We can certainly see some melting here, though without any frame of reference, we can not tell if these are football - sized chunks
of icy soil or football field sized chunks.
The Phoenix lander, on course to reach Mars on May 25, will assess habitability of a shallow subsurface environment
of icy soil farther north than any earlier mission has landed.
In June the probe's eight - foot - long robotic arm exposed white patches of ice in the rust - colored Martian dirt; in July it took bits
of the icy soil and studied its composition.
Instead, much of the work on permafrost degradation over the past few decades has focused on the widespread, slow melting
of the icy soils from the top down, says Vladimir Romanovsky, a geophysicist at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, who was not involved in the new study.
And that's because of the permafrost, the vast subterranean body
of icy soils throughout the Arctic region whose total carbon content is estimated to be roughly double what's currently in the atmosphere.
Not exact matches
The
icy deposits appear to be patchy and thin, and it's possible that they are mixed in with the surface layer
of soil, dust and small rocks called the regolith.
But the team calculates that if the layer
of rock and
icy soil above the water table is particularly conductive, it could be absorbing enough energy from the radar to obscure a telltale signal.
Their new simulations showed that the impact
of a comet coma plus its
icy core would indeed have the effect
of blowing away the smallest grains that sit atop the lunar
soil.
Gravel, however, tends to find that sweet spot in between arcade and simulator, which makes for a unique experience when playing, but once you better understand the physics and get used to the lack
of traction thanks to most tracks being on, well,
soil and sand (frequently wet or
icy thanks to weather) instead
of asphalt, things start to click a little more, but it'll take a few races to ease into it.