Sentences with phrase «of igneous»

This geothermal gradient averages about 30 °C (about 85 °F) per kilometre, but the gradient ranges from less than 10 °C (50 °F) per kilometre in regions undergoing very rapid subsidence to more than 100 °C (212 °F) per kilometre in areas of igneous activity.

Ironically for our green friends, the ore comes from a type of rock called «carbonatite» which is a relatively rare and unusual type of igneous rock composed primarily of carbonate minerals.

So, given that the radius of the Earth is over 6000 kms, and granite melts at around 1250 C, the relatively viscous crust is at most 45 km thick on average, (below the melting point of igneous granite).

The western 2/3 of Santa Catalina contains primarily metamorphic rocks, while the eastern end is composed of igneous rocks.

This dog has a granite deficiency and has made her way unerringly to a pile of igneous rocks.

Obsidian, basalt, and granite are all examples of igneous rocks.

In this resource, pupils will learn... 1) to compare and group together different kinds of rocks on the basis of their appearance and simple physical properties 2) to recognise that soils are made from rocks and organic matter 3) the rock cycle and the formation of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks 4) to understand how cooling and solidifying of magma results in formation of igneous rocks.

Each question is a short answer question such as identifying the properties of humus and loam as well as thinking through the properties of igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rock.

The lesson includes a practical link to the formation of igneous rocks with the opportunities for pupils to write their own hypothesis and conclusion for the experiment.

Radioactive dating of igneous rocks reveals their absolute age.

How might the absolute age of an igneous rock layer help scien - tists to determine the ages of nearby sedimentary rock layers?

Earth and Venus should have had sufficient inner heat to remelt some of its surface basalt to form a range of igneous rocks called granites or «granitoids,» which are coarse - grained blends of lighter minerals (including quartz, feldspar, and mica that are common in Earth's crust but rarer in the smaller planetsimals).

Together, these observations provide compelling evidence that the Moon is a complex body that has experienced a diverse set of igneous processes.

They are actually the edges of roughly hexagonal columns of igneous rock, similar to other geometric landmarks such as Ireland's Giant's Causeway or Devils Postpile in California.

His team found a layer of igneous rock in Southwest China, and used the marine fossils to date it to a huge volcanic eruption 260 million years ago.

The study by Andersen and his colleagues is the first to use the uranium isotope ratio for the examination of igneous rock and apply it to the recycling process in deep Earth.

Data from a wide variety of igneous rock types show that the ratio of potassium to uranium is approximately 1 X 104.

The reservoir, found on Baffin Island in the Canadian Arctic, is part of an igneous rock formation created 60 million years ago when volcanoes unleashed a torrent of fast - flowing, deep - earth lava.

The strike - slip and thrust movements of the fault may drive water from the Red Sea in between the fault and the surface of the igneous block, allowing the two to slip past each other, the scientists suggest.

Not exact matches

But as Lucara has continued to process kimberlite, the igneous rock that sometimes contains diamonds, the company has been able to show a random distribution of very large stones in the mine's south lobe.

Most of the ocean's salts were derived from gradual processes such the breaking up of the cooled igneous rocks of the Earth's crust by weathering and erosion, the wearing down of mountains, and the dissolving action of rains and streams which transported their mineral washings to the sea.

To me there is a big difference between letting kids watch two hours of Sponge Bob and two hours about how spiders spin webs or how igneous rock is formed, etc..

The researchers determined that the earthquakes at Abu Dabbab extend in a line from the coast into the Red Sea, «and the seismicity pattern is arc - shaped in depth, confined to the dome - like structure of the rigid igneous body that formed during the Precambrian era» above an active fault, El Khrepy said.

Pumice is a highly vesicular pyroclastic igneous rock of intermediate to siliceous magmas including rhyolite, trachyte and phonolite.

Igneous rocks are formed by the cooling of magma (molten rock) which makes its way to Earth's surface, often leading to volcanic eruptions.

