Not exact matches
RE: Just a little piecprsteve on the credibility
of the authors
of the study: Study co-author Dr. Roy Spencer, a principal research scientist at the University
of Alabama in Huntsville and U.S. Science Team Leader for the Advanced
Microwave Scanning
Radiometer flying on NASA's Aqua satellite, reports that real - world data from NASA's Terra satellite contradict multiple assumptions fed into alarmist computer models.
As the spacecraft swooped 9,000 kilometers above the giant storm, Juno's
microwave radiometer peered through the deep layers
of cloud, measuring the atmosphere's temperature down hundreds
of kilometers.
PASADENA, Calif. — When ground controllers begin powering up the Juno spacecraft's science instruments on July 6, one
of their most important goals will be to get the
microwave radiometer up and running.
Critically, Juno's
microwave radiometer will not simply survey Jupiter's cloud tops — instead, it will peer below the ammonia clouds that shroud most
of the planet, which are largely transparent to
microwaves.
In contrast, the Scripps team opted to directly correlate albedo measurements made by NASA's CERES instrument data with observations
of sea ice extent made by the Special Sensor
Microwave Imager (SSM / I)
radiometers aboard Defense Meteorological Satellite Program satellites.
«Along with the
microwave radiometer measurements, which have also shown surprises in the deep atmosphere, these results demonstrate that if we want to understand giant planets, we will need to study all
of Jupiter,» Levin says.
Finnish Meteorological Institute has been doing estimates
of two essential sea ice parameters — namely, sea ice concentration (SIC) and sea ice thickness (SIT)-- for the Bohai Sea using a combination
of a thermodynamic sea ice model and Earth observation (EO) data from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and
microwave radiometer.
This hindcast uses two time - varying inputs: 10 - meter wind vectors from the atmospheric model NAVGEM (Navy Global Environmental Model, Hogan et al. 2014) run at the Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center (FNMOC), and analyses
of ice concentrations (also produced at FNMOC) from passive
microwave radiometer data (SSM / I).
The National Space Development Agency
of Japan contributed a
microwave scanning
radiometer to measure water vapor content and precipitation rates, and Brazil's space agency provided a device to measure atmospheric humidity.
Roy W. Spencer is a well known AGW «Denier» a PHD, U.S., Science Team Leader for the Advanced
Microwave Scanning
Radiometer (AMSR - E) on NASA's Aqua satellite, holder
of the NASA Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal, published in Nature (one
of the most prestigious science journals in the world), yet some
of his most basic scientific ideas are clearly ridiculous.
Microwave radiometers are very sensitive gauges
of energy transmitted from the Earth which scientists can use to judge the amount
of water, ice or water vapour underneath the spacecraft's flight path.
Microwave radars
of the European Remote - Sensing Satellites (ERS),
radiometers of the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) and the dual - frequency altimeter TOPEX - POSEIDON have shown their ability to improve the description and location
of storms, especially in the case
of tropical cyclones for which very few traditional observations exist.
Since 1979, scientists have relied on a variety
of satellite sensors, including the Scanning Multichannel
Microwave Radiometer (SMMR), the Special Sensor
Microwave / Imager (SSM / I), the Advanced
Microwave Scanning
Radiometer — Earth Observing System (AMSR - E), and (most recently) the Special Sensor
Microwave Imager / Sounder (SSMIS).
The Advanced
Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR - E), a high - resolution passive microwave Instrument on NASA's Aqua satellite shows the state of Arctic sea ice on September 10 in this image released September
Microwave Scanning
Radiometer (AMSR - E), a high - resolution passive
microwave Instrument on NASA's Aqua satellite shows the state of Arctic sea ice on September 10 in this image released September
microwave Instrument on NASA's Aqua satellite shows the state
of Arctic sea ice on September 10 in this image released September 16, 2008.
The
Microwave Radiometer - High Frequency (MWRHF) provides time - series measurements
of brightness temperatures from two channels centered at 90 and 150 GHz.
