There's also a subset of theories which suggest coffee has components which could improve insulin sensitivity by means of mechanisms like the mediation of cell's oxidative stress, hormonal effects, the
modulation of inflammatory pathways or the reduction of iron stores.
A 2015 study found that athletes taking glutamine prior to long distance running experienced less intestinal permeability, which ultimately aided in the
suppression of inflammatory pathways.
That «shut down almost
all of the inflammatory pathways,» Olefsky says.