Gudmandsen provides a more detailed analysis
of ice export from the Lincoln Sea north of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago into Baffin Bay, through Nares Strait between Greenland and Canada.
Not exact matches
Greenland's Department
of Ice and Water, meanwhile, is looking to
export its icebergs.
«We
export a lot
of blends to school nutritional programs, as well as blends for
ice cream manufacture all over, including the Caribbean, South America, Asia and Africa,» says Matt Stelzer, vice president
of operations.
Producing private label, branded and licensed products, Rolland produces about 65m litres
of ice cream a year with roughly 25 %
exported to -LSB-...]
@user5751924 — Russian
exports (either via out - sourcing, or emigration, or malware, or cracking)
of computer programming talent are on the scale
of rocket launches, diamonds, and
ice - breaking services — not on the scale
of oil, steel, and natural gas.
Thinner
ice also breaks up more easily, and the thinner the
ice, the faster it seems to be
exported from the Arctic to the Atlantic, says Rune Graversen
of the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute.
During the past weeks, sea -
ice thickness measurements were the main topic of the TIFAX (Thick Ice Feeding Arctic Export) campaign, which involved research aircraft using laser scanners and a towed electromagnetic pro
ice thickness measurements were the main topic
of the TIFAX (Thick
Ice Feeding Arctic Export) campaign, which involved research aircraft using laser scanners and a towed electromagnetic pro
Ice Feeding Arctic
Export) campaign, which involved research aircraft using laser scanners and a towed electromagnetic probe.
Increased
export of grounded
ice after the collapse of northern Larsen Ice Shelf, Antarctic Peninsula, observed by Envisat ASAR, in Igarss: 2007 Ieee International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Vols 1 - 12 — Sensing and Understanding Our Plan
ice after the collapse
of northern Larsen
Ice Shelf, Antarctic Peninsula, observed by Envisat ASAR, in Igarss: 2007 Ieee International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Vols 1 - 12 — Sensing and Understanding Our Plan
Ice Shelf, Antarctic Peninsula, observed by Envisat ASAR, in Igarss: 2007 Ieee International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Vols 1 - 12 — Sensing and Understanding Our Planet.
The
ice found its way into «the drinks
of Maharajahs,
of men and women in waterfront bars in midsummer in Martinique,» he says, over soft music that mixes in sounds referencing the industry and
export geography.
In the past lobster was a big
export and here in San Pedro a cargo plane full
of ice would fly in to take the catch.
The works include reenactments
of Vito Acconci's Seedbed (1972), in which the artist occupied the space under a false floor, masturbating and speaking through a microphone to visitors above; Valie
Export's Action Pants: Genital Panic (1969) in which
Export walked through a movie theater in crotchless pants, challenging the audience to turn from the images
of women on the screen to a real female body; and Abramovic's own Lips
of Thomas (1975), in which she ate a kilogram
of honey and drank a liter
of red wine before breaking her glass with her hand, incising a star in her stomach with a razor blade, whipping herself until she «no longer felt pain,» then lying down on an
ice cross while a space heater suspended above her caused her to bleed even more profusely.
The» low frequency oscillation'that dominated the
ice export through the Fram Strait as well as the extension
of the sea -
ice in the Greenland Sea and Davis Strait in the twentieth century may therefore be regarded as part
of a pattern that has existed through at least four centuries.
Volume gives us an idea on how much freshwater is stored in Arctic sea
ice — an important element in the global - Arctic hydrological cycle, i.e., the cycle
of distillation due to freezing, and subsequent
export, and melt.
It seems that the near - zero replenishment
of the MY
ice cover after the summers
of 2005 and 2007, an imbalance in the cycle
of replenishment and
ice export, has played a significant role in the loss
of Arctic sea
ice volume over the ICESat record.
Well, with the global oil
exporting countries on track to consuming all the oil they produce by 2025 - 2030 the rest
of the world will be back in the dark ages well before we get an
ice - free Arctic.
The net trend in the past decennia is a cooling
of the (deeper) Atlantic around South Greenland, which points to more cooler water /
ice export from the Arctic.
In 2007 we had a persistent high sitting over the Canadian Arctic, which contributed significantly to the
export of sea
ice out
of the Arctic.
Bottom line: the great
ice loss
of summer 2007 was substantially set up by the
export of huge amounts
of thick old
ice many years earlier, as described here:
Second several papers by Rigor and others show that the loss
of ice is due to changing wind patterns have caused greater
ice export.
Nares Strait Recent
ice advection patterns; warm water advances into the Arctic from the Atlantic;
ice distribution patterns: all
of these things show that conditions continue to be advantageous for
export of ice through Fram Strait.
As soon as the
ice in Nares Strait breaks up, a continuation
of current trends will be advantageous for the
export of substantial volumes
of the remaining older
ice through that channel, supplementing the
export through Fram Strait.
