Sentences with phrase «of microbiome composition»

As shown in FIG. 1A, a first method 100 for diagnosing and treating an autoimmune condition comprises: receiving an aggregate set of samples from a population of subjects Silo; characterizing a microbiome composition and / or functional features for each of the aggregate set of samples associated with the population of subjects, thereby generating at least one of a microbiome composition dataset and a microbiome functional diversity dataset for the population of subjects S120; receiving a supplementary dataset, associated with at least a subset of the population of subjects, wherein the supplementary dataset is informative of characteristics associated with the autoimmune condition S130; and transforming the supplementary dataset and features extracted from at least one of the microbiome composition dataset and the microbiome functional diversity dataset into a characterization model of the autoimmune condition S140.

As shown in FIG. 1A, a first method 100 for diagnosing and treating an autoimmune condition comprises: receiving an aggregate set of samples from a population of subjects S110; characterizing a microbiome composition and / or functional features for each of the aggregate set of samples associated with the population of subjects, thereby generating at least one of a microbiome composition dataset and a microbiome functional diversity dataset for the population of subjects S120; receiving a supplementary dataset, associated with at least a subset of the population of subjects, wherein the supplementary dataset is informative of characteristics associated with the autoimmune condition S130; and transforming the supplementary dataset and features extracted from at least one of the microbiome composition dataset and the microbiome functional diversity dataset into a characterization model of the autoimmune condition S140.

1:45 PM Assessment of effects of microbiome composition on pediatric fatty liver disease.

To our knowledge, our study was the first to examine the contribution of delivery mode to infant intestinal microbiome composition in association with that of another important predictor of microbiome composition, infant diet.

Not exact matches

In this study, researchers found that specific changes to maternal diet in the same woman (changing fat versus carbohydrate consumption, or changing consumption of specific sugars), is associated with changes in both the milk microbiome and human milk oligosaccharide (a carbohydrate) composition.

We characterized the intestinal microbiome of 102 6 - week - old infants and observed independent associations between stool microbial community composition, mode of delivery, and feeding method.

While the UniFrac analyses we performed suggest independent associations between microbiome composition and both delivery mode and feeding method, the substantial overlap between the communities defined by both factors suggests that there are other important drivers of microbiome community composition that remain to be identified in future analyses.

Objective To examine the associations of delivery mode and feeding method with infant intestinal microbiome composition at approximately 6 weeks of life.

Overall stool microbiome community composition was characterized using generalized UniFrac analysis.30 Controlling for the effects of feeding method, delivery mode was strongly associated with infant gut microbiome composition (P <.001; Q <.001)(Figure 1A).

We evaluated the associations between the composition of the 6 - week intestinal microbiome and both delivery mode and feeding method in 102 full - term, appropriately grown infants enrolled in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study.

Although a few previous studies have found associations between infant feeding and intestinal microbiome composition,9 - 12, 14 to our knowledge, none has examined the relative contribution of combination feeding (breast milk and formula) alongside exclusive formula or breastfeeding to overall microbial community composition.

An emerging body of literature in adults has begun to establish clear associations between gut microbiome composition and a wide range of health outcomes.1 - 6 In contrast, comparatively little is known about the gut microbiome in infants and children, the exposures that shape it, and its lifelong health effects.7 Although limited in their size and scope, a number of studies have established associations between intestinal microbiome profiles in infants, delivery mode, and / or breast milk exposure.8 - 15 These factors both have long - term health consequences.

Stool microbiome composition was characterized using next - generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene.

Importance The intestinal microbiome plays a critical role in infant development, and delivery mode and feeding method (breast milk vs formula) are determinants of its composition.

In a previous study of 24 healthy women, vaginal microbiome composition became less diverse between the second and third trimesters of pregnancy and just before delivery was enriched with Lactobacillus species, likely contributing to vertical transmission of these bacteria during vaginal birth.21 In a study of 10 newborns in Venezuela, within hours of delivery, the intestinal tracts of infants born vaginally were colonized by Lactobacillus and Prevotella, whereas infants delivered operatively acquired bacteria present on the mother's skin and the hospital environment, such as Staphylococcus, Proprionibacterium, and Corynebacterium.15 Quiz Ref ID Our findings, based on a large group of 6 - week - old infants, indicated that Lactobacillus also contributes to the microbial environment of the gut but to a lesser extent than Bifidobacteria, Bacteroides, and Streptococcus.

We observed significant independent associations between the composition of the infant gut microbiome and both delivery mode and feeding method.

Main Outcomes and Measures Stool microbiome composition was characterized using next - generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene.

«We were curious if the transmission of microbes is enough to explain the variation that we see in the microbiome composition among individual fish.»

At the end of the maturing process, a typical composition of the microbiome prevails, particularly dominated by Gram - negative Curvibacter bacteria.

During this developmental time, the bacterial communities covering the animal's surface change radically, until a stable composition of the microbiome finally forms.

