Peter Taylor; It took me a long time to realise that the Radiative Forcing (RF) that is at the heart
of the model calculations is centred on a notional point toward the top of the troposphere... defined by the temperature at which the earth will reradiate the balancing energy — which is -19 C and about 10 km up >> >
It took me a long time to realise that the Radiative Forcing (RF) that is at the heart
of the model calculations is centred on a notional point toward the top of the troposphere... defined by the temperature at which the earth will reradiate the balancing energy — which is -19 C and about 10 km up.
Impact: A greater understanding of radiation observations in the absence
of model calculations, and vice versa, can be established to fill gaps in the climate record.
The IPCC climate models for the temperature development have been way too high with their estimation as the comparison
of the model calculations to the real, observed development recorded by satellite for January 2001 to Juni 2016.
Miskolczi has taken this approach by writing yet another incoherent paper where inaccurate empirical observations and approximate properties
of model calculations are put together claiming that the result is a new exact law of nature.
Haarsma et al (2015) argue on the basis
of model calculations that the weakening of the AMOC will be the main cause of changes in the summer circulation of the atmosphere over Europe in the future.
It is significant, however, that none
of the model calculations predicts negligible warming.
According to one type
of model calculations, the inner edge of CD - 44 11909's habitable zone should be located a quite close to the star, at an orbital distance of around 0.05 AU, while the outer edge is a a little farther out at around 0.09 AU (Tuomi et al, 2014), but another study found the HZ to range from 0.07 to 0.19 AU (Bonfils et al, 2013).
According to one type
of model calculations performed for the NASA Star and Exoplanet Database, the inner edge of Tau Ceti's habitable zone is located relatively far from the star at around 0.582 AUs from the star, while the outer edge lies even farther out at around 1.157 AUs.
According to one type
of model calculations performed for the NASA Star and Exoplanet Database, the inner edge of 47 UMa's habitable zone should be located around 1.03 AUs from the star, while the outer edge edge lies around 2.06 AUs.
According to one type
of model calculations performed for the NASA Star and Exoplanet Database, the inner edge of 61 Vir's habitable zone should be located around 0.76 AU from the star, while the outer edge edge lies around 1.52 AUs.
According to one type
of model calculations performed for the NASA Star and Exoplanet Database, the inner edge of Star A's habitable zone should be located around 1.17 AU from the star, while the outer edge edge lies around 2.33 AUs.
According to one type
of model calculations performed for the NASA Star and Exoplanet Database, the inner edge of Altair's habitable zone is located relatively far from the star at around 2.177 AUs from the star, while the outer edge lies even farther out at around 4.475 AUs.
Not exact matches
The scenario
model is pre-populated with data based on a large sample
of U.S. public companies (more than 2,500 companies) over a seven - year period (2004 - 2011), as compiled by BoardEx.1 To access the pre-populated
model calculations, click the Calculations / Historical data and Attrition data tabs in the Excel spreadsheet that you can download fro
calculations, click the
Calculations / Historical data and Attrition data tabs in the Excel spreadsheet that you can download fro
Calculations / Historical data and Attrition data tabs in the Excel spreadsheet that you can download from this page.
Our
models always capture the after - tax value
of asset write - downs in our measure
of invested capital, the denominator in our return on invested capital (ROIC)
calculation.