Analyzing satellite and in - situ ocean data, the researchers said a large amount
of pack
ice and fresh water was
exported into the northwest Labrador Sea in the summer
of 2007.
While a negative AO leads to warmer temperatures over the Arctic, it also tends to reduce the flow
of sea
ice out
of the Arctic by affecting the winds that can
export the
ice to warmer waters, where it melts.
The absence
of anomalous features evident in 2007 in SLP and stratospheric and surface winds in spring in 2011 indicates that accelerated decline associated with the former will not be an artifact
of dynamical phenomena, although a thinner and more mobile
ice cover may lower the wind forcing threshold required for increased
ice export.
The June outlook reflects the fact that winds during the last two weeks have reversed the flow
of the buoys and sea
ice in the Beaufort Gyre and Transpolar Drift Stream, slowing
export and sequestering sea
ice in the Arctic.
Surface weather patterns are central in driving
export, deformation, and compaction
of ice, transporting heat and moisture, and are linked to cloud cover.
In Fram Strait, Rigor et al. predicts reduced
export of sea
ice from the Arctic Ocean.
Low heights in the Atlantic side suggest colder temperatures and less sea
ice export, while north
of Siberia winds are now offshore, which may reverse the persistence
of sea
ice in that region.
The thinner wintertime
ice combined with strengthened southerlies in spring promotes an earlier break - up
of the
ice pack in the Eurasian coastal region, resulting in significant sea
ice export.
At the workshop and from recent publications, there is near consensus that the 2007 sea
ice minimum was due to the combination
of almost two decades
of preconditioning (thinning and increased
ice export) plus a rare supportive weather pattern in summer 2007.
Surface weather patterns are central in driving
export, deformation, and compaction
of ice, and transporting heat and moisture, and are linked to cloud cover.
Long - term changes in atmospheric circulation have resulted in an increased amount
of perennial sea
ice being
exported through Fram Strait rather than being recirculated (e.g., Beaufort Gyre); this was what set up the 2007 record September minimum.
ii)
ice - 605 cover associated sea - level - pressure changes that reorganize winds and thereby direction
of freshwater and sea
ice export between the Arctic Basin and marginal seas;
Another side effect
of the high pressure has been increased
export of sea
ice from the Central Arctic, as illustrated by this animation from «Wipneus» on the Arctic Sea Ice For
ice from the Central Arctic, as illustrated by this animation from «Wipneus» on the Arctic Sea
Ice For
Ice Forum:
In terms
of wind conditions, weak, southerly mean winds over the Fram Strait would presumably have reduced
ice export out
of the Arctic.
To summarise the arguments presented so far concerning
ice - loss in the arctic basin, at least four mechanisms must be recognised: (i) a momentum - induced slowing
of winter
ice formation, (ii) upward heat - flux from anomalously warm Atlantic water through the surface low ‐ salinity layer below the
ice, (iii) wind patterns that cause the
export of anomalous amounts
of drift
ice through the Fram Straits and disperse pack -
ice in the western basin and (iv) the anomalous flux
of warm Bering Sea water into the eastern Arctic
of the mid 1990s.
In the Beaufort and Chukchi seas,
ice distribution mimicks the Beaufort Gyre circulation pattern with advection
of ice from the high Canadian Arctic into the Beaufort Sea and
export of ice northward in the Chukchi Sea.
However, due to strong divergence and
export, first ‐ year
ice (FYI) was much thinner than in 2015, giving rise to expectations
of earlier FYI melt and disappearance in 2016 than in 2015.
Behavior
of the sea
ice over the past winter and the spring and the large positive temperature anomalies in the Arctic (as high as 20 degrees C over large regions in the past winter) suggest that an extent near that
of the 2012 minimum may occur again if there is large
export of sea
ice out to the Atlantic Ocean via the Fram Strait.
But accelerating the
export of ice in winter depletes the Arctic Ocean
of older thicker
ice, leaving the extent
of the thinner
ice pack more sensitive to summer melt.
The roughly factor
of two increase in speed shown is partly due to decreases in
ice thickness and strength, but it is safe to predict that if cyclonic storm events like this one ending 2015 continue penetrating the eastern Arctic Ocean, they will increase
ice export and reduce summer 2016
ice extent.
The subsequent increase in multiyear sea
ice culminated during the past 2500 years and is linked to an increase in
ice export from the western Arctic and higher variability
of ice - drift routes.
Thin
ice makes it more difficult to rely on conventional wisdom, although this year has proven that a lack
of melting momentum during May and June followed by weather conditions during July and August that do not favour melt /
export / compaction can still prevent a record, even if volume was at a record low for much
of the year.
Considering no special atmospheric pattern for enhanced
ice melt or
ice export out
of Fram Strait results in an estimate
of 5.4 million square kilometers.