Sentences with phrase «of macrophage responses»

This study leads to a better understanding of macrophage responses to infection, provides insight into disease development, and suggests targets for therapeutic intervention.

Not exact matches

The initial immune response involves cells of the body's innate immune system, such as macrophages and neutrophils.

Onion A increases anti-tumor immune response by inhibiting the immune suppression actions of macrophage and myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC).

If circulating levels of D are low, macrophages can't activate the vitamin D to initiate this response.

His group focused on another type of immune cell known as primary macrophages and their response to live bacterial pathogens.

After initiating photoreceptor loss in the fish retinas, the researchers monitored the immune system's response by tracking the activity of three types of fluorescently labeled immune cells in and around the eye: neutrophils, microglia and peripheral macrophages.

Because all the itchy mice had a defective version of the E3 ligase, Copeland suspects that their ubiquitin systems fail to tag immune - related defense proteins or foreign substances called antigens for disposal — both of which then might pile up and attract too many helper macrophages to the scene, wreaking havoc with the immune response.

«These results represent a significant advance in our understanding of how commensal microbes can regulate host intestinal immune responses and suggest that the identification of downstream targets in macrophages and dendritic cells along the GM - CSF axis can help the rationale design of novel strategies for the treatment of IBD patients with defective GM - CSF function,» explained Dr. Merad.

In response to fatty deposits on the walls of the arteries, a type of phagocyte called a macrophage identifies the growing lesions as trouble spots and infiltrates them, swelling and destabilizing the deposits.

Macrophages, as part of the inflammatory response, produce reactive oxygen species in order to attack bacteria.

Resolvin also hastened the change of macrophages in the heart tissue from classic macrophages to reparative macrophages, which indicated an expedited healing response.

«First, the effect of cortisone is mediated by macrophages which usually serve as scavenger cells in an immune response.

Even though STAT3 activity drives the expansion of MDSCs and is involved in immune responses mediated by the cells, they found that high levels of STAT3 activity actually prevent the differentiation of MDSCs to macrophages.

DHCA reduces interleukin 6 (IL - 6), a pro-inflammatory substance secreted by T cells and macrophages to stimulate immune response, by epigenetically modulating the non-coding sequence of the IL - 6 gene.

We notably follow the time course of structural changes in response to cues that affect gene expression either transiently or permanently: changes in genome structure during transient hormonal response of differentiated cells and stable trans - differentiation of B cells to macrophages.

Some of these signals are in the form of lipids, which contribute to fine - tuning the immune responses of cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells.

Future studies could focus on boosting the response of liver and spleen macrophages in people with ongoing viral infections, Norbury said.

Incorporation of a dietary omega 3 fatty acid impairs murine macrophage responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

We will combine methods from the fields of immunology, developmental biology and angiogenesis to understand in vivo the development and lineage - specific function (s) of resident macrophages, thereby opening new venues of research into the interaction between macrophages and endothelial cells in response to tissue damage.

Topics covered will include how the immune system and commensal microbes interact in the context of health and disease; how dendritic cells respond to infectious or inflammatory stimuli and the roles they play in the induction and polarization of adaptive immune responses against pathogens; how the innate immune pathways regulate inflammation at mucosal barrier tissue sites and how the macrophages are involved in intestinal inflammation.

Brandon Hall et al (2017) p16 (Ink4a) and senescence - associated β - galactosidase can be induced in macrophages as part of a reversible response to physiological stimuli (http://www.aging-us.com/article/101268/text) or (https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.101268)

The CD4 subset is capable of directing B cell responses and humoral immunity, and can modulate the actions of many other cell types including CD8 T cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, eosinophils, and basophils.

Chronic kidney disease alters lipid trafficking and inflammatory responses in macrophages: effects of liver X receptor agonism.

They studied macrophages, a type of white blood cell, since these cells play a central role in acute inflammatory responses.

Therefore the group studies with sophisticated imaging technology in vitro and ex vivo: i) the molecular mechanism driving the migration of HIV through the intestinal epithelial barrier; ii) the cellular targets in the mucosa, in specific macrophages and DCs, to identify the possible pathways to invade the tissue and disseminate to other organs; iii) the involvement of DCs and their functional properties in mediating adaptive immune responses at mucosal level; and iv) the role of antibodies with different effector functions in changing the pathways of the virus.

Abbreviations: ASC, apoptosis - associated speck - like protein containing a caspase - recruitment domain; ATM, adipose - tissue - resident macrophage; BAT, brown adipose tissue; CCR2, CC chemokine receptor 2; CHOP, C / EBP (CCAAT / enhancer - binding protein)- homologous protein; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; GPCR, G - protein - coupled receptor; HIF, hypoxia - inducible factor; IFNγ, interferon γ; IKK, inhibitor of nuclear factor κB kinase; IL, interleukin; IRS - 1, insulin receptor substrate - 1; JNK, c - Jun N - terminal kinase; LDL, low - density lipoprotein; Ldlr, LDL receptor; LXR, liver X receptor; MCP - 1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; miRNA, microRNA; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NF - κB, nuclear factor κB; NLRP3, NLR (nucleotide - binding - domain - and leucine - rich - repeat - containing) family, pyrin - domain - containing 3; oxLDL, oxidized LDL; PKR, double - stranded RNA - dependent protein kinase; PPAR, peroxisome - proliferator - activated receptor; STAT6, signal transducer and activator of transcription 6; SVF, stromal vascular fraction; TLR, Toll - like receptor; TNFα, tumour necrosis factor α; UPR, unfolded protein response; WAT, white adipose tissue

Certain metabolites, such as fatty acids, ceramides and cholesterol crystals, elicit inflammatory responses through pathogen - sensing signalling pathways, implicating a maladaptation of macrophages and the innate immune system to elevated metabolic stress associated with overnutrition in modern societies.

There are, however, limited in vitro models to study the role of host genetics in the response of macrophages to this obligate human pathogen.

Recognized as the first global proteomic analyses of time course responses of mouse macrophages to S. enterica serotype Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) infection, the study may lead to new strategies for diagnosing, treating, and vaccinating against infectious disease.

Macrophages are among the first layer of defense when pathogens invade the body, and their rapid response helps to prime our immune system for a secondary, durable immune response that is specifically targeted to the offending pathogens or cancer cells.

To confirm that macrophages throw an entirely different molecular switch to turn on Nr4a1, the group exposed mice missing the monocyte E2 switch to a noxious toxin found in bacterial membranes, as a way of seeing whether macrophages can still mount normal inflammatory responses.

This immune activity takes the form of a TH1 dominant cellular response in which macrophages produce ILI, IL6, and TNFalpha, all of which have been shown to be elevated in the setting of depression.

Gliadin stimulation of murine macrophage inflammatory gene expression and intestinal permeability are MyD88 - dependent: role of the innate immune response in Celiac disease.

This damage triggers a natural response where another set of cells, called macrophages, come and try to ingest them.

Similar to a pathogenic response to an invading bacterium, excess nutrients found in the obese adipose microenvironment can lead to the pro-inflammatory activation and phenotypic switch (from M2 resident to M1 inflammatory macrophage) of macrophage [24].

Thomas KE, Sapone A, Fasano A, Vogel SN.Gliadin stimulation of murine macrophage inflammatory gene expression and intestinal permeability are MyD88 - dependent: role of the innate immune response in Celiac disease.J Immunol.

Recent studies on cartilage, which is found abundantly in homemade broth, show it supports the immune system in a variety of ways; it's a potent normalizer, true biological response modifier, activator of macrophages, activator of Natural Killer (NK) cells, rouser of B lymphocytes, and releaser of Colony Stimulating Factor.