- retirement savings and income - Pre-59 1/2 72t
Calculations (avoiding penalty tax)- college savings and 529 plan illustrations - college cost and tuition data - Coverdell education savings - risk profile questionnaires and quizes - model portfolio illustrations - asset allocation and portfolio optimization - portfolio management and value tracking - 401 (k) retirement savings - Cost of waiting to save - Effect of Taxes and Inflation - Estate Tax Estimator - Finding Money for your savings goals - Health Savings Account (HSA) illustrations - Historical Hypothetical Portfolio Performance - Impact of Inflation - Life Insurance Needs Analysis - IRA Eligibility (all types of IRAs)- IRA Savings and Goal Analysis - IRA Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs)- IRA to Roth Conversion - Long Term Care Insurance - Lumpsum Distributions vs. Rollover Distributions - Model Portfolio Creation and Comparisons - Mortgage Amortization - Net Unrealized Appreciation of Employer Stock - Net Worth Estimator - New Value Calculator - Pension / Defined Benefit Income estimates - Portfolio Allocation Rebalancing - Portfolio Optimization and «Advice» - Portfolio Return Calculations - Paycheck Tax Savings - Required Minimum Distribution calculations - Retirement Budget and Expense Planning - Retirement Income Analyzer - Retirement Savings Estimator - Risk Tolerance Profile - Roth 401k - Roth Conversion - Roth v. IRA illustrations - Short Term Savings goals - Social Security benefit estimates - Stretch IRA / Legacy IRA illustrations - Tax Free Yield
Calculations (avoiding penalty tax)- college savings and 529 plan illustrations - college cost and tuition data - Coverdell education savings - risk profile questionnaires and quizes -
model portfolio illustrations - asset allocation and portfolio optimization - portfolio management and value tracking - 401 (k) retirement savings - Cost of waiting to save - Effect of Taxes and Inflation - Estate Tax Estimator - Finding Money for your savings goals - Health Savings Account (HSA) illustrations - Historical Hypothetical Portfolio Performance - Impact of Inflation - Life Insurance Needs Analysis - IRA Eligibility (all types of IRAs)- IRA Savings and Goal Analysis - IRA Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs)- IRA to Roth Conversion - Long Term Care Insurance - Lumpsum Distributions vs. Rollover Distributions - Model Portfolio Creation and Comparisons - Mortgage Amortization - Net Unrealized Appreciation of Employer Stock - Net Worth Estimator - New Value Calculator - Pension / Defined Benefit Income estimates - Portfolio Allocation Rebalancing - Portfolio Optimization and «Advice» - Portfolio Return Calculations - Paycheck Tax Savings - Required Minimum Distribution calculations - Retirement Budget and Expense Planning - Retirement Income Analyzer - Retirement Savings Estimator - Risk Tolerance Profile - Roth 401k - Roth Conversion - Roth v. IRA illustrations - Short Term Savings goals - Social Security benefit estimates - Stretch IRA / Legacy IRA illustrations - Tax Free Yield calcula
model portfolio illustrations - asset allocation and portfolio optimization - portfolio management and value tracking - 401 (k) retirement savings - Cost
of waiting to save - Effect
of Taxes and Inflation - Estate Tax Estimator - Finding Money for your savings goals - Health Savings Account (HSA) illustrations - Historical Hypothetical Portfolio Performance - Impact
of Inflation - Life Insurance Needs Analysis - IRA Eligibility (all types
of IRAs)- IRA Savings and Goal Analysis - IRA Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs)- IRA to Roth Conversion - Long Term Care Insurance - Lumpsum Distributions vs. Rollover Distributions -
Model Portfolio Creation and Comparisons - Mortgage Amortization - Net Unrealized Appreciation of Employer Stock - Net Worth Estimator - New Value Calculator - Pension / Defined Benefit Income estimates - Portfolio Allocation Rebalancing - Portfolio Optimization and «Advice» - Portfolio Return Calculations - Paycheck Tax Savings - Required Minimum Distribution calculations - Retirement Budget and Expense Planning - Retirement Income Analyzer - Retirement Savings Estimator - Risk Tolerance Profile - Roth 401k - Roth Conversion - Roth v. IRA illustrations - Short Term Savings goals - Social Security benefit estimates - Stretch IRA / Legacy IRA illustrations - Tax Free Yield calcula
Model Portfolio Creation and Comparisons - Mortgage Amortization - Net Unrealized Appreciation
