the Antarctic ice sheet from snow accumulation exceeded the mass loss from ice discharge by 49 Gt / yr (2.5 % of input), as derived from ICESat laser measurements of elevation chaice sheet from snow accumulation exceeded the mass loss from ice discharge by 49 Gt / yr (2.5 % of input), as derived from ICESat laser measurements of elevation chaice discharge by 49 Gt / yr (2.5 % of input), as derived from ICESat laser measurements of elevation change