«Well, we do have past records
of ice sheet retreat under climates warmer than present so we decided to determine what those rates of retreat were.»
Such effect would delay the anticipated pace
of ice sheet retreat.
«We're providing mechanistic explanations for how those dramatic sorts of rates
of ice sheet retreat could actually happen,» DeConto told me, «but we don't need [Hansen's] feedback [to reach similar conclusions.]»
Polar amplification, in which temperatures at the poles rise more rapidly than temperatures at the equator (due to factors like the global atmospheric and oceanic circulation of heat from the equator to the poles), plays a major role in the rate
of ice sheet retreat.
Polar amplification, in which temperatures at the poles rise more rapidly than temperatures at the equator (due to factors like the global atmospheric and oceanic circulation of heat from the equator to the poles), plays a major role in the rate
of ice sheet retreat.
Not exact matches
The governor, who has been around the state politics since the Laurentide
ice sheet retreated, knows something about the tortured relationship between the chief magistrate
of the state's largest city and the state capital.
In comparison, it took the Jakobshavn Isbræ
ice stream — a southwest Greenland region with a fast - moving glacier that has been a focal point
of scientific examination
of ice sheet melt — 150 years to
retreat 35 kilometers, said Khan.
Evidence
of past glacial advance and
retreat is also more easily observed in the Dry Valleys, providing a window into the past behavior
of the vast Antarctic
ice sheets and their influence on global sea levels.
Today's red deer, which recolonized Europe after the
ice sheet melted about 12,000 years ago, fall into three or four distinct lineages that likely correspond to separate southern regions to which the deer had
retreated during the height
of the
ice age, Stanton says.
Today, as warming waters caused by climate change flow underneath the floating
ice shelves in Pine Island Bay, the Antarctic Ice Sheet is once again at risk of losing mass from rapidly retreating glacie
ice shelves in Pine Island Bay, the Antarctic
Ice Sheet is once again at risk of losing mass from rapidly retreating glacie
Ice Sheet is once again at risk
of losing mass from rapidly
retreating glaciers.
Eventually, the floating
ice shelf in front
of the glaciers «broke up», which caused them to
retreat onto land sloping downward from the grounding lines to the interior
of the
ice sheet.
Thousands
of marks on the Antarctic seafloor, caused by icebergs which broke free from glaciers more than ten thousand years ago, show how part
of the Antarctic
Ice Sheet retreated rapidly at the end of the last ice age as it balanced precariously on sloping ground and became unstab
Ice Sheet retreated rapidly at the end
of the last
ice age as it balanced precariously on sloping ground and became unstab
ice age as it balanced precariously on sloping ground and became unstable.
Their results overcome a basic problem
of trying to discern the deep history
of ice from bedrock: every time an
ice sheet retreats and then grows back, it scours away the bedrock and the isotope record
of its own past.
Satellite studies
of Earth's gravitational field show that North America is still rebounding from the weight
of the massive Laurentide
Ice Sheet, which
retreated thousands
of years ago
Massive reorganizations
of the ocean - atmosphere system, the authors argue, are the key events that link cyclic changes in the earth's orbit to the advance and
retreat of ice sheets
The reason for the
retreat of the
ice sheets remains elusive, however.
The biggest changes were seen in West Antarctica, where more than a fifth
of the
ice sheet has
retreated across the sea floor faster than the pace
of deglaciation.
The advance and
retreat of ice sheets is paced by cyclical changes in the shape
of Earth's orbit.
Twelve thousand years ago, the great
ice sheets retreated at the beginning
of the latest interglacial — the Flandrian — allowing humans to return to northern latitudes.
Then, as they moved into coastal North America after
ice sheets there began
retreating around 16,000 years ago, they could have continued to dine on a wealth
of coastal foods.
But the good news is that an aggressive reduction in emissions will limit the risk
of major Antarctic
ice sheet retreat.»
Melting
of the smaller Greenland
Ice Sheet can only explain a fraction
of this sea - level rise, most which must have been caused by
retreat on Antarctica.»
The revised estimate for sea - level rise comes from including new processes in the 3 - dimensional
ice sheet model, and testing them against past episodes
of high sea - levels and
ice retreat.
According to the team's data,
ice advanced from the Aurora Basin and
retreated back again at least 11 times during the first 20 million years
of the
ice sheet's history.
In 2014, two papers, one in Science and one in Geophysical Review Letters, noted that the Thwaites Glacier, which some scientists call the «weak underbelly»
of the West Antarctic
Ice Sheet, has
retreated dramatically over the past 2 decades.
