We know that the number
of measurement stations has been slashed by more than two - thirds around the 1990s, about the same time when temperature showed a strong rise.
This is further complicated by the drop out of a large number
of measurement stations.
Not exact matches
One was several decades» worth
of geomagnetic storm
measurements, taken by monitoring
stations all over the nation.
TV
stations and sponsors are likely to cash in with his return: During the recent Arnold Palmer Invitational, Woods received 580 minutes
of brand exposure, according to
measurement company Nielsen.
The CO2 is sampled from air that is above the Boundary Layer; ostensibly free from surface effects.The Keeling Curve has the longest history
of CO2 continuous
measurements; but over the past 50 years a network
of similar
stations has become active.
Afterward NASCAR announced the cars
of Truex and 12th - place finisher Jimmie Johnson failed the postrace Laser Inspection
Station, which takes various
measurements on the car.
Station is the
measurement of where you baby is located in regards to certain areas
of the pelvis.
Air quality
measurements conducted by Buchanan Energy experts at two gas
stations of a similar size did not have a measurable impact on air quality, officials said.
Measurement of fetal
station is important when a forceps delivery is being considered.
Additionally, the Thruway Authority is in the process
of installing up to 12 Mesonet snow
measurement weather
stations that will allow for real - time, localized weather and snowfall rate monitoring.
O'Keefe said the flood in the village shows the limits
of flash flood forecasting, which relies on Doppler radar; rainfall
measurements from ground
stations, like the New York State Mesonet, a network
of more than 120 weather
stations across the state; and reports from ground observers.
Among them were the
measurements of atmospheric ozone at the UK's Halley research
station in Antarctica.
The researchers took direct emissions
measurements of 230 randomly selected, representative leaks from underground pipelines as well as at 229 metering and regulating
stations where natural gas is measured and regulated from higher pressure pipelines to lower pressure distribution pipelines.
In addition to these
measurements several ground
stations of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receive data from GPS, Galileo and GLONASS.
He has built a
station, and not just one, but probably the most impressive station, called SMEAR II (Station for Measuring Ecosystem - Atmosphere Relationships), in the boreal forests of Finland showing how a rounded set of environmental measurements can be ob
station, and not just one, but probably the most impressive
station, called SMEAR II (Station for Measuring Ecosystem - Atmosphere Relationships), in the boreal forests of Finland showing how a rounded set of environmental measurements can be ob
station, called SMEAR II (
Station for Measuring Ecosystem - Atmosphere Relationships), in the boreal forests of Finland showing how a rounded set of environmental measurements can be ob
Station for Measuring Ecosystem - Atmosphere Relationships), in the boreal forests
of Finland showing how a rounded set
of environmental
measurements can be obtained.
In the latest study, geochemists Kenneth McGee and Terrence Gerlach
of the U.S. Geological Survey in Vancouver, Washington, installed two subsurface monitoring
stations and made hourly
measurements of carbon dioxide for a year, beginning in October 1995.
For the first time, the researchers have proved that both the worldwide
measurement network NDACC with its ground
stations and modern weather satellites provide reliable global data for the isotope composition
of tropospheric water vapor.
The campaign is supported by ground - based
measurements at various
stations, analysis
of satellite data, and model calculations.
«Operating on the space
station will increase our exposure by over 10 times, taking us well beyond the traditional energy limits
of direct
measurements.»
They began to take weekly
measurements of water temperature, salinity and visibility at
stations placed to avoid direct interference from cities, towns and other direct human impacts.
NOAA
measurements at South Pole
station monitor the ozone layer above that location by means
of Dobson spectrophotometer and regular ozone - sonde balloon launches that record the thickness
of the ozone layer and its vertical distribution.
Several
of his colleagues compiled their
measurements, taken at more than 40
stations during a series
of research cruises last summer.
These can arise from many technical issues, including data selection, substandard temperature
station quality, urban vs rural effects,
station moves, and changes in the methods and times
of measurement
This paper reports on the first comprehensive analysis
of measurement data from the Boknis Eck time series
station, and it was recently published in the international journal Biogeosciences.
There is also a considerable gap in the otherwise dense network
of global ozone
measurement stations here.
