Post-hoc probing
of the interaction effect (via computation of the simple slopes with statistical tests) will provide us with this information.
A possible explanation for the lack
of an interaction effect of parental depression with intelligence on overall adaptive behavior in the combined data set may be that the level of parental depression has little impact, if any, on the participants» intellectual development, which may have already been stabilized.
We examined the robustness
of the interaction effect, tested a number of alternative explanations, and investigated possible underlying mechanisms.
Clearly, further research is needed to identify the molecular, and particularly psychological, moderators
of this interaction effect.
Temperament X Parenting Interactions: In the study
of interaction effects of temperament and parenting on developmental outcomes, one replicated pattern of associations involves child self - regulation and parental control.
These kinds
of interaction effects determine what mutational pathways are open and available for evolution.»
Temperament X Parenting Interactions: In the study
of interaction effects of temperament and parenting on developmental outcomes, one replicated pattern of associations involves child self - regulation and parental control.
All of these interaction effects are exploratory and require replication.
Furthermore, the presence of risk factors in the context of PPD did not present an extra risk to the children whose mothers had PPD, as was evident from the lack
of interaction effects between sample status and the risk factors.
Finally, although the sizes
of the interaction effects were not large in magnitude, even small effects may affect public health substantially [43, 44], especially given the high prevalence of adolescents being peer - victimized.
All continuous independent variables were centered to facilitate interpretation
of interaction effects (Aiken & West, 1991).
The effect sizes of the associations between PPD and child developmental outcomes, and the lack
of interaction effects between PPD and additional risk factors in this study, indicate that there is more to the story than the predictors that we have examined or controlled for (i.e., sample status, gender, maternal education, partner conflict, separation from the father and stressful life events).
This comparative analysis
of interaction effects between two social contexts (parent connectedness and supportive friendships) is an established way to operationalize Bronfenbrenner's conceptualization of the mesosystem (Bronfenbrenner, 1977; Bronfenbrenner & Crouter, 1983), and the inclusion of supportive relationship data from both waves of measurement allows for the assessment of stability versus change within the family — peer mesosystem (Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 1998).
Summary
of interaction effects between groups (ART versus control) and family and stress factors among mena from T2 to T3
Summary
of interaction effects between groups (ART versus control) and family and stress factors among womena from T2 to T3
Not exact matches
«The domino
effect of every human
interaction, it goes somewhere.
«We found that it not only increases the positive
effect toward a favorable
interaction, but it also diminishes the impact
of a negative impression.
One such study that was designed to observe the
effects of voice on both the sender and receiver found that voice increased satisfaction because it heightened the perceived value
of the
interaction.
Note that multiple
interactions in this case make the combined
effect of many provisions greater than the sum
of their parts.
Every Christian is a citizen
of this new world order, this kingdom with no end, we live our lives in light
of this truth and it
effects our worldly
interactions and supersedes our earthly allegiances.
These terms offer a framework for analysis, with a focus on the
interaction and the
effects of this process on communication between individuals or among small or large groups.
Gravity from space (Einstein's relativity) operates on mass through space and matter
interaction is a natural process like centrifugal force which made its appearance when a body is morning in circle Jean mass is the amount
of matter that must be present before gravity becomes effective or felt, once this minimum amount
of matter is reached or exceeded, gravity with mass interact with space - time to bring geodesics and gravity begin to control other bodies and then orbit around each other, another aspect
of the twin
effect of gravity and mass is the necessity to account for energy required to sustain gravitating mass and where does this energy originating from Einstein's field equation says from space but never refer to the origin
of gravitation.
By setting his, discussion in the context
of a dialectic (externalization, objectification, internalization), he has in
effect stressed the importance
of social
interaction for the production and maintenance
of religion but at the same time he has recognized the independent capacity
of religion to exist as a cultural system and to shape individual thoughts and attitudes.
«But if you're using it to reach out and connect to people to facilitate other kinds
of [in - person]
interactions, it's associated with more positive
effects.»
Nature was viewed as a self - contained system whose
interactions are to be exhaustively accounted for in the purely natural terms
of lawful cause - and -
effect.
The «classical», idea
of effective
interactions was that
of simple material causality, with one or two causes producing one or two
effects in a simple linear manner.
The next stage was to accept that in many entities we have to consider a large number
of interacting components, and processes
of cause -
effect which are not simply linear, but may interest either by being linked into networks, or by various types
of feed - back
interaction, positive or negative and so on.