However, Gale crater, where the Curiosity rover landed, contains fragments of very ancient igneous rocks (around 4 billion years old) that are distinctly light in color, which were analyzed by the ChemCam instrument.

(The camouflage of these creatures on the black igneous rock was fascinating, but not very colorful.)

One suspect behind several mass extinctions is a kind of enormous volcanic zone called a large igneous province, or LIP.

Angrites are igneous rocks, many of which are thought to have erupted onto the surface of asteroids very early in the solar system's history and then quickly cooled, freezing their original properties — including their composition and paleomagnetic signals — in place.

«A geologist with a background in igneous petrology,» the study of rocks formed from solidified magma, «will be able to interpret a lot more from a rock than a physicist.

Amid the dunes and outcrops of black, igneous rock stand a few scraggly saguaro cacti.

Large igneous provinces, or LIPs, are huge pools of volcanic rocks poured out at the Earth's surface.

Eventually the magma ran out, leaving a large igneous province — a 20 - mile - thick pile of volcanic rocks.

Pore spaces that shelter subsurface microbes areconstricted to the vanishing point in metamorphic rocks buried over eons byfurther sedimentation, volcanic eruptions, or massive folding of Earth's crust.And dense crystalline material formed by melting — basic igneous rock — offerslittle housing or dining.

«When they found the igneous rocks, they said, «Oh, this is a volcanic center,»» says Alan Hildebrand, a geologist at the University of Calgary in Canada.

The igneous rock was fine - grained with small crystals of various kinds, except every once in a while where a relative giant crystal — 1 centimeter or more across — intruded.

They set out to find a link, looking closely at records detailing the geochemistry of shales and igneous rock types from around the world — more than 48,000 rocks dating back billions of years.

It eroded from igneous rock, which was produced by the solidification of molten magma.

Basalt magmas form by decompression melting of peridotite in the Earth's mantle, a process discussed in the entry for igneous rocks.

Rietveld and full - pattern analysis of the XRD data have revealed a complex mineralogy, with contributions from parent igneous rocks, amorphous components and several minerals relating to aqueous alteration, for example clay minerals and hydrated sulphates.

Scientists now think that massive volcanic activity, in a Large Igneous Province called the Siberian Traps, raised air and sea temperatures and released toxic amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere over a very short period of time.

Because we can not sample the deep Earth, we must deduce its composition either by looking at the clues hidden in igneous and metamorphic rocks, or by examining proxies for composition and structure such as the three - dimensional variation of the velocity of seismic waves produced by earthquakes and sampled by networks of seismometers on the surface.

The digital model was a computer simulation of cooling igneous rock.

The plate failed to split completely, but geologists think that the event left scars below the NMSZ: a buried rift zone, where the rocks are weak and fractured, over plutons — blobs of dense igneous rock — that themselves rose from an upwelling of unusually dense lower crust.

Working with Artur Ionescu of the Babes - Bolyai University in Cluj - Napoca, Romania, he has shown that ruthenium, a rare metal found in the igneous rocks beneath the site, can act as a catalyst, allowing methane to form in the lab at temperatures below 100 °C — similar to the temperatures at Yanartas (Geofluids, DOI: 10.1111 / gfl.12106).

Their findings further substantiate the critical role of mantle plumes in forming large igneous provinces.

Tarduno and his students had been studying massive lava flows that cover some of the High Arctic islands, and believes the same volcanic events that produced those igneous rocks also could have produced a series of islands along a low underwater mountain range in the Arctic Ocean called Alpha Ridge.

Much of the countries mineral wealth is still hidden under a thick cover of unconsolidated rock and soil, sediments and igneous rocks.

Researchers are looking deeper into the architecture of the earth — the igneous intrusions, the cracks and the potential mineral traps — in a way that would have been impossible just a few years ago.

«This would have stopped Ceres from ending up with an igneous surface like that of Vesta.»