of Employer Stock - Net Worth Estimator - New Value Calculator - Pension / Defined Benefit Income estimates - Portfolio Allocation Rebalancing - Portfolio Optimization and «Advice» - Portfolio Return
Calculations - Paycheck Tax Savings - Required Minimum Distribution calculations - Retirement Budget and Expense Planning - Retirement Income Analyzer - Retirement Savings Estimator - Risk Tolerance Profile - Roth 401k - Roth Conversion - Roth v. IRA illustrations - Short Term Savings goals - Social Security benefit estimates - Stretch IRA / Legacy IRA illustrations - Tax Free Yield
Calculations - Paycheck Tax Savings - Required Minimum Distribution
calculations - Retirement Budget and Expense Planning - Retirement Income Analyzer - Retirement Savings Estimator - Risk Tolerance Profile - Roth 401k - Roth Conversion - Roth v. IRA illustrations - Short Term Savings goals - Social Security benefit estimates - Stretch IRA / Legacy IRA illustrations - Tax Free Yield
calculations - Retirement Budget and Expense Planning - Retirement Income Analyzer - Retirement Savings Estimator - Risk Tolerance Profile - Roth 401k - Roth Conversion - Roth v. IRA illustrations - Short Term Savings goals - Social Security benefit estimates - Stretch IRA / Legacy IRA illustrations - Tax Free Yield
calculationscalculations
- retirement savings and income - Pre-59 1/2 72t
Calculations (avoiding penalty tax)- college savings and 529 plan illustrations - college cost and tuition data - Coverdell education savings - risk profile questionnaires and quizes - model portfolio illustrations - asset allocation and portfolio optimization - portfolio management and value tracking - 401 (k) retirement savings - Cost of waiting to save - Effect of Taxes and Inflation - Estate Tax Estimator - Finding Money for your savings goals - Health Savings Account (HSA) illustrations - Historical Hypothetical Portfolio Performance - Impact of Inflation - Life Insurance Needs Analysis - IRA Eligibility (all types of IRAs)- IRA Savings and Goal Analysis - IRA Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs)- IRA to Roth Conversion - Long Term Care Insurance - Lumpsum Distributions vs. Rollover Distributions - Model Portfolio Creation and Comparisons - Mortgage Amortization - Net Unrealized Appreciation of Employer Stock - Net Worth Estimator - New Value Calculator - Pension / Defined Benefit Income estimates - Portfolio Allocation Rebalancing - Portfolio Optimization and «Advice» - Portfolio Return Calculations - Paycheck Tax Savings - Required Minimum Distribution calculations - Retirement Budget and Expense Planning - Retirement Income Analyzer - Retirement Savings Estimator - Risk Tolerance Profile - Roth Conversion - Roth v. IRA illustrations - Short Term Savings goals - Social Security benefit estimates - Stretch IRA / Legacy IRA illustrations - Tax Free Yield
Calculations (avoiding penalty tax)- college savings and 529 plan illustrations - college cost and tuition data - Coverdell education savings - risk profile questionnaires and quizes -
model portfolio illustrations - asset allocation and portfolio optimization - portfolio management and value tracking - 401 (k) retirement savings - Cost of waiting to save - Effect of Taxes and Inflation - Estate Tax Estimator - Finding Money for your savings goals - Health Savings Account (HSA) illustrations - Historical Hypothetical Portfolio Performance - Impact of Inflation - Life Insurance Needs Analysis - IRA Eligibility (all types of IRAs)- IRA Savings and Goal Analysis - IRA Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs)- IRA to Roth Conversion - Long Term Care Insurance - Lumpsum Distributions vs. Rollover Distributions - Model Portfolio Creation and Comparisons - Mortgage Amortization - Net Unrealized Appreciation of Employer Stock - Net Worth Estimator - New Value Calculator - Pension / Defined Benefit Income estimates - Portfolio Allocation Rebalancing - Portfolio Optimization and «Advice» - Portfolio Return Calculations - Paycheck Tax Savings - Required Minimum Distribution calculations - Retirement Budget and Expense Planning - Retirement Income Analyzer - Retirement Savings Estimator - Risk Tolerance Profile - Roth Conversion - Roth v. IRA illustrations - Short Term Savings goals - Social Security benefit estimates - Stretch IRA / Legacy IRA illustrations - Tax Free Yield calcula
model portfolio illustrations - asset allocation and portfolio optimization - portfolio management and value tracking - 401 (k) retirement savings - Cost