A new model, investigating the
retreat of this
ice sheet and its many impacts has just been published in Quaternary Science Reviews.
Dr Ohneiser says that one
of the key implications
of the study is that changes in global sea - level are uneven when
ice sheets expand or
retreat.
The only way that significant amounts
of this mud could have been deposited as sediment in the sea would be if the
ice sheet had
retreated inland and eroded these rocks, say the team.
We determine that this difference is driven by the growth and
retreat of large continental
ice sheets that are present in the cold
ice - age climates; these
ice sheets reflect a lot
of sunlight and their growth consequently amplifies the impact
of CO2 changes.»
Researchers used geologic evidence and
ice sheet models to construct a timeline
of the Cordilleran's advance and
retreat.
The Knife Point Glacier, one
of the range's fastest
retreating ice sheets, melted three times faster between 1999 and 2015 than it did between 1966 and 1999.
THE MOTIVE For millions
of years, Antarctica's
ice sheet has advanced and
retreated as Earth has cooled and warmed.
The new result focuses on
ice loss due to a major
retreat of an outlet glacier connected to a long «river»
of ice — known as an
ice stream — that drains
ice from the interior
of the
ice sheet.
The unstoppable
retreat is the likely start
of a long - feared domino effect that could cause the entire
ice sheet to melt, whether or not greenhouse gas emissions decline.
Gerhard Kuhn, co-author
of the study, said, «Our results provide evidence that in the past, [West Antarctic
Ice Sheet -RCB-
retreat was also predominantly caused by melting through warm ocean water.»
Like frozen levees, the
retreating glaciers pin back more stable parts
of the Greenland - size
ice sheet.
«These glaciers will keep
retreating for decades and even centuries to come and we can't stop it,» said lead study author Eric Rignot, a glaciologist at the University
of California, Irvine, and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. «A large sector
of the West Antarctic
Ice Sheet has passed the point
of no return.»
To track the growth and
retreat of ice cover in the region, Miller and colleagues have been hunting for remnants
of scraggly mosses along the edges
of the island's
retreating ice sheets.
The abrupt changes seen in the Greenland
ice cores are due to sea -
ice changes and the slower changes are the growth or
retreat of continental
ice sheets.
Retreat of Pine Island Glacier controlled by marine
ice -
sheet instability.
Hindmarsh, R.C.A., and E. Le Meur, Dynamical processes involved in the
retreat of marine
ice sheets, Journal
of Glaciology, in press.
Thomas, R.H., and C.R. Bentley, A model for Holocene
retreat of the West Antarctic
ice sheet, Quaternary Research, Vol.
Ice sheet retreat continues until a new equilibrium temperature state is reached, one determined largely by the end - point
of atmospheric CO2.
A model
of a polar
ice stream, and future sea - level rise due to possible drastic
retreat of the West Antarctic
ice sheet.
Especially in West Antarctica, where much
of the
ice sheet sits below sea level, complex interactions at the edge
of the
ice sheet can sensitively affect the rate
of ice -
sheet retreat.
There is evidence that greenhouse gas levels fell at the start
of ice ages and rose during the
retreat of the
ice sheets, but it is difficult to establish cause and effect (see the notes above on the role
of weathering).
This feedback could potentially result in the rapid loss
of parts
of the
ice sheet, as grounding lines
retreat along troughs and basins that deepen towards the
ice sheet's interior.
Since then, the world has seen cycles
of glaciation with
ice sheets advancing and
retreating on 40,000 - and 100,000 - year time scales called glacials (glacial advance) and interglacials (glacial
retreat).
The Antarctic
Ice Sheet first formed as a small ice cap (maybe several) in the early Oligocene, but retreating and advancing many times until the Pliocene, when it came to occupy almost all of Antarcti
Ice Sheet first formed as a small
ice cap (maybe several) in the early Oligocene, but retreating and advancing many times until the Pliocene, when it came to occupy almost all of Antarcti
ice cap (maybe several) in the early Oligocene, but
retreating and advancing many times until the Pliocene, when it came to occupy almost all
of Antarctica.
The rapid shrinkage
of glaciers around the Antarctic Peninsula, coupled with the potential for
ice - shelf collapse and grounding line retreat, raises concerns for the future of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, and this is an area of urgent current research [
ice - shelf collapse and grounding line
retreat, raises concerns for the future
of the West Antarctic
Ice Sheet, and this is an area of urgent current research [
Ice Sheet, and this is an area
of urgent current research [3].