But the Indiana University Maurer School of Law's new Center on Global Legal Profession will break fresh ground, by «focusing on the unprecedented challenges lawyers are facing around the world and develop research and training materials to assist current and future attorneys in their understanding
of international legal systems.»
However, the SIA did not violate the principles of fundamental justice under section 7, as there was no international consensus that article 14 of the Convention Against Torture, which requires state parties to provide means for redress, was fundamental to the operation
of the international legal system (at para 147).
Not exact matches
In addition, there are
legal limits for the involvement
of foreign operations in Canada's telecom
system, which makes the task
of becoming the fourth competitor less attractive to
international companies.
Important factors that may affect the Company's business and operations and that may cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward - looking statements include, but are not limited to, increased competition; the Company's ability to maintain, extend and expand its reputation and brand image; the Company's ability to differentiate its products from other brands; the consolidation
of retail customers; the Company's ability to predict, identify and interpret changes in consumer preferences and demand; the Company's ability to drive revenue growth in its key product categories, increase its market share, or add products; an impairment
of the carrying value
of goodwill or other indefinite - lived intangible assets; volatility in commodity, energy and other input costs; changes in the Company's management team or other key personnel; the Company's inability to realize the anticipated benefits from the Company's cost savings initiatives; changes in relationships with significant customers and suppliers; execution
of the Company's
international expansion strategy; changes in laws and regulations;
legal claims or other regulatory enforcement actions; product recalls or product liability claims; unanticipated business disruptions; failure to successfully integrate the Company; the Company's ability to complete or realize the benefits from potential and completed acquisitions, alliances, divestitures or joint ventures; economic and political conditions in the nations in which the Company operates; the volatility
of capital markets; increased pension, labor and people - related expenses; volatility in the market value
of all or a portion
of the derivatives that the Company uses; exchange rate fluctuations; disruptions in information technology networks and
systems; the Company's inability to protect intellectual property rights; impacts
of natural events in the locations in which the Company or its customers, suppliers or regulators operate; the Company's indebtedness and ability to pay such indebtedness; the Company's dividend payments on its Series A Preferred Stock; tax law changes or interpretations; pricing actions; and other factors.
Important factors that may affect the Company's business and operations and that may cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward - looking statements include, but are not limited to, operating in a highly competitive industry; changes in the retail landscape or the loss
of key retail customers; the Company's ability to maintain, extend and expand its reputation and brand image; the impacts
of the Company's
international operations; the Company's ability to leverage its brand value; the Company's ability to predict, identify and interpret changes in consumer preferences and demand; the Company's ability to drive revenue growth in its key product categories, increase its market share, or add products; an impairment
of the carrying value
of goodwill or other indefinite - lived intangible assets; volatility in commodity, energy and other input costs; changes in the Company's management team or other key personnel; the Company's ability to realize the anticipated benefits from its cost savings initiatives; changes in relationships with significant customers and suppliers; the execution
of the Company's
international expansion strategy; tax law changes or interpretations;
legal claims or other regulatory enforcement actions; product recalls or product liability claims; unanticipated business disruptions; the Company's ability to complete or realize the benefits from potential and completed acquisitions, alliances, divestitures or joint ventures; economic and political conditions in the United States and in various other nations in which we operate; the volatility
of capital markets; increased pension, labor and people - related expenses; volatility in the market value
of all or a portion
of the derivatives we use; exchange rate fluctuations; risks associated with information technology and
systems, including service interruptions, misappropriation
of data or breaches
of security; the Company's ability to protect intellectual property rights; impacts
of natural events in the locations in which we or the Company's customers, suppliers or regulators operate; the Company's indebtedness and ability to pay such indebtedness; the Company's ownership structure; the impact
of future sales
of its common stock in the public markets; the Company's ability to continue to pay a regular dividend; changes in laws and regulations; restatements
of the Company's consolidated financial statements; and other factors.