of waiting to save - Effect
of Taxes and Inflation - Estate Tax Estimator - Finding Money for your savings goals - Health Savings Account (HSA) illustrations - Historical Hypothetical Portfolio Performance - Impact
of Inflation - Life Insurance Needs Analysis - IRA Eligibility (all types
of IRAs)- IRA Savings and Goal Analysis - IRA Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs)- IRA to Roth Conversion - Long Term Care Insurance - Lumpsum Distributions vs. Rollover Distributions -
Model Portfolio Creation and Comparisons - Mortgage Amortization - Net Unrealized Appreciation of Employer Stock - Net Worth Estimator - New Value Calculator - Pension / Defined Benefit Income estimates - Portfolio Allocation Rebalancing - Portfolio Optimization and «Advice» - Portfolio Return Calculations - Paycheck Tax Savings - Required Minimum Distribution calculations - Retirement Budget and Expense Planning - Retirement Income Analyzer - Retirement Savings Estimator - Risk Tolerance Profile - Roth Conversion - Roth v. IRA illustrations - Short Term Savings goals - Social Security benefit estimates - Stretch IRA / Legacy IRA illustrations - Tax Free Yield calcula
Model Portfolio Creation and Comparisons - Mortgage Amortization - Net Unrealized Appreciation
of Employer Stock - Net Worth Estimator - New Value Calculator - Pension / Defined Benefit Income estimates - Portfolio Allocation Rebalancing - Portfolio Optimization and «Advice» - Portfolio Return
Calculations - Paycheck Tax Savings - Required Minimum Distribution calculations - Retirement Budget and Expense Planning - Retirement Income Analyzer - Retirement Savings Estimator - Risk Tolerance Profile - Roth Conversion - Roth v. IRA illustrations - Short Term Savings goals - Social Security benefit estimates - Stretch IRA / Legacy IRA illustrations - Tax Free Yield
Calculations - Paycheck Tax Savings - Required Minimum Distribution
calculations - Retirement Budget and Expense Planning - Retirement Income Analyzer - Retirement Savings Estimator - Risk Tolerance Profile - Roth Conversion - Roth v. IRA illustrations - Short Term Savings goals - Social Security benefit estimates - Stretch IRA / Legacy IRA illustrations - Tax Free Yield
calculations - Retirement Budget and Expense Planning - Retirement Income Analyzer - Retirement Savings Estimator - Risk Tolerance Profile - Roth Conversion - Roth v. IRA illustrations - Short Term Savings goals - Social Security benefit estimates - Stretch IRA / Legacy IRA illustrations - Tax Free Yield
calculationscalculations
Röpke locates wealth creation «not in «capital,» machine
models, technical or organizational recipes or natural wealth, but in a spirit
of order, foresight, combination,
calculation, enterprise, human leadership and the freedom to shape life and things, also in citizenship, responsibility, loyalty to work, reliability, thrift and the urge to create, and in a civil middle class, providing the humus for all this» things, in short, which can neither be conjured up from the soil, nor imported.»
«
Calculation have been made through
modeling how many galaxies are in the universe and the odds
of life calculated from those numbers; yes its theoretical but because it helps my position you ignore it»
STARe
Model - Free Kinetics software option
Calculation of process optimizations and reaction processes without time - consuming long - term measurements
Which then has its own problems for the self - sustainability
model that Arsenal adopts, because if you believe some
of the AST
calculations, it means there's about # 30million for transfers available in the summer.
If as a
model calculation I put the 8100 $ at 10 %, and assume that the 27 million non-tax-payers have on average 4000 $, it means this «exemption» costs a total
of almost 41 billion $ / year.
A
model calculation about the size
of this «exemption»: In Germany the first ca. 8100 $ are not taxed.
This image, effectively a still culled from the first comprehensive 3 - D
model of a sunspot, was created after NCAR received an IBM supercomputer capable
of performing 76 trillion
calculations per second.
«This discrepancy between 1D - and 3D - based
calculations of the 1989 storm demonstrates the importance
of realistic data, rather than relying on previous 1D
models, to determine the impact that a geomagnetic storm has on power grids,» Lucas said.
Prof. Schmitt reports that
model calculations demonstrated that zircon formation is only possible over such protracted durations if the inflow
of magma amounted to approx.
