In higher - performing districts, central office leaders not only believed in their capacity to develop principals; they set expectations for implementation of specific
sets of leadership practices.
This
category of leadership practices has emerged from recent evidence about the nature of learning organizations and professional learning communities and their contribution to staff work and student learning.
One plausible explanation is that our
measure of leadership practices did not adequately capture the consequences of different levels of efficacy (or confidence) for what leaders do and how they are perceived.
Effective preparation program recruitment relies on authentic
assessments of leadership practice, district - level pipeline initiatives to develop teacher leaders, and other efforts to identify, select and support future teacher leaders.
PSEL 2015 and Promoting Principal Leadership for the Success of Students with Disabilities highlights the aspects
of leadership practice in the PSEL 2015 standards along with key competencies that are particularly important for supporting the success of students with disabilities.
Graduates of the four pre-service preparation programs we selected - Bank Street's Principals» Institute, Delta State University (DSU), the University of Connecticut's Aspiring Principal Program (UCAPP), and the Educational Leadership Development Academy (ELDA) at the University of San Diego - felt significantly better prepared for nearly every
aspect of leadership practice, the one exception being operational areas such as management of school facilities.
«It just happens naturally because that iconic leader is very strong in all areas — with customers, innovation and establishing the culture,» says Vince Molinaro, managing
director of the leadership practice at Knightsbridge Human Capital Solutions.
That is the subject of Harvey Alvy and Pamela Robbins» thoughtful book, Learning from Lincoln, a
study of leadership practices that educators can glean from the life of our 16th president.
Much less attention has been given to the relationship between contexts and the practice of education leaders.140 From the perspective of research design, contexts can be conceptualized as
antecedents of leadership practices; they also can be conceptualized as mediators and moderators of leadership effects on organizational outcomes.
We developed a findings template that drew upon Spillane «s
conceptualization of leadership practice.109 The template enabled us to construct descriptions of (1) sources of leadership linked to (2) specific actions and (3) goals in (4) specific contexts, along with (5) the co-participants in those situations, (6) the reported effects of those actions, and (7) the reported factors influencing those leadership variables.
This required focusing on specific
areas of leadership practice separately (e.g., methods of clinical supervision, school - improvement planning, classroom walk - throughs, uses of student performance data), or within comprehensive guidelines or frameworks for leadership practice.240 In one of the higher - performing urban districts in our sample, district officials organized a three - year principaldevelopment program based on Marzano «s balanced leadership program.
As Gillian Hamilton said [in an earlier Esteem interview] there is not really a special thing that is «women's leadership,» just a
breadth of leadership practices and the fact that women leaders have important stories to tell.
Through a careful balance of coursework, a year - long clinical residency, and extended on - site coaching across three full
years of leadership practice, the Ed.D Program in Urban Education Leadership targets the skills and dispositions that leaders need most to transform the cultures of underperforming urban schools.
These categories
of leadership practices closely reflect a transformational approach to leadership which Bass (1997) claims has proven to be useful in many different cultural and organizational contexts.
For example, based on evidence from a successful Illinois district, Leithwood and Prestine (2002) identified three sets
of leadership practices which seem to be successful responses to this challenge.
Yet the term is often more a slogan than a well - defined set
of leadership practices.