Important factors that may affect the Company's business and operations and that may cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward - looking statements include, but are not limited to, increased competition; the Company's ability to maintain, extend and expand its reputation and brand image; the Company's ability to differentiate its products from other brands; the consolidation
of retail customers; the Company's ability to predict, identify and interpret changes in consumer preferences and demand; the Company's ability to drive revenue growth in its key product categories, increase its market share or add products; an impairment
of the carrying value
of goodwill or other indefinite - lived intangible assets; volatility in commodity, energy and other input costs; changes in the Company's management team or other key personnel; the Company's inability to realize the anticipated benefits from the Company's cost savings initiatives; changes in relationships with significant customers and suppliers; execution
of the Company's
international expansion strategy; changes in laws and regulations;
legal claims or other regulatory enforcement actions; product recalls or product liability claims; unanticipated business disruptions; failure to successfully integrate the business and operations
of the Company in the expected time frame; the Company's ability to complete or realize the benefits from potential and completed acquisitions, alliances, divestitures or joint ventures; economic and political conditions in the nations in which the Company operates; the volatility
of capital markets; increased pension, labor and people - related expenses; volatility in the market value
of all or a portion
of the derivatives that the Company uses; exchange rate fluctuations; risks associated with information technology and
systems, including service interruptions, misappropriation
of data or breaches
of security; the Company's inability to protect intellectual property rights; impacts
of natural events in the locations in which the Company or its customers, suppliers or regulators operate; the Company's indebtedness and ability to pay such indebtedness; tax law changes or interpretations; and other factors.
These risks and uncertainties include: fluctuations in U.S. and
international economies and currencies, our ability to preserve, grow and leverage our brands, potential negative effects
of material breaches
of our information technology
systems if any were to occur, costs associated with, and the successful execution
of, the company's initiatives and plans, the acceptance
of the company's products by our customers, the impact
of competition, coffee, dairy and other raw material prices and availability, the effect
of legal proceedings, and other risks detailed in the company filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the «Risk Factors» section
of Starbucks Annual Report on Form 10 - K for the fiscal year ended September 28, 2014.
Contributing to the slowdown would be the loss
of the
international arbitration mechanism built into NAFTA, which presently shields US and Canadian investors from Mexico's
legal system amid questions surrounding Mexico's commitment to the rule
of law.
This is a form
of re-colonization that does not need any military intervention; it is done unceremoniously by a mere
legal transfer
of ownership
of the shares
of enterprises, helped by the previously mentioned
international agencies built around the UN
system.
Ms. Benshoof claims that the CRLP's attempts to enforce «customary
international law» are consistent with the American
legal system and that, in any event, UN «created norms respect the abortion policy
of individual states.
Topics: Asian, Associations, Back Office, Bakery Cafe, Burger / Steak / BBQ, Business Strategy and Profitability, Catering, Cheese, Coffee / Specialty Beverages, Communications, CONNECT: The Mobile CX Summit, Consultant / Analyst, Credit / Cashless, CRM, Curbside & Takeout, Customer Service / Experience, Digital Signage, Display Technology, Equipment & Supplies, Ethnic, Events, Fast Casual Executive Summit, Financial News, Financing and capital improvements, Food Allergies / Gluten - free, Food & Beverage, Food Cost Management, Food Safety, Food Trucks, Franchising Focus, Franchising & Growth, Fresh Mex, Furniture and Fixtures, Gaming, Going Green, Health & Nutrition, Hot Products, Human Resources, ICX Summit, Independent Restaurant, Industry Services, In - Store Media, Insurance / Risk Management,
International, Internet
of Things, Italian / Pizza, Kiosk ROI, Kitchen Display,
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Systems / Technology, Top 100, Trade or Association, Trade Show, Trends / Statistics, Video Gallery, Webinars, Window Treatments, Workforce Management
@Andy
international treaties such as UN charter are part
of the
legal system of the member nations (in Russia for instance,
international treaties have precedence over federal laws except the constitution, in the US AFAIK the treaties have the same weight as federal laws).
Reed Brody,
legal counsel for campaign group Human Rights Watch, which is supporting Mr Kyere's campaign along with Trial
International, says Ghana would be an ideal country for the trial because it has a strong justice
system and provisions to prosecute people for the «enforced disappearance»
of Ghanaian citizens anywhere in the world.
«This
system required an
international web
of exchange
of information and has created a corrupted body
of information which was shared systematically with partners in the war on terror through intelligence cooperation, thereby corrupting the institutional culture
of the
legal and institutional
systems of recipient states,» he wrote in an earlier report.
Our task therefore is not to recreate a copy
of the Soviet
system for managing science, but to create a
system for the scientific Russia today, a
system of incentives and support, regulation, and
legal protection for intellectual property, based on
international standards.
