Sentences with phrase «of luminal»

The presence of luminal nutrition is thought to help maintain the integrity of the gastrointestinal mucosa and promote healthier motility, leading to less vomiting.

According to Rapin and Wiernsperger (2010), «Tight junctions play a major role in regulating the paracellular passage of luminal elements» (p. 635).

Summarized by Suzuki (2013), «Disruption of the intestinal tight junction barrier, followed by permeation of luminal noxious molecules, induces a perturbation of the mucosal immune system and inflammation, and can act as a trigger for the development of intestinal and systemic diseases» (p. 631).

GALT interacts strictly with gastrointestinal functions in a dynamic manner; for instance, by increasing intestinal permeability in replay to particular stimulations, or orientating the immune response towards luminal content, allowing either tolerance or elimination / degradation of luminal antigens, or sometimes provoking damage to the intestinal mucosa, such as in coeliac disease or food allergy.

Consistent with this observation of MELK overexpression in BBC, we found that MELK expression in breast tumors has a significant inverse correlation with the expression of luminal markers, including estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER, PR)(Figure 2F, Figure 2 — figure supplement 1F).

Intriguingly, previous research found that RASAL2 was lost in some of the luminal type of breast tumours, where it acts as a tumour suppressor.

The control group had a normal ratio of luminal to basal cells.

«It was really surprizing to realize that oncogenic Pik3ca in basal cells induced the formation of luminal tumours, while its expression in luminal cells gave rise to heterogeneous and more aggressive tumors including basal - like tumors,» comments Alexandra Van Keymeulen, the first author of the paper.

Not exact matches

In this study published in Cell Reports, Alexandra Van Keymeulen and colleagues generated a new transgenic line - allowing lineage tracing of ER + luminal cells to investigate luminal cell heterogeneity and identify the origin of ER + luminal cells and the mechanisms regulating their pubertal expansion and adult maintenance.

The team also looked at the levels of the TAZ gene in tumors from women with either luminal or basal tumors.

The research team found that the experimental group had an imbalance of cell populations in breast tissue: too many luminal and too few basal.

Previous work led by Charlotte Kuperwasser, principal investigator, determined that some common forms of breast cancer originate from luminal cells while some rarer forms of breast cancer originate from basal cells.

In breast tissue, there are two main types of cells: luminal cells and basal cells.

The results suggest a clinical study should be conducted of a STAT3 - inhibiting drug in patients with basal - like and luminal cancers, Horvath said.

Fluid flow on either side of the tissue mimicked the luminal and serosal surfaces of the gut within the body.

The team therefore analyzed the case history of 890 breast cancer patients and found that low Numb - 1 and -2 levels correlated with an increased risk of aggressive, metastatic disease, particularly for the luminal subtype of breast cancers, which tend to retain a normal, functional copy of the p53 gene.

«We note that there are two subgroups of breast tumors by epigenome: one which we have called Epi - Basal, characterized by loss of epigenetic marks causing breakage of chromosomes and the other that we have called Epi - Luminal B, that presents epigenetic inactivation of genes that should protect us from cancer and these altered cells can no longer do it.»

Their studies revealed that a subset of normal breast precursor cells, called luminal progenitors, have dangerously short telomeres and display a correspondingly high level DNA damage response localized at their chromosome ends.

Recent studies have implicated luminal progenitor cells in the development of breast cancers with a mutated BRCA1 gene.

The researcher highlights that «the subtype Epi - Luminal B behaves particularly aggressive form, and is associated with reduced survival of patients.

This interaction causes the myoepithelial cells — on the outer layer of the ductal structure — to contract, squeezing the luminal cells within.

Humans have an ortholog of the murine Nrk gene, and considering that the gene expression pattern in breast tumor in Nrk mutant mice was similar to that in human luminal B breast cancer, the findings of this study may lead to further understanding of the mechanisms of human breast cancer suppression and to advances in its diagnosis and therapy.

Both of these subtypes are estrogen receptor (ER) positive, with luminal A carrying the most favorable prognosis.

The Cancer Genome Atlas study encompasses more than 500 primary tumors representing the four intrinsic subtypes of breast cancer: Luminal A, Luminal B, Her2 - enriched, and Basal - like.

The observed mutation rate in coding regions seems to reflect the aggressiveness of breast cancer subtypes: lower in luminal A (0.84 mutations / Mbp) than luminal B (1.36 mutations / Mbp), higher in Her2 - enriched (2.05 mutations / Mbp) and Basal - like (1.68).

These 2D cultures also abolish the need for intraluminal microinjection of single organoids and facilitate studies of host - microbe or virus interactions or the action of microbial enterotoxins because the luminal surface is fully exposed to the mucosal medium (22,23).

Additional insight into the biology of ER - positive breast cancers, particularly the higher risk luminal B cancers, could aid in identifying potential targets and new, effective therapies.

Animal microbiome Spatial Heterogeneity and Co-occurrence of Mucosal and Luminal Microbiome across Swine Intestinal Tract.

This model should be a powerful tool for testing therapies for aggressive ER + breast cancers and for studying luminal cancers — the most prevalent and deadliest forms of breast cancer.