They point to other destructive aspects
of television that have been stressed by television researchers and theorists; the privatization
of experience at the expense
of family and social
interaction and rela - tionships; (33) the promotion
of fear as the appropriate attitude to life: (34) television's cultural levelling
effects which blur local, regional, and national differences and impose a distorted and primarily free - enterprise, competitive and capitalistic picture
of events and their significance; (35) television's suppression
of social dialogue; (36) its distorted and exploitative presentation
of certain social groups: (37) the increasing alienation felt by most viewers in relation to this central means
of social communication; (38) and its negative
effects on the development
of the full range
of human potential.
This is the Word probing for the positive human response,
effecting God's purpose in
interaction with the word, with the performance, with the faith and unfaith
of man.
Because
of the complex
interaction of religious broadcasting with other social characteristics such as broader religious and cultural movements, changing social uses
of mass media, and changing historical circumstances, it is unlikely that a simple cause -
effect relationship between the viewing
of religious programs on television and individual faith and church
interaction could ever be isolated.
The many different species
of plants and animals each have their own particular natures because
of a long history
of interactions and cause - and -
effect sequences which have made each species what it is.
As James Ashbook puts it, «The central difficulty is to
effect the transition from a dependent relationship to one
of mutual
interaction and responsibility.»
The nature
of the relationship between malnutrition and infection is found in the fact that their
interaction within the body is synergistic; that is, the
effect of the presence
of both
of them at once is greater than the sum
of the
effects of malnutrition plus the
effects of infection.
It takes in loud rock music, fireworks, all sorts
of lighting
effects (heavy on the lasers), introductions that would put even Merv Griffin to shame and carefully orchestrated
interaction between the players and the fans.
It may be that part
of what produces positive results in health - based interventions like the Nurse - Family Partnership, or read - with - your - kids programs, or even the Jamaican experiment, is that they involve home visitors urging parents to play and read and talk more with their infants — to engage in more serve - and - return moments, in other words — and those up - close parental
interactions may have the
effect of promoting secure attachment, even if attachment was not the intended target
of the intervention.
• In a case study
of home - visiting support directed to the father in a couple in which the mother had been treated for depression after the birth, positive
effects on father - infant
interactions were observed with «knock - on» positive
effects on the mother's parenting (Fletcher, 2009).
Fletcher (2009) found that an intervention with a father whose partner was depressed not only improved the quality
of his parenting (with inevitable positive impact on his baby's mental health) but also had positive knock - on
effects on the quality
of mother - infant
interactions in that household.
The draft lacks a clear description
of the criteria for eliminating an increasing number
of non-GLP studies that indicate the possibility
of toxic
effects that are not mediated by
interaction of BPA with the estrogen receptor, and the Subcommittee does not agree with the exclusion
of the non-GLP studies in the safety assessment.
Saline Spray / Drops is non-medicated and can be used as often as needed without the worry
of any harmful side
effects or drug
interactions.
Also, the baby initiates the sounds and music with their jumping and
interaction with the Jumperoo, which encourages them to learn the relation
of cause and
effect.
Because
of the significant
interactions between feeding mode and type
of milk, we stratified the analysis by examining their
effects separately (Table 4).
We confirmed this gene — environment
interaction in two birth cohorts, and we ruled out alternative explanations
of the finding involving gene — exposure correlation, intrauterine growth, social class, and maternal cognitive ability, as well as maternal genotype
effects on breastfeeding and breast milk.
The transfer
of alcohol to human milk: Sensory implications and
effects on mother - infant
interaction.
However, confidence intervals
of these differences were overlapping with each other (P = 0.51 for the
interaction), indicating no differential intervention
effects on child IQ across maternal education categories.
Moreover, family back - ground
of both spouses contributed independently to couples» divorce risk, suggesting that, in many cases, divorce may be largely the result
of characteristics the two spouses bring to the union rather than to
interaction effects.
These results also suggest that the adjustment difficulties seen with some children
of divorced parents may be due to an
interaction between genetic and environmental factors rather than environmental influences alone, as is assumed in many theories
of divorce» s
effects.
Weeks and months before baby books tell you your little on learns «cause and
effect», she'll begin on day 1
of life to explore this primary cognitive concept through incidental
interactions with the world.
Thus, researchers have asked: Is the
effect of early infant crying on later development direct, or is it indirect through
interactions with the child's early social partners?
We would have considered it reasonable to combine the results from both if there was little heterogeneity between the study designs and the
interaction between the
effect of intervention and the choice
of randomisation unit was considered to be unlikely.
Moreover, the
effect of not receiving any breast milk was stronger (pi = 0.105 for
interaction) in those infants whose GP was in a more deprived area (adjusted OR = 5.00) than in a less deprived area (adjusted OR = 1.56).