European law and the Hungarian
legal system, current issues
of business law and private law, environmental law at the beginning
of the 21st century, rule
of law and the Hungarian
legal order, human rights and
international relations in a globalizing world, general questions
of the theory
of the
legal system.
These forward - looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that include, among others, risks related to competition, management
of growth, new products, services and technologies, potential fluctuations in operating results,
international expansion, outcomes
of legal proceedings and claims, fulfillment center optimization, seasonality, commercial agreements, acquisitions and strategic transactions, foreign exchange rates,
system interruption, significant amount
of indebtedness, inventory, government regulation and taxation, payments and fraud.
These forward - looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that include, among others, risks related to competition, management
of growth, new products, services and technologies, potential fluctuations in operating results,
international expansion, outcomes
of legal proceedings and claims, fulfillment center optimization, seasonality, commercial agreements, acquisitions and strategic transactions, foreign exchange rates,
system interruption, inventory, government regulation and taxation, payments and fraud.
These forward - looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that include, among others, risks related to competition, management
of growth, new products, services and technologies, potential fluctuations in operating results,
international expansion, outcomes
of legal proceedings and claims, fulfillment center optimization, seasonality, commercial agreements, acquisitions and strategic transactions, foreign exchange rates,
system interruption, indebtedness, inventory, government regulation and taxation, payments and fraud.
These forward - looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that include, among others, risks related to competition, management
of growth, new products, services and technologies, potential fluctuations in operating results,
international expansion, outcomes
of legal proceedings and claims, fulfillment and data center optimization, seasonality, commercial agreements, acquisitions and strategic transactions, foreign exchange rates,
system interruption, inventory, government regulation and taxation, payments and fraud.
The
International Fund may invest in emerging markets, which are generally more volatile and can have relatively unstable governments, social and
legal systems that do not protect shareholders, economies based on only a few industries and securities markets that are substantially smaller, less liquid, more volatile and may have a lower level
of government oversight than securities markets in more developed countries.
After the agreement was reached, The New York Times reported:» [T] he individual countries» plans are voluntary, but the
legal requirements that they publicly monitor, verify and report what they are doing, as well as publicly put forth updated plans, are designed to create a «name - and - shame»
system of global peer pressure, in hopes that countries will not want to be seen as
international laggards.»
A strong ethical case can be made that if nations have duties to limit their ghg emissions to their fair share
of safe global emissions, a conclusion that follows both as a matter
of ethics and justice and several
international legal principles including, among others, the «no harm principle,» and promises nations made in the 1992 UNFCCC to adopt policies and measures required to prevent dangerous anthropocentric interference with the climate
system in accordance with equity and common but differentiated responsibilities, nations have a duty to clearly explain how their national ghg emissions reductions commitments arguably satisfy their ethical obligations to limit their ghg emissions to the nation's fair share
of safe global emissions.
It is similarly unlikely that India, China and others would have accepted formal
international scrutiny
of their emissions cutting efforts had that been made part
of a
system for enforcing
legal obligations.
The English
legal system facilitates alternative methods
of dispute resolution, including arbitration, for which London is a leading
international centre.
In my research on general principles
of law in the decisions
of international criminal tribunals, I've found that the domestic
legal systems that are most frequently invoked by the tribunals are, by far, those
of Western Europe (in particular those
of Germany, France, and England and Wales).
Indeed, in her review
of evidence, in the context
of clarifying customary
international law, the
international judge should not restrict her search to, for instance, only
legal systems which share a common ideological basis.
Companies (or the boards or committees
of directors thereof) and financial services firms for which Mark has served as
legal counsel include Affiliated Computer Services, Acxiom, Albertsons, Alon USA Energy, Cisco
Systems, Credit Suisse, Dell, Dow Corning, EXCO Resources, Gillette, Granite Construction, J.C. Penney, Kinko's, Louisiana - Pacific, Macy's, Maybelline, Michael's Stores, Micron Technology, Monsanto, Pillowtex, Piper Jaffray, Quicksilver Resources, Procter & Gamble, RadioShack, Sterling Software, Trammell Crow, The Washington Post, and Washington Group
International.
«The trainees at Stephenson Harwood who enjoy an
international seat develop important additional skills: their cultural awareness increases, and they better understand how the
legal systems of other jurisdictions operate.»