Title: Developmental stage - specific contribution of LGR5 + cells to basal and luminal epithelial lineages in the postnatal mammary gland Authors: de Visser KE, Ciampricotti M, Michalak EM, Wei - Min Tan D, Speksnijder EN, Hau C - S, Clevers H, Barker N, Jonkers J Date: 2012 Publication Details: The Journal of Pathology 2011 May; 224 (1): 56 - 66

, van Boxtel, R., Wongvipat, J., Dowling, C.M., Gao, D., Begthel, H., Sachs, N., Vries, R.G., Cuppen, E., Chen, Y., Sawyers, C.L., Clevers, H.C. Identification of multipotent luminal progenitor cells in human prostate organoid cultures.

Furthermore, our data support the existence of a common luminal progenitor cell giving rise to intermediate, restricted alveolar and hormone - sensing progenitors.

The percent area covered by blood platelets over the luminal surface of untreated or treated ePTFE tubings was calculated by calculating the percent area covered by CD41 (platelets marker) using binary image processing on Zeiss LSM Image Examiner software.

We argue instead that the epithelial cells - especially in the luminal compartment - should rather be conceptualised as being part of a continuous spectrum of differentiation.

Primary kidney epithelial cells isolated from human proximal tubule are cultured on the upper surface of an extracellular matrix - coated, porous, polyester membrane that splits the main channel of the device into two adjacent channels, thereby creating an apical «luminal» channel and a basal «interstitial» space.

(C and D) Effects of MELK knockdown on established tumors arising from implantation of basal (C) or luminal (D) breast cancer cells.

As our aim was to indicate general tissue specific carcinogenic properties, we used all the known subtypes of these cancers, including (1) hyper mutated and non-hypermutated colon cancers; (2) lung adenocarcinomas, large cell carcinomas, and squamous cell carcinomas (3) HER2 positive, basal, luminal A and luminal B breast cancers; and (4) hepatitis B or hepatitis C, cirrhosis or other agent causing hepatocellular carcinoma data.

Loss of RUNX1, a key regulator of estrogen receptor - positive luminal breast cells, impairs mammary epithelial differentiation and contributes to luminal breast cancer via genetic interactions with a loss of p53 or RB1.

Remarkably, down - regulation of MELK led to a substantial regression of tumors arising from BBC cells but had little effect on tumors derived from luminal cancer cells (Figure 7C, D, Figure 7 — figure supplement 1).

It could be that the degree of knockdown of MELK in the luminal cell lines did not go below a necessary threshold to cause a proliferation effect.

Reviewer # 1 also had concerns that the degree of knockdown of MELK by shMELK in the basal cell lines appears stronger than in the luminal cell lines, equivalent knockdown needs to be demonstrated by both quantitative protein and mRNA analysis.

Research has revealed that omega - 3 fatty acids are more effective in stopping or slowing the growth in the number of triple - negative breast cancer cells in comparison to cells from luminal categories of breast cancer.

The adjuvant action of cholera toxin is associated with an increased intestinal permeability for luminal antigens

Between Celiac Disease and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: The «No Man's Land» of Gluten Sensitivity https://www.nature.com/articles/ajg2009188 «We discuss the hypothesis that GS and post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) provide two triggers that can explain at least part of the spectrum that constitutes IBS, further advancing an understanding of the role of mucosal responses to luminal factors in FBDs.»

In addition, curcumin significantly improves barrier function, reducing translocation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the outer cell wall of gram - negative bacteria, from the luminal surface of the intestine into circulation (Ghosh et al., 2014).

Thus the «forgotten organ» of the gastrointestinal microbiota is a prime candidate to be influenced by evolutionarily unprecedented postprandial luminal carbohydrate concentrations.

The use of soluble (fermentable) fiber in preference to insoluble (non-fermentable) fiber is sometimes advocated because most soluble fibers generate butyrate, the principle source of energy for the colonocyte, and other short - chain fatty acids.23 Short - chain fatty acids may lower the colonic luminal pH, impeding the growth of pathogens.23 The use of dietary fiber can have deleterious consequences.

P - glycoprotein is present on the luminal border of these intestinal epithelial cells where it transports drugs from the cytoplasm back into the intestinal lumen where they can be eliminated.

Proposed causes for human IBD include defective immunoregulation of the gut - associated lymphoid tissue that may be precipitated by permeability defects, 14 infectious and parasitic agents, 15,16 and dietary allergies.13, 17 There is provocative evidence from clinical observations and animal models to incriminate normal luminal bacteria or bacterial products in the initiation and perpetuation of canine IBD.18, 19 The clinical response to hypoallergenic or elimination diets suggest that dietary factors may influence the pathogenesis of canine IBD.8 - 11 The term «hypoallergenic» refers to a diet that is generally free of additives and preservatives, and contains a hydrolyzed protein source.

The efficiency of the large intestine for dehydrating the luminal contents is dependent on close coordination between colonic motility and absorptive functions (Rolfe 1999; Rolfe et al. 2002a).