Therefore, it becomes very important to analyse the impact
of madrasa education on the society and polity.
One of the major outcomes
of madrasa education in Pakistan has been the spillover effect in the neighbouring countries.
However, most of contemporary political scholars are not aware of the fact that in the initial days of Islam, the aim
of madrasa was preservation and spread of knowledge - a role that has somehow lost its efficacy over a long period of time.
One can very well state that there has been a deviation in the nature and character
of madrasa over a considerable period of time.
Therefore, fundamental objective or purpose of the study is to understand the changing pattern
of madrasa and the role of government in Pakistan to «modernise» it.
The examination of the status
of madrasa in Islamic history testimonies to its success due to strong sense of respect among the Muslims for «Knowledge» - Ilm as dictated by the Prophet.
Not much effort has been generated to understand the true nature
of madrasa, and the reasons for its continued existence.
But, strangely enough, the basic reason behind the emergence
of madrasa - to seek knowledge as enshrined in the principals of Islam are not known.
The examination of the status
of madrasa in Islamic history testimonies to its success due to strong sense of respect among the Muslims for «Knowledge» -
The sudden and tragic incident of 9/11 along with involvement of al - Qaeda and Taliban changed the status
of madrasa for ever.
However, the issue
of madrasa reforms has become more complex after the promulgation of 18th Amendment, under which the subject of Islamic education has been transferred to the provinces (Zaidi, 2013).
' thus, the concept
of madrasa in its present meaning is not necessarily an Islamic concept rather it may be borrowed from Jewish, the most ancient Semitic religion (Alam, 2001).
For one, it ignores Christian retaliation just days later, including the bombing
of a madrasa that injured seven.
The aim of our art is different than the pedagogy
of the madrasas, the schools created by the Taliban.
The old type
of madrasas and Sufi tekkes still flourish there, but new types of schools are being opened and Afghanistan is moving toward a new era of progress.
With one exception, the charters
of these madrasas specifically excluded the «foreign sciences» of Aristotle.
The main activities
of madrasas have over the years shifted from the Afghanistan border areas to southern and rural Punjab.
The position
of madrasas from simple schools for education changed into breeding grounds of Islamist fundamentalist.
In its first Annual report October 2002, the PMEB noted: «Misunderstandings about the objectives of the Board have resulted in non-cooperation of the heads
of madrasas (Government of Pakistan 2002).
Therefore, the construction
of madrasas generally receive more funds and donation in comparison to schools.
Not exact matches
Where did you get this from,
madrasa text book about infidels, or was it revealed by some conspiracy theory proposed by Zaid Hamid, Hamid Mir or Hamid Gul??? The Friday sermon is full
of such theories, believe them and prosper.
In addition, there have been in most countries the
madrasas associated with the mosques, and special schools
of higher learning.
The Christian equivalent
of an Islamist
madrasa is being set up in a normal decent English school, teaching children hateful and extremist ideology.
Obama till the age
of 13 went to a
Madrasa, which is a Muslim school.
«In terms
of English being spoken in
madrasas, we don't prescribe that but one thing we do absolutely acknowledge is that English language skills are absolutely fundamental to taking advantage
of all the opportunities
of living in modern Britain - getting a job, mixing with people and playing a full part in community life.
Almost seven hundred thousand
of the one million people in Albania are Muslims who now live under a strict Communist regime which has closed all
madrasas and tekkes and forbidden the expression
of their religion.
From the reign
of Ivan the Terrible until the accession
of Catherine the Great, Muslims were subjected to a program
of Russification and suppression
of their mosques and
madrasas.
The larger towns had their own Muftis and councils which administered the funds for religious teaching in their
madrasas and schools, many
of which employed Turkish teachers.
They began to modify the old scholastic system in the
madrasas and sought to bring the some twenty - six different dialects
of Turkish closer to the language as it is spoken in Istanbul, where it is used in its most refined and articulate form.
The single exception was the observatory -
madrasa of Maragha, where al - Tusi refined Ptolemaic computations.
Outside the
madrasas there were independent teachers and a free cultivation
of studies was allowed, but their influence was limited.
In recent years there has been a considerable increase in the number
of religious schools, religious instruction has been introduced in public elementary schools, and modern
madrasas have been founded.
Destroyed structures include historic mosques and
madrasas (Koranic schools), the Great Mosque
of Aleppo, the Suq al - Madina, the Grand Serail
of Aleppo, the Hammam Yalbougha an - Nasry, the Khusruwiye Mosque, the Carlton Citadel Hotel, and the Khan Qurt Bey caravanserai, as well as other historic buildings south and north
of the citadel.
Madrasa System
of Education in India, Continuity and Change: A Case study based on colonial Impact.
Religion being the key aspect
of Pakistan's cultural heritage and identity, the educational system (
of which
madrasa is a constituent unit) carry the responsibility to expand and strengthen the heritage (Kumar, 2007).
The PMEB's mandate was to establish model
madrasas and to regulate and approve conditions
of existing seminaries on the recommendations
of its Academic Council.
But, unfortunately, over a period
of time,
madrasa did evolve as only a place
of religious learning.
The establishment
of religious theocracy in Iran caused proliferation
of Shia
madrasas in Pakistan.
The
madrasas can be considered as the carrier
of knowledge.
A
Madrasa Reform Project (MRP) has been launched and an amount
of Rs. 225 million has been allocated in the Public Sector Development Programme (PSPD) 2002 - 2003 for this purpose.i With the aim
of establishing and strengthening lines
of communication between
madrasas and the state, it was to educate 1.5 million students, both male and female, and will enable them to continue their studies in colleges and universities (Sareen, 2005).
(PMEB) to establish a network
of «model
madrasas» and regulate others, promulgated under the Pakistan
Madrasa Education Board Ordinance, 2001 (Kronstadt, 2004).
Interestingly,
madrasa since time
of its emergence has been intrinsically related with state activities, policies and patronage.
i «On June 19, 2003 the federal government signed a Memorandum
of Understanding with the provinces
of Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), Federally Administered Northern Areas (FANA) and the Pakistan Occupied Kashmir (PoK) to reform 8,000
madrasas in next five years.
Generally, it is believed that the word «
madrasa» has been derived from an Arabic infinitive «Dars» meaning «to study» and
madrasa being an adverb
of place, carries the meaning
of, place
of studies or the place
of learning; however there were places in the pre-Islamic Arabic known to the Jews called «Midrash».
There is no denying the fact that,
madrasa recieved un-due curiosity and imagination
of international audience.
In a country like Pakistan, the element
of Islam has a direct impact in shaping the
madrasa structure.
The Soviet invasion caused proliferation
of Deobandi
madrasas in the border areas.
There is no denying the fact that
madrasa education produce religious, sectarian, sub-sectarian and anti-west bias, but it can not be justified that such bias are translated into militancy and other forms
of violence, as considered by the international community.
In the formative period
of Islam,
madrasas acted as supporters
of the Islamdom and played decisive role in aiding the administrative machinery.
The war in Afghanistan required huge number
of religiously motivated soldiers - religiously educated and trained by Pakistan's Inter Service Intelligence (ISI) with guidance from many
madrasas of the region.