Not exact matches
To peer inside the
kerogen, they used small - angle neutron scattering, shooting a beam
of subatomic neutrons through a substance and collecting information on the neutrons» behavior to determine the properties
of the pores.
However, all
of the carbonate, carbon in
kerogen and coal and sulphates and oxidised Fe are transformed with silica into reduced silicate forms and oxidised gases CO2 and SO2, the free energy changes result in degraded heat.
If you add up the mass
of carbon as carbonate (eglimestone) and carbon (
kerogen / coal / oil / gas) in the crust it comes to ca. 98 * 10 ^ 21g.
The issue with fossil fuel depletion occurring at the same time as CO2 is accelerating is that these low grades
of coal,
kerogen, and bitumen will only magnify the CO2 emissions.
That is
of course happening with tar sands whereby natural gas is used to process the
kerogen.
To satisfy the increase in world liquids demand in the Reference case, liquids production increases by 28.3 million barrels per day from 2010 to 2040, including the production
of both petroleum (crude oil and lease condensate, natural gas plant [NGPL], bitumen, extra-heavy oil, and refinery gains), and other liquid fuels (coal - to - liquids [CTL], gas - to - liquids [GTL], biofuels, and
kerogen).
Organic haze in Earth's early atmosphere: Source
of low - 13C Late Archean
kerogens?
Therefore, it could provide a novel explanation for the presence
of extremely low - 13C
kerogens in Late Archean sediments.
The Medieval Warm Period in AD 980-1250 is the most distinctive climate period in the whole sediment sequence identified by changes in sediment colour, X-ray density, varve thickness, LOI, as well as the isotopic composition
of hydrogen in
kerogen.
Pseudo-petroleum sources like
kerogen are an ERoI fallacy, hyped into «trillions
of barrels» by wild speculators.
Shell R and D has several project in northwestern Colorado the use in - situ resistive heating to crack
kerogen in oil shale to a crude oil that can be pumped out
of the formation.
Consider that we may use the equivalent
of 1/2 a barrel
of natural gas to process 1 barrel
of oil from shale
kerogen or to crack oil from tarry goo.