This figure is an overlay
of a lightning stroke map from WWLLN (black circles) and 91 - gigahertz brightness temperatures provided by the Special Sensor
Microwave Imager / Sounder (SSMIS)
radiometer on the low - orbit satellite DMSP F - 18.
Currently a principal research scientist at the University
of Alabama in Huntsville, he also «serves as the U.S. Science Team Leader for the Advanced
Microwave Scanning
Radiometer for EOS... flying on NASA's Aqua satellite.»
The primary sources
of the post-1972 data are the hemispheric fields
of sea - ice concentration from (1) the U.S. National Ice Center (NIC), whose weekly grids (derived primarily from satellite data) span the period 1972 - 1994, and (2) the satellite passive -
microwave grids from the Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) / Special Sensor Microwave / Imager (SSM / I) period, 1978 - 97 (Parkinson and other
microwave grids from the Scanning Multichannel
Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) / Special Sensor Microwave / Imager (SSM / I) period, 1978 - 97 (Parkinson and other
Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) / Special Sensor
Microwave / Imager (SSM / I) period, 1978 - 97 (Parkinson and other
Microwave / Imager (SSM / I) period, 1978 - 97 (Parkinson and others, 1999).
MacFarlane, S.F., K.F. Evans, and A.S. Ackerman, 2002: A Bayesian algorithm for the retrieval
of liquid water cloud properties from
microwave radiometer and millimeter radar data.
For practical purposes, SSTsubskin can be well approximated to the measurement
of surface temperature by a
microwave radiometer operating in the 6 - 11 GHz frequency range, but the relationship is neither direct nor invariant to changing physical conditions or to the specific geometry
of the
microwave measurements.
Useful satellite data concerning sea ice began in late 1978 with the launch
of NASA's Scanning Multichannel
Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) satellite.
The
Microwave Radiometer (MWR) provides time - series measurements
of column - integrated amounts
of water vapor and liquid water.
Temperature sounding
microwave radiometers flown on polar - orbiting weather satellites provide a long - term, global - scale record
of upper - atmosphere temperatures, beginning in late 1978 and continuing to the present.
Project Scientist Kevin Pearson has recently published a paper on the role
of the Advanced
Microwave Scanning
Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) channels within an optimal estimation scheme for sea surface temperature.
The subskin SST, SSTsubskin, is representative
of the SST at the bottom
of the skin temperature layer and is usually the value measured by a low - frequency (6 - 10 GHz)
microwave radiometer.
The cancellation
of CMIS leaves JAXA's AMSR - E and the U.S. Navy's WindSat as the only low - frequency, high - spatial - resolution
microwave radiometers in space.
CMIS represented the state
of the art in satellite
microwave radiometers and was intended to continue, with a higher degree
of accuracy and resolution, the time series
of many fundamental climate variables, including SST and wind, sea ice and snow coverage, soil moisture, and atmospheric moisture (vapor, clouds, and rain).
CMIS had a number
of advanced capabilities that are not available from the current operational
microwave imaging
radiometers SSM / I and SSMIS.
In the original configuration
of NPOESS, the ocean surface vector wind data record established by QuikSCAT was to be replaced by passive
microwave measurements
of wind speed and direction by the polarimetric CMIS
radiometer.
Matrosov S. Y. and D. D. Turner (March 2018): Retrieving mean temperature
of atmospheric liquid water layers using
microwave radiometer measurements.
The endemic cloud cover at high latitudes prevents monitoring
of ocean temperatures by IR
radiometers, and
microwave radiometers provide the only way to continually measure SST in these vital Arctic regions, which are now experiencing rapid climate change.
With MIS delayed until NPOESS C2, there is a need to continue the long (28 - year) climate data record
of sea ice extent and concentration collected by passive
microwave radiometers; continued scatterometer and altimeter measurements are also required.
Anyway, as I haven't been motivated to attack the snow which has buried my D / W and am thus marooned, I looked around for information on Dickie
radiometers, the sort
of electronic device used in passive
microwave sensors.