Changes in the composition and activity of the gut microbiome in early life can influence the immune system and these changes might indirectly lead to changes in asthma later in life,» said Dr. Anke Maitland - van der Zee, senior author of the study.

«Several studies have detected differences in the composition of the gut microbiome between healthy people and those with obesity and type 2 diabetes, but the cause and effect remain unclear,» says Mark McCarthy, and continues:

If researchers can get a handle on the gut microbiome's role, Baranzini can imagine a day when probiotics can be used to shift the composition of microbes in the gut to reduce inflammation.

A new study from researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham shows that Parkinson's disease, and medications to treat Parkinson's, have distinct effects on the composition of the trillions of bacteria that make up the gut microbiome.

«Through major genetics studies,» Borenstein noted, «scientists have made valuable progress in gathering information on the species composition of the human microbiome in health and disease.»

Colonization by the human and animal parasite, Giardia, changed the species composition of the mouse microbiome in a way that might be harmful.

It's currently a challenge to do this kind of microbial redesign — antibiotics reduce microbial burden but fail to induce major changes in bacterial composition, and from fecal transplant studies in the gut we know that bacterial populations return to a baseline population even after a major shift — so more work is needed to attempt a durable change in the vaginal microbiome.

«With this study, we sought to characterize preschool - age children's supragingival microbiome composition according to clinical statuses of health («caries - free»), «restored disease» and «non-restored» or «untreated» disease,» said Kimon Divaris.

Rather, it conveys the subtle and elegant choreography of one part of the human microbiome: The relationships between the mothers» genetics, the composition of her breast milk and the development of her infant's gut microbiota.

Two groups of lactating women participated in highly - controlled single - blinded cross-over dietary intervention studies to evaluate if maternal diet plays a significant role in structuring the taxonomic and metagenomic composition of the breast milk microbiome.

The composition of the breast milk microbiome varies over time and among individuals, though the factors driving the variation are largely unknown.

During pregnancy and labor, antibiotics may change the composition of bacteria in a mother, and as a consequence, the microbiome of the baby.

Both studies demonstrate that the composition of the gut microbiome — the swarms of microorganisms naturally dwelling in the intestines — determines how effective these cancer immunotherapies are.

In another finding that is consistent with the practice of crop rotation, Fitzpatrick evaluated plant soil feedback and demonstrated that the more similar the composition of a plant's root microbiome to that of the previous generation of plant grown in that soil, the more the second - generation plant suffered.

Finally, Relman cautions that the composition of the mouse microbiome was measured only at the end of the experiment.

«If testosterone drives the microbial composition of the gut, a compelling next step would be to determine if treatment of PCOS with testosterone blockers or oral contraceptives results in the recovery of the gut microbiome,» said Thackray.

Everything from being vegetarian to being born by cesarean section can change the composition of our microbiome in meaningful ways, she notes.

«Penicillin - type antibiotics seemed to have a weaker impact on the composition and functioning of the microbiome than macrolides,» Korpela says.

In both AP1 and AP2, the associations between the composition of the microbiome and specific inflammatory cytokines were decreased after treatment with an inhaled corticosteroid, a common asthma therapy.

Researchers at Harvard Medical School and Columbia University in the United States have developed a way to study the functions of hard - to - grow bacteria that contribute to the composition of the gut microbiome.

«Our findings point to two potential impacts from additional research — analyzing the diversity and composition of the microbiome to predict response to immunotherapy and modulating the gut microbiome to enhance treatment,» said Wargo, senior researcher on the project and co-leader of the Melanoma Moon Shot ™, part of MD Anderson's Moon Shots Program ™ to reduce cancer deaths by accelerating development of therapies from scientific discoveries.

«Our study points to dietary fiber as a major factor driving the overall composition of the microbiome,» says Shapiro.

They found that, while the species of bacteria present in the gut microbiome vary greatly between individuals, the composition of the microbiome is generally stable within the individual over time.

«Our stomachs produce gastric acid to kill ingested microbes, and taking a medication to suppress gastric acid secretion can change the composition of the gut microbiome,» said senior author Bernd Schnabl, MD, associate professor of gastroenterology at UC San Diego School of Medicine.

In turn, stress and emotions can change the composition of the gut microbiome.

This is the first study describing the composition of the eye microbiome of a non-human mammal by high - throughput sequencing and it establishes the healthy baseline for this body part to which microbiomes of diseased states can be compared.

HEIDELBERG, 11 March 2015 — Researchers at Harvard Medical School and Columbia University in the United States have developed a way to study the functions of hard - to - grow bacteria that contribute to the composition of the gut microbiome.

However, the Weizmann researchers were surprised to discover that the host's genetics play a very minor role in determining microbiome composition — only accounting for about 2 % of the variation between populations.

Factors such as early environment, diet and antibiotic exposure have a lot to do with why people differ from one another in the composition of their microbiomes.

Study after study has found that our microbiome affects nearly every aspect of our health; and its microbial composition, which varies from individual to individual, may hold the key to everything from weight gain to moods.