There were several questions covering a range of concerns including the viability of an international treaty, status of research and development by the US, concept
of meaningful human control, and views of the scientific community on the need for regulation.
Under a section elaborating on «control» (page 5), the authors note that «for certain types of safety - critical AI systems — especially vehicles and weapons platforms — it may be desirable to retain some form
of meaningful human control, whether this means a human in the loop, on the loop, or some other protocol.»
The campaign calls for any future deliberations at the CCW on killer robots to not repeat the 2014 meeting, which requires «going deeper in exploring substantive aspects, such as the notion
of meaningful human control.»
Not exact matches
«We therefore publicly declare that we will boycott all collaborations with any part
of KAIST until such time as the President
of KAIST provides assurances, which we have sought but not received, that the Center will not develop autonomous weapons lacking
meaningful human control.»
The IMI could also
control and organize access to metadata (the associated host disease phenotype data, for a
human gut microbiota sample, for instance) without which
meaningful interpretation
of the data is not possible.
We therefore publicly declare that we will boycott all collaborations with any part
of KAIST until such time as the President
of KAIST provides assurances, which we have sought but not received, that the Center will not develop autonomous weapons lacking
meaningful human control.
The concept
of «
meaningful human control» is something that my delegation is supportive
of.
Weapons reviews must be grounded in new and robust international law that clearly and deliberately puts
meaningful human control at the centre
of all weapons development.
The campaign aims to engage at the regional level to build awareness and support for a collective response and it continues to explore other avenues that could lead states to adopt a new international instrument to retain
meaningful human control over the critical functions
of weapons systems.
The CCW should articulate first and foremost a legal commitment to ensuring
meaningful human control and a constraint on the development
of autonomy in the critical functions
of weapons systems.
It will work to foster greater international and regional cooperation to convince governments concerned about retaining
meaningful human control of future weapons systems to agree to an international ban.
In July 2015, thousands
of AI researchers from around the world signed an open letter to the UN calling for a ban on offensive autonomous weapons beyond
meaningful human control.
In view
of the rapid pace
of developments in military robotics, it is now urgent for States to consider what constitutes
meaningful, or appropriate or effective,
human control over the use
of force.
The U.S. Department
of Defense's Directive on Autonomous Weapons permits under - secretaries
of defense, in certain cases, to bend its rule that weapons remain under
meaningful human control.
For example we have to further deepen our understanding
of what we exactly mean by «
meaningful human control» when we talk about these weapon systems.
Meaningful Human Control could be a very relevant subject
of our CCW - meeting on topic in 2015.
There is a need to ensure appropriate or
meaningful human control or judgement over the use
of force, including the use
of lethal force against
human targets.
The campaign urges states to participate in the CCW Group
of Governmental Experts meeting, which opens at the United Nations (UN) on Monday, 9 April, and to commit to retain
meaningful human control of weapons systems and over individual attacks.
From this rich dialogue some nascent concepts or principles are finding broad agreement, most notably the notion that
meaningful human control must be retained over the operation
of weapons systems.
Members
of the Artificial Intelligence research community exhort the Prime Minister
of Canada to join the international call to ban lethal autonomous weapons that remove
meaningful human control in the deployment
of lethal force.
«As part
of the Campaign to Stop Killer Robots, we have frequently heard from Canadians that they want to ensure that there is
meaningful human control over weapons at all times.
In February 2016, the UN Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions and the Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom
of peaceful assembly and
of association issued a report recommending that «autonomous weapons systems that require no
meaningful human control should be prohibited.»
Nearly all
of the 90 countries participating in this debate have acknowledged the need to retain
meaningful or necessary
human control over the use
of force involving autonomous weapons.
To make progress, we believe our discussions could focus on deepening our understanding
of what we exactly mean by «
meaningful human control».
In a letter delivered to the Prime Minister's Office last week, we exhort Justin Trudeau to join an international call to ban autonomous weapons that remove
meaningful human control in the deployment
of lethal force.
In the afternoon session chaired by Ambassador Beatriz Londono Soto
of Colombia four presenters from Germany, the Netherlands, and UK will address indicator - based approaches,
meaningful human control, and
human judgment.
Campaign representative Richard Moyes from Article 36 spoke about
meaningful human control of autonomous weapons at a side event on 16 October hosted by UNIDIR and the governments
of the Netherlands and Switzerland.
It supports the recommendation to create a Group
of Governmental Experts and urges states to identify an ambitious outcome for such a «GGE» to work towards by aiming to negotiate a new CCW protocol retaining
meaningful human control of weapons systems and individual attacks.
These are future weapons systems that would lack
meaningful human control over the critical functions
of selecting and attacking targets.
Switzerland shares the concern expressed by several states with regard to the development
of weapons systems which in their acquisition, identification and attack
of targets, including
human ones, are not subject to
meaningful human control.
How do we define a concept at the centre
of UN discussion like «
meaningful human control»?
Lethal autonomous weapons systems that remove
meaningful human control from determining the legitimacy
of targets and deploying lethal force sit on the wrong side
of a clear moral line.»
In February 2016, the UN Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions and the Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom
of peaceful assembly and
of association presented a report to the
Human Rights Council that recommended: «Autonomous weapons systems that require no meaningful human control should be prohibited.&r
Human Rights Council that recommended: «Autonomous weapons systems that require no
meaningful human control should be prohibited.&r
human control should be prohibited.»
Ms. Maya Brehm
of Article 36, a campaign co-founder, will speak on the concept
of «
meaningful human control»
of autonomous warfare.
These and other systems with high degrees
of autonomy must be examined in order to understand how
meaningful human control is exercised and how civilians can be afforded adequate and lasting protections.
Wareham addressed Russia's desire for a working definition and affirmed that «by retaining
meaningful human control over the use
of lethal force in each individual attack we can in effect prohibit the use
of fully autonomous weapons and thus achieve a preemptive ban.»
The imperative
of maintaining
meaningful human control over targeting and attack decisions emerged as the primary point
of common ground at the meeting.
This week's deliberations show there is great concern with the prospect
of future weapons that, once activated, would select and engage targets without
meaningful human control.
Dec. 6 (Brussels) A total
of 116 scientists working in fields including artificial intelligence, robotics and computer science issue an open letter calling on Belgium to support a ban on weapon systems lacking
meaningful human control over the critical functions
of targeting and engagement in every attack.
Binding legislation is required in the forms
of a new international treaty and national laws to retain
meaningful human control over future weapons systems and individual attacks.
The 58 - page Keeping
Control report by Daan Kayser provides an overview of the positions of European states on lethal autonomous weapon systems, including on the call for a ban and on how to ensure weapons systems remain under meaningful human c
Control report by Daan Kayser provides an overview
of the positions
of European states on lethal autonomous weapon systems, including on the call for a ban and on how to ensure weapons systems remain under
meaningful human controlcontrol.
In February 2016, the UN Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions and the Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom
of peaceful assembly and
of association issued a report containing the recommendation that «autonomous weapons systems that require no
meaningful human control should be prohibited.»
United Nations disarmament chief Angela Kane stated this week (2 July) that «there is a widespread view» that weapons systems that have the capability
of selecting and attacking targets without
human intervention «must be subject to
meaningful human control.»
To avoid future harm it is urging states to take action now to stop the creation
of weapons that would choose and fire on targets on their own without
meaningful human supervision or
control.
The need for
meaningful or adequate or another form
of «
human control» has been central to the debate with the majority
of states speaking in support
of retaining it.