International law includes the basic, classic concepts
of law in national
legal systems and includes substantive law, procedure, process and remedies.
UNCITRAL considers the New York Convention to be one
of the most important United Nations treaties in the area
of international trade law and the cornerstone
of the
international arbitration
system.4 Since its inception, the Convention's regime for recognition and enforcement has become deeply rooted in the
legal systems of its Contracting States and has contributed to the status
of international arbitration as today's normal means
of resolving commercial disputes.
This exhaustive publication serves as a reference guide to the
legal systems of more than 190 nations and helps give citizens and communities everywhere a direct voice in the development and administration
of international law.
American
Legal Publishing worked with the WJA to publish an electronic version
of Law and Judicial
Systems of Nations, the WJA's comprehensive reference work on
international law.
Author, «Colgate - Palmolive v. Procter and Gamble: A comparative view
of advertising and
legal systems,» Michigan
International Lawyer, Volume XXIII, No.
Because numerous jurisdictions and
legal systems can intersect in one
international arbitration proceeding, our team operates in cross-border teams, regardless
of where they are physically located, which allows us to cover
legal disputes all across the world.
In general, my experience is based on the provision
of legal services and management consultancy business for companies in various areas
of the economy, dealing with contracts, in sectors private and public, performing planning and structuring strategies, adding, therefore, knowledge about the Brazilian and
international markets, in a multicultural context, amid a diversity
of legal systems.
In particular, as part
of a more qualitative approach, one needs to have a look whether the current perceived «turbulences» have also by now reached the more fundamental layers
of international law, i.e. meta - rules such as the ones on sources, State responsibility, State immunity, treaty interpretation, or res judicata effect
of international court decisions must be abided by the parties involved, to name but a few, the general acceptance
of which is indispensable for a functioning
international legal system.
Eventually, the book concludes that five last items remain on the EU's human rights agenda even after accession: the proper implementation
of the accession agreement, a re-evaluation
of the ECHR's impact on the EU
legal order, the allocation
of responsibility in the EU's multilevel governance
system, engagement with other
international human rights initiatives, and the protection
of fundamental rights through positive measures (Bruno de Witte).
The Luxembourg Court, in adherence to the great shift in thoughts aimed at protecting «the rule
of law at the national and
international levels», as the United Nations General Assembly urges (see UN GA Resolution A / RES / 67 / 2012), and intended to repress the crime
of serious VAT fraud, with established an effective measure (i.e., the disapplication
of national rules incompatible with Article 325 (1) TFEU, Article 2 (1)
of the 1995 PIF Convention as well as Directive 2006/112 on the EU's common
system of VAT, read in conjunction with Article 4 (3) TEU) which, alongside the guilty, condemns States defaulting and disrespecting EU law and the founding principles
of the world
legal order.
Sarah M Brooks, the Asia programme manager at the
International Service for Human Rights (ISHR) who delivered the statement to the Human Rights Council, said that Ms Zhang's frustrations with the opaque Chinese legal system are common and that increasingly seeking the influence of the international community is a last resort for victims and their families looking for just
International Service for Human Rights (ISHR) who delivered the statement to the Human Rights Council, said that Ms Zhang's frustrations with the opaque Chinese
legal system are common and that increasingly seeking the influence
of the
international community is a last resort for victims and their families looking for just
international community is a last resort for victims and their families looking for justice in China.
Within the past decade, banking and insurance companies have hired historical
legal experts and spent a lot
of time litigation over the US Federal Court
system's power to issue equitable remedies such as the Mareva injunction and equitable liens to seize assets in federal litigation; the Alien Torts Act which has been used by
international human rights organizations had its breadth restricted by use
of 18th century views
of the «law
of nations» requiring recourse to historic writers like Hugo Grotius, and even administrative law has come under assault by dissents
of Justice Thomas arguing that the «Chevron» doctrine
of deference to agency interpretations
of their own statutes should be set aside as being incompatible with the understanding
of the American separation
of powers doctrine as it was understood at the time
of the country's founding.
Beyond the general rule
of international law cited above, I do not know how this would be handled in the Russian
legal system, but I can speak to what the U.S.
legal system would do.