Interpolation
of groundwater temperature
measurements at existing monitoring
stations is time - consuming and expensive.
Kalnay and Cai developed a more precise
measurement by comparing one set
of long - term temperature data recorded from satellite and weather balloons, which detect the effects
of warming from greenhouse gases, with another set recorded at ground level by 1,982 weather
stations across the continent.
In contrast, the method used by Miller and his colleagues, called a top - down method, uses
measurements of methane in the atmosphere, taken from a national network
of greenhouse gas monitoring
stations and aircraft
measurements conducted by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Department
of Energy.
The researchers compared results from a model called GFDL - AM3 to ozone
measurements from monitoring
stations over the course
of the last 35 years, from 1980 to 2014.
Measurements at a ground
station in Barrow, in the north
of Alaska, show a drop
of as much as 50 per cent since 1982 in the «Arctic haze», a cloud
of pollutants that forms over the Arctic each spring.
NASA's analyses incorporate surface temperature
measurements from 6,300 weather
stations, ship - and buoy - based observations
of sea surface temperatures, and temperature
measurements from Antarctic research
stations.
Secondly, parts
of their lab had to be moved to two locations in the city, which as Tittel explains was particularly tricky for the
measurement station at City Hall which included state -
of - the - art superconducting single - photon detectors developed by the National Institute for Standards and Technology, and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
A second
measurement station, 1,600 kilometres away in the ice sheet's interior, will operate until the end
of this month.
The field
measurements were carried out at the
station of the University
of Helsinki in Hyytiäla in southern Finland, which is typical for boreal forests, which cover eight percent
of the earth's surface.
On Antarctica's Ross Island, a short drive from the US McMurdo research
station, high - tech radar antennas and other atmospheric instruments gaze skyward, gathering detailed
measurements of West Antarctic clouds.
Since then, the
station has grown to produce twenty - six suites
of atmospheric
measurements.
We were unaware
of any other
stations with daily
measurements over a period
of more than 80 years, with few missing values or large data gaps.
Measurements from the seabed, the air and from land
stations, along with modelling analysis, will provide the link between potential sources
of elevated methane concentrations and the reason for variations.
Again, Monckton must surely know full well that for the last 25 - 30 years satellite temperature
measurement of sea and land surface have replaced terrestrial temperature
station measurements in many cases since these give a much greater coverage (70 %
of the surface
of the Earth is water... it's difficult to put weather
stations on top
of ice sheets etc.!)
We obtained daily in situ
measurements of ocean temperature at six century - scale monitoring
stations (see Table 1).
Based upon these
measurements the timing
of each
station is adjusted.
The expedition was mandated to gather a number
of measurements necessary for the design and conception phase
of the
station.
In addition, many nations are deploying local arrays
of instruments in relative proximity to research
stations that densify
measurements in many sectors
of the continental - scale POLENET networks.
Some
stations are designed to make
measurements for a 2 -3-year time span, whereas the backbone array
of remote
stations still remains in place today.
Welgegund
measurement station is a comprehesive atmospheric
measurement station approximately 100 km west
of Johannesburg, South Africa.
Kenttärova and Lompolojänkkä are part
of the same 42 - ha catchment, and the surface water move nutrients within the catchment from Kenttärova to Lompolojänkkä and finally into the Lake Pallasjärvi (close to the flux
measurement station Pallaslompolonniemi).
The radio
stations are used to reconstruct the electric field emitted by cosmic particle induced air showers which gives, e.g., a precise
measurement of the energy contained in the electromagnetic shower.
The
measurements of atmospheric composition were started in 1991, and the Sammaltunturi
station was established as a node
of the Pallas — Sodankylä Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW)
station in 1994.
In Utqiagvik, Alaska (formerly known as Barrow)-- one
of a handful
of stations where NOAA measures Arctic ozone levels — there's been a 12 percent increase in average ozone levels since
measurement began 45 years ago, Cooper said.
The size
of the temperature increase was calculated from thousands
of measurements from more than 6,000 weather
stations, ship - and buoy - based observations
of sea surface temperatures, and
measurements across Antarctic research
stations.