«Then, if something actually happens, like a toxic plume,» he says, «we could pick out the
model that's the closest match and do near — real - time
calculation for things like the optimal mix
of shelter - in - place and evacuation.»
The
model requires so many
calculations that it could only be run once — even with more than a year
of computer time at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, in Tennessee.
Random fluctuations and three physical reasons come into question to explain this: The
model calculations are based on different amounts
of radiant energy from the sun that impinge on Earth's surface and are stored as a result
of the greenhouse effect, e.g. due to atmospheric carbon dioxide.
The
model calculations, which are based on data from the CLOUD experiment, reveal that the cooling effects
of clouds are 27 percent less than in climate simulations without this effect as a result
of additional particles caused by human activity: Instead
of a radiative effect
of -0.82 W / m2 the outcome is only -0.60 W / m2.
The
model calculations show that the effects as a result
of changes in ionisation through the sun are too small to make a significant contribution to cloud formation.
In their article «Improving atomic displacement and replacement
calculations with physically realistic damage
models» published in Nature Communications, the scientists present the outcome
of a reconsideration
of the issue.
Dirk Notz and Julienne Stroeve have now compared corresponding
model calculations with data from satellite measurements, and discovered that the climate
models underestimate the loss
of Arctic sea ice.
By means
of building simulations and advanced
calculation models, the researchers came to the conclusion that using plenty
of energy is both an economic and an environmental advantage, while it is also inexpensive and green.
Now, a team
of Italian physicists has developed a predictive theoretical
model for heat flux in these materials, using atom - scale
calculations.
Traditional atomistic
calculation methods involve a heavy computational workload, which sometimes prevents their application to systems large enough to
model the experimental structural complexity
of real samples.
Naga Oshima
of the Meteorological Research Institute conducted the global climate
model calculations to obtain temperature anomalies caused by various amounts
of soot injected into the stratosphere.
It was only possible through the participation
of thousands
of members
of the public in the work's biggest ever climate
modelling exercise: they offered up spare processing capacity on their home computers to run the
calculations via the Climate Prediction citizen science climate
modelling programme.
The
calculations are in line with estimates from most climate
models, proving that these
models do a good job
of estimating past climatic conditions and, very likely, future conditions in an era
of climate change and global warming.
At the Environmental Change Institute in Oxford, researchers Nathalie Schaller and Friederike Otto analysed results from almost 40,000 climate
model calculations to test the impact
of climate change on Britain's winter rains.
A team
of theoretical high - energy physicists in the Fermilab Lattice and MILC Collaborations has published a new high - precision
calculation that could significantly advance the indirect search for physics beyond the Standard
Model (SM).
«With the new
model calculations, we are getting a better understanding
of the intense thunderstorms that can lead to the severe flooding that often occurs in temperate latitudes,» explains Jan O. Haerter.
«There's a real difference between a back -
of - the - envelope
calculation and actually plugging it into a more sophisticated
model,» says Jason Barnes, an astronomer from the University
of Idaho, who was not involved in the study.
To reproduce the vertical collapse
of landslide material in the landslide scarp area and the extreme thinning and runout in the front, the
model must take into account the presence
of ice in the
calculations.
Calculations of the Earth's albedo, i.e. its reflectivity
of sunlight, are important for constructing reliable climate
models.
Even such simplified
models involve
calculations that require several days
of computation in one
of the Weizmann Institute's powerful computer clusters.
The strength
of classical physics was that
calculations were simple and could be used to
model really large molecules.
The campaign is supported by ground - based measurements at various stations, analysis
of satellite data, and
model calculations.
Gottesman and colleague John Preskill
of the California Institute
of Technology in Pasadena, US, found that previous
calculations by other researchers using this
model allowed information to escape for only certain interactions between the infalling matter and the infalling Hawking radiation.
It is also argued that experiment clearly indicates that interlayer interactions strongly affect the superconducting transition temperature, Tc, consistent with the fact that no theoretical
calculations on two - dimensional Hubbard
models have resulted in the prediction
of high transition temperatures, and that anyon
models are not favored by experiment.