Incorporation
of foreign and
international rules and principles will require skills of synthesis and distinguishing that are distinct from traditional domestic legal reasoning, and they may require appreciation of important differences in foreign / international legal, political, or perhaps even cultural context.63 International legal rules often play a complex role in domestic law, presenting issues of interpretation and enforceability that do not easily fit within traditional domestic United States legislative, administrative, and judicial legal structures.64 Integration or application of rules from foreign nations may be even more complex, especially where those systems are substantially different from our own.65 Additionally, there may be discrepancies between the form and function of foreign or international law that affect their proper
international rules and principles will require skills
of synthesis and distinguishing that are distinct from traditional domestic
legal reasoning, and they may require appreciation
of important differences in foreign /
international legal, political, or perhaps even cultural context.63 International legal rules often play a complex role in domestic law, presenting issues of interpretation and enforceability that do not easily fit within traditional domestic United States legislative, administrative, and judicial legal structures.64 Integration or application of rules from foreign nations may be even more complex, especially where those systems are substantially different from our own.65 Additionally, there may be discrepancies between the form and function of foreign or international law that affect their proper
international legal, political, or perhaps even cultural context.63
International legal rules often play a complex role in domestic law, presenting issues of interpretation and enforceability that do not easily fit within traditional domestic United States legislative, administrative, and judicial legal structures.64 Integration or application of rules from foreign nations may be even more complex, especially where those systems are substantially different from our own.65 Additionally, there may be discrepancies between the form and function of foreign or international law that affect their proper
International legal rules often play a complex role in domestic law, presenting issues
of interpretation and enforceability that do not easily fit within traditional domestic United States legislative, administrative, and judicial
legal structures.64 Integration or application
of rules from foreign nations may be even more complex, especially where those
systems are substantially different from our own.65 Additionally, there may be discrepancies between the form and function
of foreign or
international law that affect their proper
international law that affect their proper application.
I nevertheless think it preferable for judges to say that they are trying, with reference to municipal
legal systems, to solve
legal problems in a way that will make a positive contribution to
international law more generally, rather than to claim that general principles derive their validity from state consent or from the objective nature
of law.
JO: With respect to the aforementioned trends, lawyers should stay current on relevant technology (easier said than done, I'm still figuring out hashtags), become conversant in
international legal trends, and above all else, to incorporate
system thinking and a cross-disciplinary approach to the provision
of legal services.
They also need to understand the process by which competing national
legal systems can produce
legal synthesis through the development
of international law that transcends (and potentially overrides) domestic
legal arrangements.
There is also a risk
of overburdening
legal writing professors who will have to develop at least basic expertise in the
international and foreign
legal systems and methods
of research involved in such additional components.
On the contrary, there is a trend towards internationalizing the rules
of private
international law: the arbitrator obtains the governing law directly from an autonomous transnational
legal system that has its own substantive and procedural rules in private
international law.
Empirically, it is based on the rapid increase in transnational2 interaction (both business and personal) and the resulting development
of increasingly complex and increasingly frequent
legal problems that raise transnational legal issues as well.3 Normatively, it rests on the view that legal education has an affirmative obligation to expose students to other nations, cultures, and legal systems.4 Legal educators now widely agree that American law schools need to do more to bring international and foreign law prominently into the law school curric
legal problems that raise transnational
legal issues as well.3 Normatively, it rests on the view that legal education has an affirmative obligation to expose students to other nations, cultures, and legal systems.4 Legal educators now widely agree that American law schools need to do more to bring international and foreign law prominently into the law school curric
legal issues as well.3 Normatively, it rests on the view that
legal education has an affirmative obligation to expose students to other nations, cultures, and legal systems.4 Legal educators now widely agree that American law schools need to do more to bring international and foreign law prominently into the law school curric
legal education has an affirmative obligation to expose students to other nations, cultures, and
legal systems.4 Legal educators now widely agree that American law schools need to do more to bring international and foreign law prominently into the law school curric
legal systems.4
Legal educators now widely agree that American law schools need to do more to bring international and foreign law prominently into the law school curric
Legal educators now widely agree that American law schools need to do more to bring
international and foreign law prominently into the law school curriculum.
It is not immediately clear to me what purpose is served by Aldo's comparison between comparative law and customary
international law, unless,
of course, comparative law is seen mainly as a technique to identify
legal rules that are ripe for transplantation to another
legal system.